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    Forest and Biodiversity Final

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    Deepak Nanda
    Forests are crucial for biodiversity conservation, climate regulation, and supporting livelihoods. India's forest cover is 23.64% of its land area. Deforestation contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss. Forests are home to many species and support over 1.6 billion people. However, deforestation due to agriculture, logging, and development threatens forests. This damages ecosystems, worsens climate change, and erodes biodiversity. The government of India and environmental organizations take steps to protect forests, wildlife, and biodiversity through policies, protected areas, and conservation programs.

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    Forest and Biodiversity Final

    Uploaded by

    Deepak Nanda
    119 views29 pages
    Forests are crucial for biodiversity conservation, climate regulation, and supporting livelihoods. India's forest cover is 23.64% of its land area. Deforestation contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss. Forests are home to many species and support over 1.6 billion people. However, deforestation due to agriculture, logging, and development threatens forests. This damages ecosystems, worsens climate change, and erodes biodiversity. The government of India and environmental organizations take steps to protect forests, wildlife, and biodiversity through policies, protected areas, and conservation programs.

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    Forests are crucial for biodiversity conservation, climate regulation, and supporting livelihoods. India's forest cover is 23.64% of its land area. Deforestation contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss. Forests are home to many species and support over 1.6 billion people. However, deforestation due to agriculture, logging, and development threatens forests. This damages ecosystems, worsens climate change, and erodes biodiversity. The government of India and environmental organizations take steps to protect forests, wildlife, and biodiversity through policies, protected areas, and conservation programs.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    119 views29 pages

    Forest and Biodiversity Final

    Uploaded by

    Deepak Nanda
    Forests are crucial for biodiversity conservation, climate regulation, and supporting livelihoods. India's forest cover is 23.64% of its land area. Deforestation contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss. Forests are home to many species and support over 1.6 billion people. However, deforestation due to agriculture, logging, and development threatens forests. This damages ecosystems, worsens climate change, and erodes biodiversity. The government of India and environmental organizations take steps to protect forests, wildlife, and biodiversity through policies, protected areas, and conservation programs.

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    of 29

    FOREST &

    BIODIVERSITY
    CONSERVATION
    Kush Rai
    Deepak Nanda
    Forests
    • Total forest cover of India is 678,333
    i.e, 23.64% of total geographic area
    • Total forest cover of the world is
    31%.
    • 13 million hectares of world’s forest are lost
    each year
    • Deforestation = 15% of all greenhouse gas
    emissions globally
    • The livelihoods of 1.6 billion people depend
    on forests.
     
    • Forests provide a home to more than 300
    million people worldwide.
     
    • The total global trade in forest products was
    valued at around $379 billion in 2005.
     
    • Forests are home to 80% of terrestrial
    biodiversity
    Forest assessment report
    Importance of forests
    WATERSHED PROTECTION:
    • Forests reduce the rate of surface run-off of
    water.
    • They prevent and check flash floods and soil
    erosion.
    • They produce prolonged gradual run-off and
    hence are a safeguard against draught.
    ATMOSPHERIC REGULATION

    • Forests help in absorption of solar heat during


    evaporation and transpiration.
    • They help in maintaining carbon dioxide level
    and hence give a boost to plant growth.
    • The help in maintaining the local climatic
    conditions and hence help fight climate change
    EROSION CONTROL
    • They control the erosion of soil. They hold soil
    by preventing rain from washing and taking it
    away directly.

    LAND BANK
    • They help maintain the soil nutrients and
    structures. This way, they keep the local nature
    of soil intact and help in marinating their fertility
    naturally.
    LOCAL USE
    • Livelihood for tribal and villagers
    • Cattle grazing
    • Fuel and Charcoal
    • Wood and its Products
    • Medicinal plants
    • Rubber and other commercial products
    Causes of Deforestation
    • Used for Urban and Construction Purposes
    • To Grow Crops
    • To Create Grazing Land
    • Used for Fuel
    • Oil and mining exploitation
    • To make highways and roads
    • Wildfires and acid rain
    Effects of Deforestation
    • Erosion of Soil
    • Disruption of the Water Cycle
    • Loss of Biodiversity
    • Flooding and Drought
    • Climate Change
    Alarming Situation
    Steps taken by the Govt
    • Formulation of a National Wildlife Action Plan
    • An exercise for preparation of a National
    Forestry Action Programme
    • Establishment of National Parks and
    Sanctuaries covering about 4% of the country's
    area.
    • Eco-development plans for sanctuaries and
    National Parks
    • Management Plans for identified wetlands,
    mangrove areas and coral reefs

