Shreyan - Brighter Smiles For Masses

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Brighter Smiles for Masses: Colgate vs P&G

Group 8 | EoS Section A | PGP23


Competitive Rivalry and Dynamics (1/4)
P&G and Colgate-Palmolive face high competition competing in the same market with similar resources

MARKET COMMONALITY

 P&G, Colgate-Palmolive competed in the U.S. market for oral care products Moderate Maximum

MARKET COMMONALITY
Competition Competition
 Target segment is similar for both products

RESOURCE SIMILARITY Low Moderate


Competition Competition
 P&G and Colgate-Palmolive both possess similar type of resources, in terms
of proprietary technology, human capital and marketing

 There is a notable difference when it comes to the amount of resources, RESOURCE SIMILARITY
where P&G holds a lead in terms of higher cash reserves and
manufacturing capacity

 Resource similarity is classified as high since extent of similarity will have a


slightly larger bearing on competition than amount of resources controlled
Competitive Rivalry and Dynamics (2/4)
High motivation to compete as teeth brightening set to become a $4bn market amid slow oral care segment growth

DRIVERS OF COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR RATING DESCRIPTION


Awareness High
• High similarity of resources between competitors
• Both major players compete in same geographical market
Motivation High
• Both firms keen on maximizing their respective shares of
the pie
• Teeth brightening products as a segment showing faster
growth than the oral care category as a whole, increasing
attractiveness to all players in the industry
Ability Moderate
• P&G has greater financial muscle, with cash reserves nearly
20x that of Colgate-Palmolive.
• This increases their ability to outspend rivals in marketing,
gives them higher bargaining power with advertisers
Competitive Rivalry and Dynamics (3/4)
Inter-firm rivalry led to erosion of P&G’s market share at the cost of Colgate’s gain

DRIVERS OF COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR DESCRIPTION


First Mover Advantage
• Launched Crest White strips and captured over 80% of the market
Organizational Size and Resources
• P&G is significantly larger than Colgate-Palmolive, with more than 3x net
income and 20x cash reserves
Product Quality
• P&G’s Crest White fares better on quality parameters based on
comparative product testing
Competitive Response Strategic Steps
• Colgate-Palmolive launched competing product at lower price point
Tactical Steps
• Priced significantly lower than rival product
• Positioned strongly on user convenience (significantly lower usage time)
Competitive Rivalry and Dynamics (4/4)
Inter-firm rivalry led to erosion of P&G’s market share at the cost of Colgate’s gain

OUTCOMES OF INTER-FIRM RIVALRY

 Crest White captured over 80% of the market share following its launch, yet the first mover advantage
could not be sustained with the entry of a lower priced product by Colgate

 Colgate’s Simply White, priced at ~37% of Crest White captured 50% market share in less than a year of
its launch.

 P&G’s market share dropped to 42% by November 2002. Their management team evaluating multiple
tactical options to counter the competition

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