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    Examination of An Ulcer

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    Mahaprasad sahoo 77
    This document provides information about examining ulcers. It defines an ulcer as a break in epithelial tissue due to cell death. It describes the parts of an ulcer including the margin, edge, and floor. It discusses different types of edges seen in various ulcers. Ulcers are classified clinically as spreading, healing, non-healing, or callous based on characteristics of the edge and floor. Pathological classifications include carcinomatous, rodent, and melanotic ulcers. A full examination of an ulcer involves assessing these features and taking a thorough medical history from the patient.

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    Examination of An Ulcer

    Uploaded by

    Mahaprasad sahoo 77
    116 views27 pages
    This document provides information about examining ulcers. It defines an ulcer as a break in epithelial tissue due to cell death. It describes the parts of an ulcer including the margin, edge, and floor. It discusses different types of edges seen in various ulcers. Ulcers are classified clinically as spreading, healing, non-healing, or callous based on characteristics of the edge and floor. Pathological classifications include carcinomatous, rodent, and melanotic ulcers. A full examination of an ulcer involves assessing these features and taking a thorough medical history from the patient.

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    Ulcer

    Original Title

    EXAMINATION OF AN ULCER

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    This document provides information about examining ulcers. It defines an ulcer as a break in epithelial tissue due to cell death. It describes the parts of an ulcer including the margin, edge, and floor. It discusses different types of edges seen in various ulcers. Ulcers are classified clinically as spreading, healing, non-healing, or callous based on characteristics of the edge and floor. Pathological classifications include carcinomatous, rodent, and melanotic ulcers. A full examination of an ulcer involves assessing these features and taking a thorough medical history from the patient.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    116 views27 pages

    Examination of An Ulcer

    Uploaded by

    Mahaprasad sahoo 77
    This document provides information about examining ulcers. It defines an ulcer as a break in epithelial tissue due to cell death. It describes the parts of an ulcer including the margin, edge, and floor. It discusses different types of edges seen in various ulcers. Ulcers are classified clinically as spreading, healing, non-healing, or callous based on characteristics of the edge and floor. Pathological classifications include carcinomatous, rodent, and melanotic ulcers. A full examination of an ulcer involves assessing these features and taking a thorough medical history from the patient.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    EXAMINATION OF

    AN ULCER
    BY- DR JAGADANANDA MISHRA, MS
    HEAD OF DEPARTMENT, GENERAL SURGERY
    IMS AND SUM HOSPITAL
    ULCER: DEFINITION

     A BREAK IN THE CONTINUITY OF COVERING


    EPITHELIUM, EITHER SKIN OR MUCOUS MEMBRANE
    DUE TO MOLECULAR OR CELL DEATH
    WOUND: DEFINITION

     DISRUPTION
    OF ANY TISSUE, SOFT TISSUE OR BONE OR
    INTERNAL ORGANS, STRUCTURALLY OR
    FUNCTIONALLY.
     ULCER IS A TYPE OF WOUND.
    PARTS OF AN ULCER:

     MARGIN- THE PERIPHERAL LIMIT OF THE ULCER


    MAYBE REGULAR OR IRREGULAR, ROUNDED OR OVAL

     EDGE-
    IS THE ONE WHICH CONNECTS FLOOR OF THE
    ULCER TO THE MARGIN
    DIFFERENT TYPES OF EDGE:

     SLOPING EDGE:

    SEEN IN HEALING ULCER; INNER PART IS RED AND


    CONTAINS GRANULATION TISSUE, MIDDLE PART IS WHITE
    DUE TO SCAR/FIBROUS TISSUE; OUTER PART IS BLUE DUE
    TO EPITHELIAL PROLIFERATION
     UNDERMINED EDGE:

    SEEN IN TUBERCULAR ULCER;

    DISEASE PROCESS ADVANCES IN SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE


    WHEREAS EPIDERMIS PROLIFERATES IN WOUND.
     PUNCHED OUT EDGE:

    SEEN IN GUMMATOUS ULCER AND TROPHIC ULCERS;


