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    TOEFL Meeting 7

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    KASIANUS KALFINUS NDURU
    The document discusses noun clause connectors and adjective clause connectors. It explains that noun clause connectors introduce a dependent clause that functions as a noun, and can be the object of a verb or preposition. Some common noun clause connectors are what, when, where, why, whether, and if. The document also discusses adjective clause connectors such as that, which, and whom, and how they introduce dependent clauses that describe nouns. Examples are provided to illustrate the use of both noun clause and adjective clause connectors. The document provides information about noun clause connectors and adjective clause connectors. It defines their functions and roles in sentences, and gives examples using common connectors like what, when

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    TOEFL Meeting 7

    Uploaded by

    KASIANUS KALFINUS NDURU
    128 views22 pages
    The document discusses noun clause connectors and adjective clause connectors. It explains that noun clause connectors introduce a dependent clause that functions as a noun, and can be the object of a verb or preposition. Some common noun clause connectors are what, when, where, why, whether, and if. The document also discusses adjective clause connectors such as that, which, and whom, and how they introduce dependent clauses that describe nouns. Examples are provided to illustrate the use of both noun clause and adjective clause connectors. The document provides information about noun clause connectors and adjective clause connectors. It defines their functions and roles in sentences, and gives examples using common connectors like what, when

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    The document discusses noun clause connectors and adjective clause connectors. It explains that noun clause connectors introduce a dependent clause that functions as a noun, and can be the object of a verb or preposition. Some common noun clause connectors are what, when, where, why, whether, and if. The document also discusses adjective clause connectors such as that, which, and whom, and how they introduce dependent clauses that describe nouns. Examples are provided to illustrate the use of both noun clause and adjective clause connectors. The document provides information about noun clause connectors and adjective clause connectors. It defines their functions and roles in sentences, and gives examples using common connectors like what, when

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    128 views22 pages

    TOEFL Meeting 7

    Uploaded by

    KASIANUS KALFINUS NDURU
    The document discusses noun clause connectors and adjective clause connectors. It explains that noun clause connectors introduce a dependent clause that functions as a noun, and can be the object of a verb or preposition. Some common noun clause connectors are what, when, where, why, whether, and if. The document also discusses adjective clause connectors such as that, which, and whom, and how they introduce dependent clauses that describe nouns. Examples are provided to illustrate the use of both noun clause and adjective clause connectors. The document provides information about noun clause connectors and adjective clause connectors. It defines their functions and roles in sentences, and gives examples using common connectors like what, when

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    TOEFL Preparation

    Meeting 7
    SKILL 7: NOUN CLAUSE CONNECTORS
     NCC is a clause that functions as a noun

     NCC has two functions:

     1. As an object of a verb (if it follows a VERB)


     2. As an object of a preposition
    (if it follows a PREPOSITION)
    1. As an object of a verb (if it follows a VERB)

     I don’t know
     Why did she like facebook?

    I don’t know why she liked facebook


    S + V NOUN CLAUSE AS
    OBJECT OF VERB

     I am wondering
     How long have you lived in Tangerang

    I am wondering how long you have lived in Tangerang


    Noun clause as object of a verb
    2. As an object of a preposition
    (if it follows a PREPOSITION)

     I am thinking about
     Who did she love a lot?

    I am thinking about Who she loved a lot?


    S +V NOUN CLAUSE AS OBJECT OF
    PREPOSITION

     I am thinking about
     Why did he say such things?
    I am thinking about why he said such things
    Example:

    The citizens worry about ____ is doing.


     
    (A) what the government
    (B) the government
    (C) what
    (D) what the government it
    NOUN CLAUSE CONNECTORS

     What  Who
     When  Why
     Where  Whether / If

    S V noun S V
    c. connector
    Sally explained why she did it
    Exercise 7
    C 1. It is unfortunate that the meal is not ready yet
    ______

    I 2. She told me when should pick her up


    ______

    ______ 3. The instructor explained where was the computer lab located

    ______ 4. We could not believe what he did to us

    ______ 5. Do you want to know if it going to rain tomorrow

    ______ 6. We never know whether we will get paid or not

    ______ 7. This evening you can decide what do you want to do

    ______ 8. The manager explained how wanted the worked done

    ______ 9. The map showed where the party would be held

    ______ 10. Can you tell me why was the mail not delivered today
    SKILL 8:

    NOUN CLAUSE CONNECTOR / SUBJECTS


    • In skill 7 NCC is used to introduce noun clause
    • NCC is not just a connector but also a subject of the clause at
    the same time
    • NCC/subjects have two functions:

    1. As an object of a verb (if it follows a VERB)


    2. As an object of a preposition
    (if it follows a PREPOSITION)
    1. As an object of a verb (if it follows a VERB)

    • I know what happened yesterday


    noun clause as object of verb

    • I know what happened yesterday


    S V
    2. As an object of a preposition
    (if it follows a PREPOSITION)

     We are thinking about what happened yesterday


    noun clause as object of preposition

     We are thinking about what happened yesterday


    S V
    Example

    The company was prepared for ________ happened


    with the economy.

