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    Intro Bone With Types

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    Kiran
    Bones come in different shapes and sizes and serve several functions. They provide structure, protect organs, allow movement, store minerals, and house bone marrow. There are two main types of bone tissue - compact bone which makes up the dense outer layer, and cancellous bone which is lighter and more flexible. Bones also contain cells, proteins, minerals, blood vessels and nerves. The five types of bones are long, short, flat, sesamoid, and irregular, each with different characteristics. Bones are divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, spine and ribcage, and the appendicular skeleton of the arms and legs.

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    Intro Bone With Types

    Uploaded by

    Kiran
    43 views15 pages
    Bones come in different shapes and sizes and serve several functions. They provide structure, protect organs, allow movement, store minerals, and house bone marrow. There are two main types of bone tissue - compact bone which makes up the dense outer layer, and cancellous bone which is lighter and more flexible. Bones also contain cells, proteins, minerals, blood vessels and nerves. The five types of bones are long, short, flat, sesamoid, and irregular, each with different characteristics. Bones are divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, spine and ribcage, and the appendicular skeleton of the arms and legs.

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    intro bone with types

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    Bones come in different shapes and sizes and serve several functions. They provide structure, protect organs, allow movement, store minerals, and house bone marrow. There are two main types of bone tissue - compact bone which makes up the dense outer layer, and cancellous bone which is lighter and more flexible. Bones also contain cells, proteins, minerals, blood vessels and nerves. The five types of bones are long, short, flat, sesamoid, and irregular, each with different characteristics. Bones are divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, spine and ribcage, and the appendicular skeleton of the arms and legs.

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    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    43 views15 pages

    Intro Bone With Types

    Uploaded by

    Kiran
    Bones come in different shapes and sizes and serve several functions. They provide structure, protect organs, allow movement, store minerals, and house bone marrow. There are two main types of bone tissue - compact bone which makes up the dense outer layer, and cancellous bone which is lighter and more flexible. Bones also contain cells, proteins, minerals, blood vessels and nerves. The five types of bones are long, short, flat, sesamoid, and irregular, each with different characteristics. Bones are divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, spine and ribcage, and the appendicular skeleton of the arms and legs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    BONES-TYPES,

    STRUCTURE
    • Bones support the body structurally, protect our vital
    organs, and allow us to move. Also, they provide an
    environment for bone marrow, where the blood cells are
    created, and they act as a storage area for minerals,
    particularly calcium.
    • At birth, we have around 270 soft bones. As we grow,
    some of these fuse. Once we reach adulthood, we have
    206 bones.
    • The largest bone in the human body is the thighbone or
    femur, and the smallest is the stapes in the middle ear,
    which are just 3 millimeters (mm) long.
    • Bones are mostly made of the protein collagen, which
    forms a soft framework. The mineral calcium phosphate
    hardens this framework, giving it strength. More than 99
    percent of our body’s calcium is held in our bones and
    teeth.
    Bones are composed of two types of
    tissue:
    • 1. Compact (cortical) bone: A hard outer layer that is
    dense, strong, and durable. It makes up around 80
    percent of adult bone mass.
    • 2. Cancellous (trabecular or spongy) bone: This
    consists of a network of trabeculae or rod-like structures.
    It is lighter, less dense, and more flexible than compact
    bone.
    Also found in bones:
    • osteoblasts and osteocytes, responsible for creating bone
    • osteoclasts or bone resorbing cells
    • osteoid, a mix of collagen and other proteins
    • inorganic mineral salts within the matrix
    • nerves and blood vessels
    • bone marrow
    • cartilage
    • membranes, including the endosteum and periosteum
    Types of bone
    There are five types of bones in the human body:
    • Long bones: These are mostly compacted bone with
    little marrow and include most of the bones in the limbs.
    These bones tend to support weight and help movement.
    • Short bones: Only a thin layer of compact bone, these
    include bones of the wrist and ankle.
    • Flat bones: Usually bones that are thin and curved. They
    consist of two outer layers of compact bone and an inner
    layer of spongy bone. Flat bones include most of the
    bones of the skull and the sternum or breastbone. They
    tend to have a protective role.
    • Sesamoid bones: These are embedded in tendons, such
    as the patella or kneecap. They protect tendons from
    wear and stress.
    • Irregular bones: As their name implies, these are bones
    that do not fit into the first four categories and are an
    unusual shape. They include the bones of the spine and
    pelvis. They are often protecting organs or tissues.
    Bones of the skeleton are split into two
    groups:
    • Appendicular skeleton —Upper and lower limbs,
    shoulder and hip bones

    • Axial skeleton —Skull, vertebral column, rib cage,


    center pelvis
    Structure of a Long Bone
    • Diaphysis:
    • Center, main shaft
    • Long part of bone
    • Made of very thick compact bone surrounding a central marrow
    cavity

    • Epiphysis:
    • Ends of bone
    • Wider than diaphysis
    • Made of compact bone which surrounds spongy bone.
    • Joint surface of each epiphysis is covered with hyaline cartilage
    • Epiphyseal Line:
    • Remnant of Epiphyseal Plate
    • Found in adult bones
    • Shows amount of cartilage growth during adolescence

    • Membranes:
    • Periosteum = Around the outside
    • Richly supplied with nerve fibers, lymphatic vessels and blood vessels
    • Provides anchoring points for tendons and ligaments
    • Endosteum = Around the inside
    • Surrounds the spongy bone

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