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    Class-8: Chandrayaan-2: India's Orbiter-Lander-Rover Mission

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    Shivam Kumar
    Chandrayaan-2 was India's second lunar mission, launched on July 22, 2019 with the aim of improving understanding of the Moon. It consisted of an orbiter, lander (Vikram), and rover (Pragyan). However, Vikram lander crashed on the lunar surface due to a last-minute software glitch. ISRO is now planning Chandrayaan-3, which will include a lander and rover but no orbiter, with improvements based on lessons from Chandrayaan-2.

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    Class-8: Chandrayaan-2: India's Orbiter-Lander-Rover Mission

    Uploaded by

    Shivam Kumar
    65 views16 pages
    Chandrayaan-2 was India's second lunar mission, launched on July 22, 2019 with the aim of improving understanding of the Moon. It consisted of an orbiter, lander (Vikram), and rover (Pragyan). However, Vikram lander crashed on the lunar surface due to a last-minute software glitch. ISRO is now planning Chandrayaan-3, which will include a lander and rover but no orbiter, with improvements based on lessons from Chandrayaan-2.

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    Chandrayan 2

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    Chandrayaan-2 was India's second lunar mission, launched on July 22, 2019 with the aim of improving understanding of the Moon. It consisted of an orbiter, lander (Vikram), and rover (Pragyan). However, Vikram lander crashed on the lunar surface due to a last-minute software glitch. ISRO is now planning Chandrayaan-3, which will include a lander and rover but no orbiter, with improvements based on lessons from Chandrayaan-2.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    65 views16 pages

    Class-8: Chandrayaan-2: India's Orbiter-Lander-Rover Mission

    Uploaded by

    Shivam Kumar
    Chandrayaan-2 was India's second lunar mission, launched on July 22, 2019 with the aim of improving understanding of the Moon. It consisted of an orbiter, lander (Vikram), and rover (Pragyan). However, Vikram lander crashed on the lunar surface due to a last-minute software glitch. ISRO is now planning Chandrayaan-3, which will include a lander and rover but no orbiter, with improvements based on lessons from Chandrayaan-2.

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    Science & G.

    S
    Class-8 Shivam Kumar, UPES

    Chandrayaan-2: India's
    Orbiter-Lander-Rover
    Mission
    • India’s 2nd moon mission after
    Chandrayaan-1(2008)
    • On 22nd July 2019 at 2:43 PM by GSLV
    Mk-III-M1
    INTRODUCTI • GSLV Mk-III-M1 is Geosynchronous
    ON Satellite Launch Pad
    • At Satish Dhawan Space Center
    Sriharikota (Andhra Pradesh)
    • The aim was to improve our
    understanding about Moon
    Chandrayaan means Mooncraft in Sanskrit and Hindi

    Total mission mass of 3.8 tonnes with a cost of 978 crores


    BASIC
    INFORMATI 603 crores for the spacecraft and 375 crores for the GSLV
    Mk-III
    ON It consists of an Orbiter, a Lander (Vikram) and a Rover
    (Pragyan)

    Stack was initially to put in an Earth parking orbit of 170


    km perigee and 40,400 km apogee by the launch vehicle
    WHY IT • Moon discoveries and latest inventions
    that will benefit India
    WAS • Detailed information on Moon’s
    topography
    LAUNCHED • Atmosphere and mineralogy for better
    understandings
    • Elemental abundance, the lunar
    exosphere, and signatures of hydroxyl
    and water ice there
    • The ability to soft-land and operate a
    robotic rover on the lunar surface
    Chandrayaan-
    To pursue lunar science studies

    2: Objectives Water identification/mapping

    Mapping of surface composition

    Explore in-situ lunar regolith properties at Southern latitudes

    To develop and demonstrate key technologies for end-to-end


    lunar mission capability, including soft-landing and roving on the
    lunar surface.
    About
    The SpaceCraft
    Chandrayaan-2: Launcher

    • India's Geosynchronous Satellite Launch


    Vehicle, GSLV MkIII-M1, successfully launched
    Chandrayaan-2 spacecraft on July 22, 2019
    Chandrayaan-2:
    Orbiter

    • The Orbiter will observe the lunar


    surface and relay communication
    between Earth and Chandrayaan-2's
    lander Vikram.
    Chandrayaan-2: Lander

    • Lander Vikram is designed to execute


    India's first soft landing on the lunar
    surface.
    Chandrayaan-2: Rover

    •  Rover Pragyan is a 6-wheeled, artificial


    intelligence-powered vehicle which
    translates to 'wisdom' in Sanskrit.
    Chandrayaan-2 Challenges

    LUNAR GRAVITY COSMIC RADIATION EXTREME DIFFICULT TERRAIN : TIME LAG IN


    TEMPERATURE -180 DUST, CRATERS, CONTROL 2
    TO 220 C ROCKS SECONDS

    FLYING DUST, COMMUNICATION


    CLOUDS CAMERAS WITH EARTH
    Problems Faced in the
    Mission
    PROBLEMS FACED
    • 15th July was the initial date but called off due to technical problems in fuel conductor
    • First the launch was aborted for 56 minutes and 24 seconds but then rescheduled on 22nd
    July
    • Later cited a leak in the nipple joint of Helium gas bottle as the cause of cancellation (not
    confirmed information)
    • Then the launch on 22nd July with better expected apogee as a result of the cryogenic
    upper stage being burned to depletion
    • It later eliminated the need for one of the
    PROBLEMS apogee-raising burns during the geocentric
    phase of mission
    FACED • This also resulted in the saving of around
    40 kg fuel on board the spacecraft
    • Immediately after the launch, multiple
    observations of a slow-moving bright object
    over Australia
    • This was not expected but what happened
    was not observed correctly by the experts
    Called as last-minute software glitch was the reason of
    failure

    Vikram Lander crash-landed on the moon's surface

    WHAT Vikram Lander lost control 500m short of the lunar


    surface and crashed
    HAPPENED
    The glitch was unexpected since the software was
    functioning well throughout the trial period

    Lander experienced trouble during the “fine braking”


    at the final stage
    CHANDRAYAAN 3

    • Planned third lunar exploration mission by ISRO following


    Chandrayaan-2
    • Will include only Lander and Rover, no Orbiter this time
    • 4 throttle-able engines, not like Vikram which had 5 of
    800N engines
    • This time Lander will be equipped with Laser Doppler
    Velocimeter(LDV)
    • Cost is same around as before of 615 crores for
    Chandrayaan-2

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