Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 71 views

    Indirect Command

    Uploaded by

    Communist Crumpet
    1. The document discusses forming and using the subjunctive mood in Latin, specifically the present and imperfect subjunctive. 2. It also covers indirect commands, which use the conjunction "ut" or "ne" followed by a subjunctive verb to report a command. 3. Common verbs that introduce indirect commands are discussed, including whether they take an accusative or dative object.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Indirect Command

    Uploaded by

    Communist Crumpet
    71 views8 pages
    1. The document discusses forming and using the subjunctive mood in Latin, specifically the present and imperfect subjunctive. 2. It also covers indirect commands, which use the conjunction "ut" or "ne" followed by a subjunctive verb to report a command. 3. Common verbs that introduce indirect commands are discussed, including whether they take an accusative or dative object.

    Original Title

    Indirect%20Command

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. The document discusses forming and using the subjunctive mood in Latin, specifically the present and imperfect subjunctive. 2. It also covers indirect commands, which use the conjunction "ut" or "ne" followed by a subjunctive verb to report a command. 3. Common verbs that introduce indirect commands are discussed, including whether they take an accusative or dative object.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    71 views8 pages

    Indirect Command

    Uploaded by

    Communist Crumpet
    1. The document discusses forming and using the subjunctive mood in Latin, specifically the present and imperfect subjunctive. 2. It also covers indirect commands, which use the conjunction "ut" or "ne" followed by a subjunctive verb to report a command. 3. Common verbs that introduce indirect commands are discussed, including whether they take an accusative or dative object.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Forming the present subjunctive: Forming the imperfect subjunctive:

    1. Take the 2nd Principal Part = Present


    Infinitive (e.g. portare)
    2. Add the usual endings for each
    person:
    Active: -m, -s, -t, -mus, -tis, -nt
    Passive: -r, -ris, -tur, -mur, -mini, -ntur

    Imperfect subjunctive:
    Active: portarem, portares, portaret, etc.
    Passive: portarer, portareris, portaretur etc.
    Argus casam intravit ut cenam raperet.
    Argus entered the house in order to snatch the dinner.

    Quintus Argum rogavit ut cenam redderet.


    Quintus asked Argus to give back the dinner.

    imperator milites hortatus est ut fortiter pugnarent.


    The general encouraged the soldiers to fight bravely.

    eos monet ne ab hostibus fugiant.


    He warns them not to flee from the enemies.
    Indirect Command
    The indirect command is divided into 3 parts:
    1. Verb of commanding/asking/advising
    2. ‘ut’/’ne’
    3. subjunctive verb

    rex milites hortatur ut castra hostium oppugnent.


    The king urges the soldiers to attack the enemies’ camp.

    consul equitibus imperavit ut in hostes progrederentur.


    The consul ordered the cavalry to advance against the enemies.
    (Remember: ‘impero, -are’ takes a dative object)

    Note: ‘iubeo, iubere, iussi, iussus’ uses acc. + inf., while ‘impero, -are’ usually uses ut/ne + subj.
    Common verbs introducing Indirect Command
    Accusative object: Dative object:
    (ex)hortor, -ari: to urge/encourage impero, -are: to order
    moneo, -ere: to warn/advise mando, -are: to order
    oro, -are: to beg permitto, permittere, permisi, permissus: to allow
    rogo, -are: to ask persuadeo, persuadere, persuasi, persuasus: to persuade

    a/ab + abl of person commanded:


    peto, petere, petivi, petitus: to seek (from)
    postulo, -are: to demand/request (from)
    Indirect Command: Further examples

    orator civibus persuasit ut regem iuvarent.


    The speaker persuaded the citizens to help the king.

    Scintilla Argo imperat ne cenam rapiat.


    Sctintilla orders Argus not to snatch the dinner.

    Argus Mercurium rogavit ut secum colloqueretur.


    Argus asked Mercury to talk with him.
    Overview of use of tenses in Purpose Clauses/Indirect Command
    Tense of Verb in Main Clause Tense of Verb in ut/ne clause
    (Purpose or Indirect Command)
    Present
    Future Present Subjunctive
    Future Perfect
    [Perfect with ‘have’]
    Imperfect
    Perfect (simple past) Imperfect Subjunctive
    Pluperfect
    The use of ‘se’ in purpose clause and indirect command
    ‘se’ refers to the subject of the main clause, not the subject of the
    purpose clause/indirect command

    Cicero fugit ne milites se occidant.


    Cicero flees so that the soldiers do not kill him.

    magistratus furi imperaverunt ut aurum sibi redderet.


    The officials ordered the thief to give the gold back to them.

    You might also like