    • Implementation of the Forest Rights Act, 2006

    • Jairam Ramesh launches village-level Green


    India Mission

    • Identification of bio -geographical zones in the


    country for establishing a network of
    protected areas including seven Biosphere
    Reserves set up so far.
    Steps taken by WWE
    • The Amazon eco utility Project
    • The Greenpeace policy on saving forests to
    protect the climate
    • Forest Footprint Disclosure Project
    • Zero Net Deforestation
    • Sustainable forestry
    • DRC government decision to suspend oil
    exploration in world heritage site Virunga
    Upcoming Issues
    • Forest Certification
    • Industrial Logging in Tropical Forests
    • Certifying Palm Oil
    • Bio-energy
    BIODIVERSITY
    •within species
    •Number change (genetic diversity),
    •Variety one location to another •between species
    •Variability over time. (species diversity),
    • between ecosystems
    (ecosystem diversity).
    ECOSYSTEM
    Importance
    Ecosystem services
    •Soils formation and protection
    •Nutrient storage and recycling
    •Pollution breakdown and absorption
    •Contribution to climate stability
    •Maintenance of ecosystems
    •Recovery from unpredictable events
    Biological resources
    •Food
    •Medicinal resources and pharmaceutical drugs
    •Wood products
    •Ornamental plants
    •Breeding stocks, population reservoirs
    •Future resources
    Social benefits •Diversity in genes, species and ecosystems
    •Research, education and monitoring
    •Recreation and tourism
    •Cultural values
    Cause Of Depletion

    •Conversion of land to agriculture,


    •Urban sprawl & infrastructure development
    •Over-exploitation of natural resources
    Effects
    Ecological imbalance & Extinction

    •Biomagnification •Genetic pollution


    •Loss of soil fertility •Altered nutrient cycles
    •Soil and water pollution •Catastrophic event
    •Shrinking of natural habitat
    Environmental Orgs

    Conservation & Research


    Protection & restoration
    Environmental Orgs

    Conservation & Research


    Protection & restoration
    Env. Org India
    Ministry of Environment and Forests
    o Subordinate offices
    oBotanical Survey of India (BSI), Kolkata
    o Directorate of Forest Education (DFE), Dehradun
    o Forest Survey of India (FSI), Dehradun
    o Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), Dehradun
    o National Institute of Animal Welfare
    o National Zoological Park (NZP), New Delhi
    o Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Kolkata
     
    o Autonomous institutions
    o Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Delhi
    o Central Zoo Authority (CZA), New Delhi
    o NGOs
    Awaaz Foundation
    Recent Activities
    India launches major new study for valuation of its natural capital and ecosystem
    services.

    Satoyama, Convention on Biological Diversity, Nagoya.

    Taxonomy Capacity Building: Indian Initiative.

    National Biodiversity Action Plan

    India and the Convention on Biological Diversity

    Statement by Minister at the High Level Meeting of the General Assembly on


    Biodiversity

    Biodiversity Target: India's Contributions

    India's Fourth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity


    Geneva Ministerial Biodiversity Call for Immediate Action
    Namaskar - the Inflight Magazine of Air India on Biological Diversity
    Stats & Laws
    • One of the 12 mega biodiversity

    • 65 per cent of the total geographical area has been surveyed so far. over 46,000

    species of plants and 81,000 species of animals according to Botanical Survey of


    India (BSI) established in 1890

    • Conservation: 85 national parks and 448 wildlife to restore mammals i.e. tiger, lion,
    rhinoceros, crocodiles and elephants.

    •Programmes for scientific management of wetlands, mangroves and coral reef


    ecosystems.

    •33 botanical gardens 275 zoos, deer parks, safari parks and aquaria.

    •Forest Act, 1927


    •Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
    •Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
    Case Study •GEAC ,Indian ministry for
    Forest,
    MAHYCO

    •Cartagena Protocol ,Rio

    •Activists and Nature Lovers

    •Changes in feeding pattern &


    diseases

    •Resistance to Kanamycin,
    antibiotic

    •Trials discontinued
    THANK
    YOU

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