Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 121 views

    Engineering Mechanics: Statics

    Uploaded by

    ismail ibrahim
    This lecture discusses adding 2-D vectors using Cartesian vector notation. It covers: 1) Resolving vectors into x and y components 2) Adding vectors by summing their respective x and y components 3) Finding the magnitude and angle of the resulting vector from its x and y components An example problem demonstrates resolving three forces into x and y components, summing the components, and determining the magnitude and angle of the resulting force vector.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Engineering Mechanics: Statics

    Uploaded by

    ismail ibrahim
    121 views23 pages
    This lecture discusses adding 2-D vectors using Cartesian vector notation. It covers: 1) Resolving vectors into x and y components 2) Adding vectors by summing their respective x and y components 3) Finding the magnitude and angle of the resulting vector from its x and y components An example problem demonstrates resolving three forces into x and y components, summing the components, and determining the magnitude and angle of the resulting force vector.

    Original Title

    S Kuliah02

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This lecture discusses adding 2-D vectors using Cartesian vector notation. It covers: 1) Resolving vectors into x and y components 2) Adding vectors by summing their respective x and y components 3) Finding the magnitude and angle of the resulting vector from its x and y components An example problem demonstrates resolving three forces into x and y components, summing the components, and determining the magnitude and angle of the resulting force vector.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    121 views23 pages

    Engineering Mechanics: Statics

    Uploaded by

    ismail ibrahim
    This lecture discusses adding 2-D vectors using Cartesian vector notation. It covers: 1) Resolving vectors into x and y components 2) Adding vectors by summing their respective x and y components 3) Finding the magnitude and angle of the resulting vector from its x and y components An example problem demonstrates resolving three forces into x and y components, summing the components, and determining the magnitude and angle of the resulting force vector.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    Engineering Mechanics :

    STATICS
    DDA1013
    Lecture #02
    By,
    Shaiful Rizal Bin Masrol
    University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM),
    Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing,
    Department of Mechanical Engineering

    Expected Lecture Date : 31/12 / 07


    2
    2D VECTOR ADDITION
    Today’s Objective:
    Students will be able to :
    a) Resolve a 2-D vector into components
    b) Add 2-D vectors using Cartesian vector
    notations.
    Learning topics:

    • Application of adding forces


    • Parallelogram law
    • Resolution of a vector using
    Cartesian vector notation (CVN)
    • Addition using CVN

    3
    READING QUIZ

    1. Which one of the following is a scalar quantity?


    A) Force B) Position C) Mass D) Velocity

    2. For vector addition you have to use ______ law.


    A) Newton’s Second
    B) the arithmetic
    C) Pascal’s
    D) the parallelogram

    4
    APPLICATION OF VECTOR ADDITION

    There are four


    concurrent cable forces
    acting on the bracket.
    How do you determine
    the resultant force
    acting on the bracket ?

    5
    SCALARS AND VECTORS (Section 2.1)

    Scalars Vectors
    Examples: mass, volume force, velocity
    Characteristics: It has a magnitude It has a magnitude
    (positive or negative) and direction

    Addition rule: Simple arithmetic Parallelogram law


    Special Notation: None Bold font, a line or
    an arrow

    6
    VECTOR OPERATIONS (Section 2.2)

    Scalar Multiplication
    and Division

    7
    VECTOR ADDITION USING EITHER THE
    PARALLELOGRAM LAW OR TRIANGLE

    Parallelogram Law:

    Triangle method
    (always ‘tip to tail’):

    How do you subtract a vector?


    How can you add more than two
    concurrent vectors graphically ?
    8
    RESOLUTION OF A VECTOR
    “Resolution” of a vector is breaking up a vector into components. It
    is kind of like using the parallelogram law in reverse.

    9
    CARTESIAN VECTOR NOTATION (Section 2.4)

    • We ‘ resolve’ vectors into


    components using the x and y axes
    system

    • Each component of the vector is


    shown as a magnitude and a
    direction.

    • The directions are based on the x and y axes. We use the


    “unit vectors” i and j to designate the x and y axes.

