Eastern Star Academy, Inc.

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Grade Level: Grade 12 Learning Modality: Modular Distance Learning

Subject: DISS Subject Teacher: Cindy F. Apuya, LPT

Discipline and Ideas in Social Science

Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs):
1. Differentiate the nature and functions of Social Science disciplines with the natural sciences
and humanities
Duration: Week 1 (August 31 to September 4), 3 hours

Nature and Function of Social Science

Learning objectives:
1. Define Social Sciences as the study of society
2. Distinguishes Social and Natural Sciences and Humanities
3. Differentiate the nature and functions of Social Science disciplines with the natural sciences
and humanities

INTRODUCTION
Social sciences until the early nineteenth century were really part of philosophy. However,
as countries like the United States, France Germany and the UK moved from being agricultural to
industrial societies there was a greater need to address the problems and issues that came about
from this change. This led to a number of disciplines like sociology, economics and psychology
separating out. To take sociology as an example, the Penguin Dictionary of
Sociology (Abercrombie et al. 2000) points out that sociology literally means ‘the study of the
processes of companionship’. Although people have always been interested in how their society
worked the actual term ’sociology’ was first publicly used by Auguste Comte in 1838. According to
Abercrombie et al. (2000).
Many of these issues are very similar to those faced in the early twentieth century by
countries like China and India as they become industrial nations.
This approach to social science is referred to as positivism and seeks to develop general
laws to explain how societies work. This approach has been subject to different sorts of criticism.
In particular there is a lot of debate within the social sciences as to whether it is possible to explain
events or whether a more realistic goal is to try and arrive at a more rounded understanding.
Another important criticism has been that positivism does not really take into account the
intentions or motivations of individuals.
One really fascinating aspect of the social sciences is that we are all social scientists – we
have to be to manage our everyday encounters with other people. Just walking down a busy street
requires a high level of understanding of what people are likely to do.
 I. DISCOVER
ACTIVITY 1 – IRF (INITIAL)
IRF Worksheet
Initial Answer

Revised Answer

Final Answer

II. DISCUSS

Social Science

The scientific study of human society and social relationships.

A major category of academic disciplines, concerned with society and the
relationships among individuals within a society.

History of Social Science

The history of the social sciences begins in the Age of Enlightenment after 1650.
The social sciences developed from the sciences (experimental and applied), or the
systematic knowledge-bases or prescriptive practices, relating to the social improvement
of a group of interacting entities.
Social science was influenced by positivism. Auguste Comte used the term "science
sociale" to describe the field, taken from the ideas of Charles Fourier; Comte also
referred to the field as social physics.
The term "social science" may refer either to the specific sciences of society
established by thinkers such as Comte, Durkheim, Marx, and Weber, or more generally
to all disciplines outside of "noble science" and arts

Humanities
Are academic discipline that study the human condition, using methods that are primarily
analytical, critical or speculative. (Ancient and modern languages, visual and performing
arts, theatre Arts, literature, history, philosophy, religion)

Natural Science
A branch of science that seeks to elucidate the rules that govern the natural world by
using the Empirical and Scientific method. (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Earth science)

DISCIPLINE IN SOCIAL SCIENCES

ANTHROPOLOGY
 is the study of humans, past and present.
Its present use first appeared in Renaissance Germany in the works of Magnus
Hundt and Otto Casmann.
Their New Latin anthropologia derived from the combining forms of the Greek
words ánthrōpos ("human") and lógos ("study")

ECONOMICS
it's the study of scarcity, the study of how people use resources, or the study of
decision-making.
The discipline was renamed in the late 19th century primarily due to Alfred Marshall
from "political economy" to "economics" as a shorter term for "economic science".
Two groups, later called "mercantilists" and "physiocrats", more directly influenced
the subsequent development of the subject.
Adam Smith is widely regarded as the father of modern economics. He wrote the
book intitled "The Wealth of Nations,"

GEOGRAPHY
is the study of places and the relationships between people and their
environments.
Geography (from Greek geographia, literally "earth description".
The first person to use the word "γεωγραφία" was Eratosthenes (276– 194 BC).

HISTORY
is the study of the past as it is described in written documents. Events occurring
before written record are considered prehistory.
History (from Greek historia, meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by
investigation")
Herodotus, a 5th-century BC Greek historian is considered within the Western
tradition to be the "father of history".

LINGUISTICS
the scientific study of language and its structure.
The earliest activities in the documentation and description of language have been
attributed to the 4th century BCE Indian grammarian Pāṇini, who wrote a formal
description of the Sanskrit language in his Aṣṭādhyāyī.

POLITICAL SCIENCE
the branch of knowledge that deals with systems of government; the analysis of
political activity and behavior.

DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

ARISTOTLE
--Wrote “Politics” the first systematic work on political affairs.
--Father of Political Science

NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI
--Wrote “The Prince”, a handbook for rulers in the art of government.
--Father of Modern Political Science

PROF. FRANCIS LIEBER

--Wrote “Manual of Political Ethics ” the first systematic teatise in political science
 PSYCHOLOGY
is the science of behavior and mind.

WILHELM WUNDT
⚫ He is referred to as the “father of psychology” because in 1879 he started the
first laboratory in psychology for studying humans.

SOCIOLOGY
the study of the development, structure, and functioning of human society.

AUGUSTE COMTE
⚫ Father of Sociology
⚫ Coined the term Sociology

FR.VALENTIN MARIN
⚫ Know as the father of Sociology in the Philippines.

DEMOGRAPHY
the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease,
which illustrate the changing structure of human populations.

THOMAS MALTHUS
⚫ Is often regarded as the father of demography, the study of population.
⚫ Malthus looked at the rate of population growth and conclude that food
production could not possibly increase fast enough to be sufficient.

III. DEEPEN
A. ACTIVITY 2 – IRF (REVISED)
IRF Worksheet
Initial Answer

Revised Answer

Final Answer

B. Write True if the statement is correct and False if not.

______ 1. Social science can be used to study and understand society.
______ 2. Socialization affects the overall cultural practices of a society, but it does not shape
one’s self-image.
______ 3. Most social scientists believe heredity is the most important factor influencing
human development
______ 4. Social sciences perspective can be used to address issue or problem.
______ 5. Society refers to a group of people who share a culture and a territory.
C. Answer the following questions comprehensively. (Note: Make your own words, do not copy
the answer from the module) (3 pts each)

1. How does social science related to society? _____________________________________

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2. What are the roles of social science in the society? _______________________________
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3. How do you use the social science in your daily living? ____________________________
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4. What is social sciences and how can it be used to study and understand society? _______
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5. How natural science can be used in our daily lives? _______________________________
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6. How can humanities be applied to our daily living? ________________________________
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7. Do you find History useful to your daily lives? Why did you say so? ___________________

IV. DEMONSTRATE
Great Ideas! Make a slogan showing the relation of Social Science in the community.
Attach the slogan you made when you submit the module. Good luck ☺

JOURNAL
Name: __________________________ Topic: _____________________________
Subject: _________________________ Week #: ____________________
Write your realization, understandings, and all things you’ve learned and experienced in
accomplishing the module. Write legibly.
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Parent’s/ Guardian’s Signature: __________________

Teacher’s Feedback:
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