    IT IS DUE TO ENDARTERITIS
     RAISED AND BEADED EDGE:

    (PEARLY WHITE), IS SEEN IN RODENT ULCER(BASAL CELL


    CARCINOMA); BEADS ARE DUE TO PROLIFERATING ACTIVE
    CELLS
     EVERTED(ROLLED OUT) EDGE:

    SEEN IN CARCINOMATOUS ULCER; DUE TO SPILL OF THE


    PROLIFERATING MALIGNANT TISSUES OVER THE
    NORMAL SKIN
    FLOOR OF THE ULCER:

     IS THE AREA WHICH


    IS SEEN; MAY CONTAIN DISCHARGE,
    GRANULATION TISSUE OR SLOUGH.

    BASE OF THE ULCER:

     BASE IS THE AREA ON WHICH THE ULCER RESTS


     IT IS FELT, NOT SEEN.
    LIFE HISTORY OF AN ULCER:

    1. STAGE OF EXTENSION- INFLAMMATION SPREADS.


    2. STAGE OF TRANSITION- GRANULATION TISSUE AND
    SEROUS DISCHARGE IN THE FLOOR.
    3. STAGE OF REPAIR- FORMATION OF HEALTHY
    GRANULATION TISSUE, NEO-EPITHELIALISATION,
    FIBROSIS AND SCARING.
    TYPES OF EDGES IN ULCER:
    CLASSIFICATION OF ULCERS(CLINICAL):

    1. SPREADING
    2. HEALING
    3. NON-HEALING
    4. CALLOUS
    1. SPREADING ULCER:

     EDGE IS INFLAMMED, EDEMATOUS


     GRANULATION TISSUE IS ABSENT IN FLOOR
     PURULENT DISCHARGE WITH SLOUGH
     DRAINING LYMPH NODES MAY BE ENLARGED, TENDER.
    2. HEALING ULCER:

     SLOPINGEDGE WITH HEALTHY RED/PINK GRANULATION


    TISSUE WITH MINIMAL SEROUS DISCHARGE.
     NO SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION
     BASE IS NOT INDURATED
    3 ZONES: INNERMOST- RED,
    MIDDLE-BLUE,
    OUTER- FIBROSIS AND SCAR FORMATION
    3. NON HEALING ULCER:

     ANY ULCER WHICH DOES NOT SHOW SIGNS OF HEALING

     Eg: TROPHIC
    ULCER, TUBERCULAR ULCER,
    CARCINOMATOUS ULCER, ETC SHOWING THEIR
    CHARACTERISTICS
    4. CALLOUS ULCER:

     A CHRONIC ULCER.
     FLOOR HAS PALE, UNHEALTHY WHITISH GRANULATION
    TISSUE AND SCANTY SEROUS DISCHARGE
     BASE IS INDURATED, NON TENDER
     ULCER HAS NO TENDENCY TO HEAL
     PIGMENTATION MAY BE SEEN IN THE SURROUNDING
    AREA
    CLASSIFICATION(PATHOLOGICAL):

    1. CARCINOMATOUS ULCER
    2. RODENT ULCER
    3. MELANOTIC ULCER
    CLASSIFICATION(NON-SPECIFIC):

     TRAUMATIC
     ARTERIAL ULCERS
     VENOUS ULCERS
     NEUROPATHIC ULCERS;
    - DIABETES, HANSEN’S DISEASE,
    - TABES DORSALIS, SPINAL INJURY,ETC
     TROPHIC ULCER
     INFECTIVE ULCER
     TROPICAL ULCER
     ULCERS DUE TO FROSTBITE, CHILLBLAINS
    HISTORY TAKING OF AN ULCER:
     AGE: SOME ULCERS ARE MORE IN CERTAIN AGE GROUP
     OCCUPATION:
     PLACE:
     CHIEF COMPLAINTS:
     HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS:
    - MODE OF ONSET
    - PROGRESSION
    - DURATION
    - PAIN
    - H/O FEVER, DISCHARGE
     ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS
     PAST HISTORY, PERSONAL HISTORY, FAMILY HISTORY.
    THANK YOU

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