    10
    For example,
    F = Fx i + Fy j or F' = F'x i + F'y j

    The x and y axes are always perpendicular to each


    other. Together,they can be directed at any inclination.
    11
    ADDITION OF SEVERAL VECTORS

    • Step 1 is to resolve each force


    into its components
    • Step 2 is to add all the x
    components together and add all
    the y components together. These
    two totals become the resultant
    vector.
    • Step 3 is to find the magnitude and
    angle of the resultant vector

    12
    Example of this process,

    13
    You can also represent a 2-D vector with a magnitude and
    angle.

    14
    EXAMPLE
    Given: Three concurrent forces
    acting on a bracket.
    Find: The magnitude and
    angle of the resultant
    force.

    Plan:
    a) Resolve the forces in their x-y components.
    b) Add the respective components to get the resultant vector.
    c) Find magnitude and angle from the resultant components.

    15
    EXAMPLE (continued)

    F1 = { 15 sin 40° i + 15 cos 40° j } kN


    = { 9.642 i + 11.49 j } kN
    F2 = { -(12/13)26 i + (5/13)26 j } kN
    = { -24 i + 10 j } kN
    F3 = { 36 cos 30° i – 36 sin 30° j } kN
    = { 31.18 i – 18 j } kN

    16
    EXAMPLE (continued)

    Summing up all the i and j components respectively, we get,


    FR = { (9.642 – 24 + 31.18) i + (11.49 + 10 – 18) j } kN
    = { 16.82 i + 3.49 j } kN

    y
    FR
    FR = ((16.82)2 + (3.49)2)1/2 = 17.2 kN
     = tan-1(3.49/16.82) = 11.7° 
    x

    17
    CONCEPT QUIZ

    1. Can you resolve a 2-D vector along two directions, which are not
    at 90° to each other?
    A) Yes, but not uniquely.
    B) No.
    C) Yes, uniquely.

    2. Can you resolve a 2-D vector along three directions (say at 0, 60,
    and 120°)?
    A) Yes, but not uniquely.
    B) No.
    C) Yes, uniquely.

    18
    IN CLASS TUTORIAL

    Given: Three concurrent


    forces acting on a
    bracket
    Find: The magnitude and
    angle of the
    resultant force.
    Plan:

    a) Resolve the forces in their x-y components.


    b) Add the respective components to get the resultant vector.
    c) Find magnitude and angle from the resultant components.

    19
    IN CLASS TUTORIAL (continued)

    F1 = { (4/5) 850 i - (3/5) 850 j } N


    = { 680 i - 510 j } N
    F2 = { -625 sin(30°) i - 625 cos(30°) j } N
    = { -312.5 i - 541.3 j } N
    F3 = { -750 sin(45°) i + 750 cos(45°) j } N
    { -530.3 i + 530.3 j } N

    20
    IN CLASS TUTORIAL (continued)

    Summing up all the i and j components respectively, we get,


    FR = { (680 – 312.5 – 530.3) i + (-510 – 541.3 + 530.3) j }N
    = { - 162.8 i - 521 j } N
    y
    FR = ((162.8)2 + (521)2) ½ = 546 N

    x
    = tan–1(521/162.8) = 72.64° or
    From Positive x axis  = 180 + 72.64 = 253 ° FR

    21
    ATTENTION QUIZ
    1. Resolve F along x and y axes and write it in
    vector form. F = { ___________ } N
    y
    A) 80 cos (30°) i - 80 sin (30°) j x
    B) 80 sin (30°) i + 80 cos (30°) j
    C) 80 sin (30°) i - 80 cos (30°) j 30°
    F = 80 N
    D) 80 cos (30°) i + 80 sin (30°) j
    2. Determine the magnitude of the resultant (F1 + F2)
    force in N when F1 = { 10 i + 20 j } N and
    F2 = { 20 i + 20 j } N .
    A) 30 N B) 40 N C) 50 N
    D) 60 N E) 70 N 22
    23

    You might also like