    (A) it
    (B) the problem
    (C) what
    (D) When
    NOUN CLAUSE CONNECTOR/SUBJECTS

    WHO WHAT WHICH

    S V noun clause V
    connector/Subject

    Al told me what happened


    Exercise 8
    C 1. The teacher heard who answered the questions
    ______

    I 2. I do not understand what it went wrong


    ______

    ______ 3. Of the three movies, I can’t decide which is the best

    ______ 4. She did not remember who in her class

    ______ 5. No one is sure what did it happen in front of the building

    ______ 6. We found out which was her favorite type of candy

    ______ 7. Do you know what caused the plants to die

    ______ 8. I am not sure which it is the most important course in the program

    ______ 9. We thought about who would be the best vice president

    ______ 10. She saw what in the box in the closet


    TOEFL Exercise (Skill 7-8)

    1. Today, the true story of _____ at Little Bighorn remains a


    mystery.
    (A) Happened 4. No single factor explains why _____
    (B) it happened vary so greatly among individuals.
    (C) what happened (A) aging affects
    (D) what happening (B) the effects of aging
      (C) aging has an effect
    2. For more than a decade, ____ that certain species are (D) the aging effect
    becoming scarce.  
    (A) the warnings of bird-watchers 5. Lack of clarity about ____ the party
    (B) warn the bird-watchers in the coming year will be removed
    (C) birdwatchers have warned at the party’s convention.
    (D) a warning for bird-watchers (A) will lead
      (B) lead
    3. Early in the eighteenth century, (C) they will lead
    Halley accurately predicted when ____ of 1682 (D) who will lead
    would return.  
    (A) the comet
    (B) was the comet
    (C) the comet was
    (D) had the comet
    6. We do not ____ the bow drill was first developed for
    woodworking or fire making.
    (A) whether it
    (B) know whether it  9. The National Institute of Dental Research
    (C) know whether estimates _____ in fluoridated areas have
    (D) sure whether about 25 percent less tooth decay
      than children elsewhere.
    7. Minute Man National Historical Park is a monument to (A) for school children
    where _____ (B) school children’s
    (A) the beginning of the Revolutionary War (C) that school children
    (B) in the beginning of the Revolutionary War (D) that for school children
    (C) the Revolutionary War to begin  
    (D) the Revolutionary War began 10. The process of photosynthesis explains
      how ____ able to use the energy in
    8. Tests on the colors of cars were conducted sunlight to manufacture foods from
    at the University of California to determine the simple chemicals in air and water.
    _____ the safest colors for cars. (A) green plants
    (A) which (B) green plants are
    (B) which were (C) planting greens
    (C) if (D) with green plants are
    (D) how were
     
    SKILL 9: ADJECTIVE CLAUSE CONNECTORS
     An adjective clause describes a noun. Because the clause is

    an adjective, it is positioned directly after the noun that it


    describes.

    This is the house that I want to buy


    Adjective clause

    The house that I want to buy is quite expensive


    Adjective clause
    Example

    The job …….. Started yesterday was rather difficult

    (A) When
    (B) Was
    (C) after
    (D) that he
    Charts Lists

    Adjective Clause Connectors


    whom which that
    (for people) (for things) (for people or thing)

    S V Adjective clause connector S V


    I Like the dress you are wearing
    that

    S Adjective clause connector S V V


    The dress you are wearing is beautiful
    that
    Exercise 9

    __C__ 1. I did not believe the story that he told me

    __I __ 2. Ms. Brown, whom did you recommend for the job,
    will start work tomorrow

    ______ 3. The lecture notes which lent me were not clearly written
    ______ 4. Sally has an appointment with the hairdresser whom you
    recommended

    ______ 5. The phone number that you gave me

    ______ 6. She is able to solve all the problems which did she cause

    ______ 7. The day that she spent on the beach left her sunburned
    ______ 8. Next week I am going to visit my cousins, whom have no seen in
    several years

    ______ 9. Did you forget the promise whom you made?


    ______ 10. The teacher whom the students like the most is their history
    teacher

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