Systems FOR Enclosing Buildings: Group 2 0 4 - 2 9 - 2 0 2 1

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SYSTEMS

FOR
ENCLOSING
BUILDINGS
GROUP 2

04-29-2021
Systems for
Enclosing
Buildings
• Buildings are given an enclosure around their
exterior so that the desired internal environment can
be maintained while outside weather is excluded.

• The exterior enclosure consists of vertical


walls and a roof, either of which may be
punctured by such building components.

Doors Light
Windows Ventilation
Ventilators For access
Other alternatives, though, are
possible and have been used, such as
a barrel arch or a dome, integrating
walls and roof. Thus, a roof system
and a wall system may be separate
systems, physically independent of
each other, or indistinguishable parts
of a single enclosure system
ROOFS
• A roof is the uppermost portion of a building constructed for the purposes of separating the
building interior from the outdoors and excluding exterior environmental conditions from the
interior.
• While walls are vertical or nearly so, roofs may be horizontal or inclined at an angle considerably
less than 90° with the horizontal.
MAJOR CONCERN IN DESIGN OF ROOFS

Provision of a capability for supporting snow loads. This type of loading rarely is of concern in
wall design, because in this case, too, verticality aids shedding of snow. For both roofs and
walls,
wind loads are an important design concern, but roofs usually also have to be designed to
support some live loads, because people may have to walk on them.
Roof Components
 Verge
 Eaves
 Ridge
 Downspout
 Gable  Purlins
 Verge
 Flashing  Fascia Board
 Battens
 Hip  Roof Gutter  Pitch
Samples of different
types of roofs:

Which are predominantly


medium-life assets with
service lives ranging
from 20-30 years. The
single exception is this
set is the sloped metal
roofs which are a long-
life asset.
Solar tiles Rubber
slate

Metal roofing
9 different types of Asphalt
Green roofs

roofing materials shingles Clay and


concrete
Stone-coated
tiles 
steel
Built-up
Slate roofing
10 basic types of exterior wall

synthetic or
Masonry fiber cement
stucco (brick or vinyl (planks or
artificial stucco
stone) panels)
wood
metal
poured (shingles, tile
concrete (steel or
shakes or
aluminum) (slate or clay)
planks)
Wall Systems: Exterior Wall Types
• also known as a screen or drained wall system. This wall type is the
Cavity Wall most common in most climatic and rainfall zones, for two main reasons:
the pressure equalization that can be obtained, and the ability to endure
bulk rainwater penetration.

• A barrier wall is any exterior wall system that depends on a


weathertight outermost surface and construction joints to resist bulk
Barrier Wall rainwater penetration and moisture ingress. This type of wall is
usually associated with precast concrete panels, composite and solid
metal plate exterior cladding, and exterior insulation finishing
systems (EIFS).
• Mass walls can be considered the opposite of cavity
Mass Wall walls: they rely on a combination of wall thickness,
storage capacity, and bonding between masonry units
 to resist bulk rainwater. 

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