Gas and Smoke Detection

With SMS Notification

SUBMITTED BY:
VIKRAM KUMAR SINGH(18BEL1066)
KOTTE SAI CHARAN(18BEL1068)
PANASA SWATHI(19BEL8010)
LITERATURE REVIEW:
1. Authors-Ankit Sood, Babalu Sonkar, Atul Ranjan, Ameer Faisal
“Microcontroller Based LPG Gas Leakage Detector Using GSM Module,International Journal of Electrical and Electronics
Research,Month: April-2015.
2. Authors- Alan M John, Bhavesh Purbia, Ankit Sharma, Mrs. A.S Udapurkar, “ LPG/CNG Gas Leakage Detection System ”,
International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering,, May 2017
3. Authors-Luay Friwan, Khaldon Lweesy , Aya Bani-Salma , Nour Mani.
“A Home Safety Gas Leakage Detection System”, IEEE 2011.
4. Authors-Vashudev Yadav, Akhilesh Shukla, Sofia Bandra, Vipin Kumar, Ubais Ansari, Suraj Khanna
“A Review on Microcontroller Based LPG Gas Leakage Detector” Journal of VLSI Design and Signal processing.
CONCLUSION
All the aforesaid research papers have emphasised on the need for a gas detection device which can alert the surrounding
humans of imminent danger and take necessary safety measures. The use of LPG based cooking methods have been rising
and this has also made such detection devices necessary for all households as well as small scale industries and food
outlets. The devices available in markets are a bit expensive and a cost effective model will be extremely viable for middle
class and rural households.
LITERATURE REVIEW:
• From the beginning of recorded history people have learned that early response to fires had positive results in controlling those fires. When
someone discovered a fire the fire brigades and fire departments were alerted by roving watchmen using hand bell-ringers or church
sextons ringing church bells or factory steam whistles. Unfortunately, these systems did not provide very much detail and often directed the
fire department to the wrong location. But with the advent of the telegraph, invented in the early 1840ís by Samuel F. B. Morse, firefighters
were given a faster and more accurate fire reporting system.
• In 1847, New York became the first American city to begin construction of a municipal fire alarm system required by ordinance to construct
a line of telegraph, by setting posts in the ground, for communicating alarms of fire from the City Hall to different fire stations, and to
instruct the different bell-ringers in the use of said invention.
• The Automatic Fire Alarm Telegraph is operated by any dangerous Heat, and detects the presence of fire at its commencement. The
apparatus, usually set at 125 Fahrenheit, is placed on the ceiling at regular intervals in every room, office, closet, and elevator in the Building
the alarm is given directly to the Insurance patrol and fire department. It tells the exact location of the fire to the companies before they
leave their station, giving the particular building and floor. Each instrument performs the service of a constant, vigilant watchman, ready to
act in time of danger in every part of the building.
• Fire and smoke spread within the building can be affected by various factors such as the geometry, dimension, layout and usage of the
building. In order to provide fire protection in the building, it is very important to detect fire at its early stage. The most common fire and
smoke detection methods include the use of point type detectors (i.e. ionization smoke detectors, photoelectric detectors, heat detectors),
line type detectors etc. These detection methods based on the use of fire signatures such smoke and heat.
• Fire is a chemical reaction known as combustion. It is defined by the rapid oxidation of a combustible material accompanied by release of
energy in the form of heat. In order for ignition to occur, the presence of both a fuel and a heat energy source is required. When the two
come together, with the appropriate proportions, either by a lack of separation or by some type of active interaction, a fire occurs.
INTRODUCTION
 LPG gas leakage and resulting tragedies is a major problem with
industrial sector, residential areas and food outlets in cities.
 One of the preventive methods to stop accidents related with the gas
leakage is to install a gas leakage detection device at permeable
places.
 The aim of this project is to develop such a device that can
automatically detect such leakages and alert the humans present
nearby so that any imminent catastrophic events can be safely
avoided.
OBJECTIVES:
• The project is also been designed to be further working vision using minimum hardware at the lower level of
processing. These systems are directed at specific applications.
• Our objective is to design a fire and smoke detection and prevention system that would fulfil the following:
• To prevent fire and smoke hazards.
• To sound the alarm if fire occurs.
• To run the emergency EXIT servo motor and control the fire by supplying water to the remote area by motor
pump.
• To indicate the state of the room as ‘Safe’ in order to avoid any confusion under normal condition. So the
system should never be in any ambiguous state.
COMPONENTS REQUIRED
• Arduino Uno,
• SIM900D GSM Shield
• MQ 2 Gas and MQ 3Smoke sensor
• 16x2 LCD
• Buzzer
• 1K resistor
• Virtual Terminal in proteus
ABOUT COMPONENTS
• SIM900 GSM/GPRS shield is a GSM modem, which can be integrated into a great number of IoT
projects. You can use this shield to accomplish almost anything a normal cell phone can; SMS text
messages, Make or receive phone calls, connecting to internet through GPRS, TCP/IP, and more! To
top it off, the shield supports quad-band GSM/GPRS network, meaning it works pretty much
anywhere in the world.

• Virtual Terminal is a tool in Proteus, which is used to view data coming from SERIAL Port (DB9) and
also used to send the data to Serial Port.

• Virtual Terminal in Proteus is used to send or receive data to or from a serial port. Serial port is a 9
pin port which is mostly find on the computers and is used in Embedded system projects for data
communication. Normally in student projects, data is sent from hardware to computer via serial port
and then user design some application on their computer to view that data in some represent-able
form.
ABOUT COMPONENTS
• MQ2 is one of the commonly used gas sensors in MQ sensor series. It is a Metal Oxide
Semiconductor (MOS) type Gas Sensor also known as Chemiresistors as the detection is
based upon change of resistance of the sensing material when the Gas comes in contact
with the material. Using a simple voltage divider network, concentrations of gas can be
detected.
• MQ2 Gas sensor works on 5V DC and draws around 800mW. It can
detect LPG, Smoke, Alcohol, Propane, Hydrogen, Methane and Carbon Monoxide concentr
ations anywhere from 200 to 10000ppm.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
WHILE SIMULATING
REFERENCE LINKS
• https://www.projectsof8051.com/arduino-based-lpg-leakage-detector
-with-sms-indication-using-gsm-modem/
• https://www.electronicsforu.com/electronics-
projects/lpg-leakage-detector-low-cost
• https://maker.pro/arduino/projects/lpg-gas-leakage-detector-using-
arduino#:~:text=When%20Arduino%20receives%20a%20HIGH,the
%20gas%20in%20the%20environment.
THANK YOU