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    Displacement Thickness and Momentum Thickness

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    Haroon Rasheed

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    Displacement Thickness and Momentum Thickness

    Uploaded by

    Haroon Rasheed
    114 views11 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    114 views11 pages

    Displacement Thickness and Momentum Thickness

    Uploaded by

    Haroon Rasheed

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    1

    Displacement Thickness
    &
    Momentum Thickness
    Group Members
    GC Jabran Naveed Cheema
    GC Haroon ur Rashid
    GC Bilal Masood
    NS Ashir Azeem
    Boundary 2

    Layers
    A boundary layer is the layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface where

    the effects of viscosity are significant.


    Boundary layer equations represent a significant simplification over the full Navier-Stokes
    3
    equations in a boundary layer region.
    For simplicity, we determine equations for steady, incompressible, uniform flow over a flat
    plate. The equations for flow over curved surfaces, and for non-uniform flow, differ only
    slightly. The equations for compressible boundary layers are somewhat more complex than
    the incompressible equations; we will not consider them here.

    There are three main definitions of boundary layers :

    1. Boundary layer thickness

    2. Displacement thickness

    3. Momentum thickness
    4

    Assumptions
    The boundary layer equations require several assumptions about the flow in the boundary layer .

    1. All of the viscous effects of the flow field are confined to the boundary layer, adjacent to the wall .

    Outside of the boundary layer, viscous effects are not important, so that flow can be determined by in viscid

    solutions such as potential flow or Euler equations.

    2.The viscous layer is thin compared to the wall.

    3.The boundary conditions of the boundary layer region are the no-slip condition at the wall, and the free-

    stream condition at infinity:


    5
    Boundary Layer Thickness

     δ(x) is the boundary layer thickness when u(y) =0.99V

     V is the free-stream velocity


     The purpose of the boundary layer is to allow the fluid to change its velocity from the
    upstream value of V to zero on the surface
    Displacement Thickness 6

     There is a reduction in the flow rate due  This is equivalent to having a


    to the presence of the boundary layer theoretical boundary layer with zero
    flow
    7
    Because of the velocity deficit, within the boundary layer, the flow rate across section b–b is less than
    that across section a–a. However, if we displace the plate at section a–a by an appropriate amount the
    boundary layer displacement thickness, the flow rates across each section will be identical.

    Mathematically :

    Where b is plate width


    Momentum Thickness 8

     Momentum thickness is a measure of the boundary layer thickness.

     It is defined as the distance by which the boundary should be displaced to compensate for the

    reduction in momentum of the flowing fluid on account of boundary layer formation

     The momentum thickness, symbolized by Ө is the distance that, when multiplied by the

    square of the free-stream velocity, equals the integral of the momentum defect, across the

    boundary layer.
    9
    It is often used when determining the drag on an object. Again because of the velocity deficit U-u, in
    the boundary layer, the momentum flux across section b–b in Fig. 9.8 is less than that across section
    a–a. This deficit in momentum flux for the actual boundary layer flow on a plate of width b is given
    by
    10
    Mathematically :

    which by definition is the momentum flux in a layer of uniform speed U and thickness Ө.That is,
    11

    Thank You

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