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    Module 8 Virtue Ethics

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    Venancio Uy
    Aristotle believed that eudaimonia, often translated as happiness, is the highest goal that humans should pursue. However, happiness for Aristotle referred to achieving one's full potential through living a virtuous life and exercising rationality, not a fleeting feeling of pleasure. The path to eudaimonia is developing virtues like courage, justice, temperance, and piety which are means between extremes. Virtues are acquired through practice and imitation over time in a social context. Virtue ethics has been criticized for potentially being too self-centered or not providing enough guidance for actions, but defenders argue it cultivates well-being and know how to act appropriately in any situation.

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    Module 8 Virtue Ethics

    Uploaded by

    Venancio Uy
    40 views31 pages
    Aristotle believed that eudaimonia, often translated as happiness, is the highest goal that humans should pursue. However, happiness for Aristotle referred to achieving one's full potential through living a virtuous life and exercising rationality, not a fleeting feeling of pleasure. The path to eudaimonia is developing virtues like courage, justice, temperance, and piety which are means between extremes. Virtues are acquired through practice and imitation over time in a social context. Virtue ethics has been criticized for potentially being too self-centered or not providing enough guidance for actions, but defenders argue it cultivates well-being and know how to act appropriately in any situation.

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    Aristotle believed that eudaimonia, often translated as happiness, is the highest goal that humans should pursue. However, happiness for Aristotle referred to achieving one's full potential through living a virtuous life and exercising rationality, not a fleeting feeling of pleasure. The path to eudaimonia is developing virtues like courage, justice, temperance, and piety which are means between extremes. Virtues are acquired through practice and imitation over time in a social context. Virtue ethics has been criticized for potentially being too self-centered or not providing enough guidance for actions, but defenders argue it cultivates well-being and know how to act appropriately in any situation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    40 views31 pages

    Module 8 Virtue Ethics

    Uploaded by

    Venancio Uy
    Aristotle believed that eudaimonia, often translated as happiness, is the highest goal that humans should pursue. However, happiness for Aristotle referred to achieving one's full potential through living a virtuous life and exercising rationality, not a fleeting feeling of pleasure. The path to eudaimonia is developing virtues like courage, justice, temperance, and piety which are means between extremes. Virtues are acquired through practice and imitation over time in a social context. Virtue ethics has been criticized for potentially being too self-centered or not providing enough guidance for actions, but defenders argue it cultivates well-being and know how to act appropriately in any situation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 31

    Aristotle

    384 BC – 322
    BC
          
    Students in flower-themed costumes perform during the street dancing competition of the 2019 Panagbenga celebration on
    Session Road in Baguio City yesterday. The grand float parade of the month-long flower festival takes place today.
    Andy Zapata Jr.
    eu ('good, well')
    daimōn ('spirit’)
     
    Wikipedia, 21 September 2020, at 16:05 (UTC)
    Flourishing
    • positive emotions
    • positive psychological
    functioning
    • positive social functioning
    • living "within an optimal range of
    human functioning.”
    • positive mental health and overall
    life well-being
    • components and concepts,
    such as cultivating strengths,
    subjective well-being, "goodness,
    generativity, growth, and resilience”
    • Flourishing is the opposite of both
    pathology and languishing

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, last edited on 25


    August 2020, at 14:18 (UTC)
    Eudaimonia is almost always translated as
    ‘happiness’, but this translation can easily give a
    misleading impression. ‘Happiness’ in English
    suggests a feeling of one kind or another, perhaps
    a feeling of contentment, or delight, or pleasure.
    Aristotle makes it quite clear that he does not have
    any such feeling in mind at all. He says that
    eudaimonia is achieving one’s full potential; and
    that surely is not simply a matter of feeling, even if
    to do so would be very satisfying. It is much more
    closely connected with what one has made of
    oneself and one’s life.
    Gerard J. Hughes, The Routledge Guidebook to Aristotle’s
    Nicomachean Ethics, 2013, p.20)
    HAPPINESS
     the highest goal that a person can
    pursue
     employs one’s rationality that sets us
    apart from the ordinary creatures
     Happiness is its own reward.
    “Happiness, on the other hand, no one
    choses for the sake of these, nor, in
    general, for anything other than itself”.
    Aristotle. 1999. Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by W. D. Ross.
    Kitchener: Batoche Books, 10.
    What is the path
    to happiness?

    The way to happiness is


    the practice of virtue.
    Virtue is the mean
    between extremes.
    Cardinal
    Virtues
    Hughes explains that the word “‘cardinal’
    from the Latin word for a hinge, since it
    was thought that all the other virtues
    hinged upon, or were dependent upon
    these four.
    See Hughes, Gerard J. 2013. The Routledge Guidebook to
    Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 56.

    COURAGE JUSTICE TEMPERANCE PIETY


    Virtue Acquisition
    through practice; a social
    process

    imitating those who


    are successful in our
    society
    Criticisms of Virtue
    Ethics
    Self-Centeredness
    Virtue ethics, according to this objection, is
    self-centered because its primary concern is
    with the agent's own character. Virtue ethics
    seems to be essentially interested in the
    acquisition of the virtues as part of the
    agent's own well-being and flourishing.
    Reply Being just or honest to oneself also
    involves justice and honesty to others.
    Action-Guiding
    Virtue ethics, it is objected, with its
    emphasis on the imprecise nature of ethics,
    fails to give us any help with the
    practicalities of how we should behave.
    Reply
    If virtue consists of the right reason and the right
    desire, virtue ethics will be action-guiding when we
    can perceive the right reason and have successfully
    habituated our desires to affirm its commands.
    Moral Luck
    Some people will be lucky and receive the
    help and encouragement they need to attain
    moral maturity, but others will not.
    Reply
    We have no control over the availability of the
    right friends. How can we then praise the virtuous
    and blame the vicious if their development and
    respective virtue and vice were not under their
    control?
     Virtue Ethics is a universalist theory.
     Virtue is a good thing for anyone to
    pursue or imbibe.
     Happiness does not signify a momentary
    disposition.
     Happiness is an enduring sense
    of well being.
     The virtuous person knows how
    to conduct himself/herself
    in any given situation.
     Virtue Ethics is self empowering.
     In virtue ethics, it is not a question
    of what is the right thing to do
    in a given situation. Instead, it
    is a question of what I must
    do as a human person.
     It is not the emotions or what
    happens to us that determine
    our well-being but rather our
    judgment that we make
    about it. It is our response to
    emotion whether we stagnate or
    flourish.

    Brezinsky, Michael B. 2014 . Virtue Ethics Part I


    and II at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fnLM5XsCClk
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vg-a61rKhLM

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