Unit 3: Human Person As Embodied Spirit

Unit 3: Human
Person As
Embodied
Spirit
Lesson 5
What Makes Man Limited And Possible
Outline:
1. What Makes Man Limited
2. What Makes Man Open For
Possibilities
3. What Makes Man Transcendent
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1. What Makes Man
Limited
Man is composed of a material component.
What Makes Man Limited
✦ Man is a corporeal reality as a material
being.
✦ The body is what makes man material
and corporeal.
✦ Considered as vegetative organism and a
sentient organism
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VEGITATIVE ORGANISM SENTIENT ORGANISM
 Man is like plants.  Man is like animals.
 Subject to nutrition, growth and  They have sense of knowledge and
reproduction. appetency.
 Plants feed, grow, and propagate. It is  The capacity to feel and experience
basic activities to human life. pleasure and pain.
 Plants don’t experience sensation.  Animals have no emotions but
They only grow. experiences pleasure and pain.
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2. What Makes
Man Open for
Possibilities
“Man is a rational animal.”
- Aristotle
What Makes Man Open For Possibilities
✦ Man is similar with animals in sense of experience.
✦ They feel pain and pleasure.
✦ Rationality makes man transcend this vegetative
and sentient aspect and open for possibilities.
✦ Rationality is the ability to think and reason out.
✦ Man is not just a material component but rather he is
also composed of a non material aspect, and it is
because of his rationality. This rationality is what
differentiates us from other creatures, from animals.
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“ I think, therefore, I am.
-RENE DESCARTES
✦ We live in an Anthropocene
world.
✦ Humans can control the
world through the use of
technology.
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Rationality
Man is also composed of a non-material aspect,
his rationality. This is our difference from other
creatures.
✦ Only man has oral and written language.
✦ He can build institutions to cater his own
nature.
Man is open to the world, and not limited to any
particular environment for his experience and
behavior.
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What makes man spiritual or
non-material
His intellect, capacity to know, will, capacity to
choice and to decide is what makes man spiritual or
non-material.
✦ The human intellect is capable of knowing reality.
✦ The human will too strives towards the good.
✦ The human will is free because it strives towards
the good.
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MATERIAL AND NON MATERIAL
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3. What Makes Man
Transcendent ?
His being non-material or being a first person
perspective.
What Makes Man Transcendent ?
✦ The non-material aspect of man speaks of man’s
subjectivity. Man is considered as a subject. A
person is an individual being. An individual being
is a being which is one in itself and distinct from
all other beings.
✦ A spirit exists not only in itself (it is a substance), and

for itself (it is self-conscious), but also by itself (it posits
itself). Spirit is essentially self-knowledge, self-volition,
self-consciousness, and self-position. It is EGO, or I.
The person is not essentially biological, but also
spiritual, not in the sense of being religious, but rather
being immaterial.
13
✦ Consciousness means active self-identity. The "I" is
essentially active self-identity. This takes the forms of
self-affirmation. I am I. This is the most fundamental
affirmation, to which all other affirmations owe their
servitude.
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✦ According to Niestche, we are ubermensch, the superman, not in the
sense of comic hero or film hero, but as person endowed with reason
and passion to choose whatever goal or purpose the person has.
✦ This is what we mean by

existentialism. We are free to
choose whatever we want to
choose in spite of our limitations
and weaknesses. This kind of
transcendence is what will
separate us from the rest of other
creatures.
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Now, what is important is to recognize all these limitations and
possibilities. This is what we call as self awareness. Self-
awareness is the capacity to recognize our own limitations and
possibilities. Self awareness refers also to be conscious of our
subjectivity and individuality. Self awareness is to look at
oneself, of being a person.
“As long as we are aware, we are alive, and as long as we are

alive we choose to be or not to be and the rest will be history.”
- Sir JB
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Lesson 6
The Human Body
Outline:
1. The Body As Finite
2. The Body As Both Intermediary And
Intersubjective
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The Body As Finite: What
Makes the Body Limited
Man’s bodily existence is an existence in a
two-fold dimension:
Spatial Being Temporal Being
✦ A man is bounded by ✦ A man is limited by
space and cannot time.
occur in two places ✦ Time is also
at the same time. subjective.
The subjective experience of the place and time

is what makes it transcendent.
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The Body As Both Intermediary
And Intersubjective
Body as Obstacle Body as Bridge

The body serves not The body serves as a
only as a bridge towards “medium” towards the
the reality, but also an world, a medium of
obstacle towards the expression and
world because it has relationship in the
limitations.. world.
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The Body As Both Intermediary And Intersubjective
My body cannot exist apart from the world
✦ Man is a situated being since man has a body in
which it is situated in the world.
✦ You can have a sense experience in the world
through your body.
✦ Our situation is dependent on our body.
✦ The subjectivity is what gives meaning to our
reality.
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✦ HELEN KELLER ✦ NICK VUJECIC
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Thanks!
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Unit 3: Human Person As Embodied Spirit

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Unit 3: Human Person As Embodied Spirit

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Unit 3: Human

✦ A spirit exists not only in itself (it is a substance), and

✦ This is what we mean by

“As long as we are aware, we are alive, and as long as we are

The subjective experience of the place and time

Body as Obstacle Body as Bridge

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