Ch04 7ed
Ch04 7ed
Ch04 7ed
A block of
plaintext is
treated as a Typically a block
whole and used size of 64 or 128
to produce a bits is used
ciphertext block
of equal length
The majority of
As with a stream network-based
cipher, the two symmetric
users share a cryptographic
symmetric applications make
encryption key use of block
ciphers
Diffusion
• The statistical structure of the plaintext is dissipated into long-range statistics of the
ciphertext
• This is achieved by having each plaintext digit affect the value of many ciphertext
digits
Confusion
• Seeks to make the relationship between the statistics of the ciphertext and the value
of the encryption key as complex as possible
• Even if the attacker can get some handle on the statistics of the ciphertext, the way in
which the key was used to produce that ciphertext is so complex as to make it difficult
to deduce the key
DES
Example
(Table can be found on
page 132 in textbook)
Note: DES subkeys are shown as eight 6-bit values in hex format
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Table 4.3 Avalanche Effect in DES: Change in Plaintext
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Table 4.4 Avalanche Effect in DES: Change in Key
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Table 4.5
Average Time Required for Exhaustive Key Search