Case Study

Vertical transportation:
Common Types of Elevators

• Geared Traction

– Used in buildings
with 45 feet or
more of travel

– Better floor to
floor
performance
times
• Direct Plunger Hydraulic

– Used in buildings with less

than 45 feet of travel

– Never use in Parking Decks

or areas it is difficult to control
the temperature, it will limit
reliability

– Not environmentally friendly

• Dig down in the ground
as deep as the building is
high and insert an oil
filled piston

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
 Requirements
• Inspections
– Inspection once every 90 days by a licensed elevator journey person.
• Accidents
– Must be reported within 48 hours.
– This process can leave the equipment down until approval from the state is given to put the
elevator back in service.
• Licensing
– Requires that any person entering the machine room, hoistway or pit; making any
inspections, repairs or replacements be licensed elevator journey people.
• Extensive apprenticeship, schooling and testing involved in becoming a journeyperson
– Ensures the safety of the riding public and the elevator journeypeople working on the
equipment.
– Ensures safety codes are adhered to.

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
Why Does the Elevator Shut Down ?

Electrical-Mechanical systems

Hundreds of sequential steps must occur for

the elevator to operate

If just one of the steps is skipped, missed, or

does not complete; the operating process will
not proceed

i.e. Safety String = doors, load weighing,

limit
switches, speed

When the elevator shuts down it is doing it’s

job and operating the way it was designed

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
 How Safe Are You ?
• Elevator Safety Division
– To maintain journey person licensing and testing
– 90% of accidents reported quarterly involve escalators
– 90 day fire service, 1year, 3 year, 5 year State required safety tests

• Elevator built with higher safety factor than the floor you are standing on or the ceiling over your
head
– Any one of the cables on a traction elevator is rated to hold the weight of the fully loaded
elevator plus 25%
• Most traction elevators have 4 or more cables on them
– Over-Speed Safety and rope grippers on traction elevators

Other Issues: Maintenance

– Rotating schedule ensuring every elevator is visited, at least monthly for specific preventative
maintenance tasks
– Tasks (and problems) are tracked better
– As preventative maintenance is tracked better and specific tasks are completed systematically we
expect to see call backs decline steadily

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
 What Would You Do ? #1
• Your elevator is not working. There are no passengers inside.
– Do: Call the Plant Operations’ Call Center
• Have the following information when calling:
– Building name, elevator number (found in upper left hand corner of entrance
frame), short description of problem and a contact name and number
– Do: Post signage stating that the equipment is out of service
– Do not: enter the machine room
– Do not: enter the hoistway

What Would You Do ? #2

• Your elevator is not working. There are passengers inside.
– Do: Call the Plant Operations’ Call Center
• Have the following information when calling:
– Building name, elevator number (found in upper left hand corner of entrance
frame), short description of problem and a contact name and number
– Do not: Attempt to “rescue” the passengers yourself
– Do: Continue to comfort and communicate with the passengers inside
• Encourage them to sit down. For them to STAY IN THE ELEVATOR, and to stay away
from the doors incase they are opened by rescue personnel
– Do not: enter the machine room
– Do not: enter the hoistway

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
 What Would You Do ? #3

• Your elevator is not working. You are inside.

– Do: Use the emergency phone in the elevator, if it is equipped
• The phone connects to security person 24/7
– Do: Use the alarm bell if the elevator is not equipped with an
emergency phone
– Have the following information when calling:
» Building name, elevator number (found in upper
left hand corner of entrance frame), short description
of problem and a contact name and number
– Do not: Attempt to have untrained staff “rescue” you
– Do not: ask anyone to enter the machine room
– Do not: ask anyone to enter the hoistway
– Do: Remain calm, continue to communicate with those outside
• Sit down, STAY IN THE ELEVATOR, and stay away from the
doors incase they are opened by rescue personnel

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
Case Study
• Name Of The Building : forum mall.

• Mall program : multifunction.

• Location : koramangala.

• No of passenger elevators : 3.

• No of service elevators : 4.

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
Data Studies : Environmental Aspects :

• Location of Elevators : Located on the periphery near parking and close to staircases defining
entrances in the axis of circulation from the parking into the mall.

• Proximity to Main Entrance of Building : 25 M

• Door Arrangement :Clear Opening of 900 mm ensures comfortable movement when entering or
leaving the lift.

• Speed of the car: 2.5m/sec

• No of shafts: 3 shafts

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS
Grouping of elevators is
done in such a way that
the passenger elevator
and service elevators
have separate entry &
lobby of their own .
Circulation has become
easy while this arrangement
also hiddes the service
part from the Visitors of
the mall.

The lobby is large enough to hold the people getting in

and out .flexibility is considered in the
design. Dimensions…. 3x6mts

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
1) Qualitative Requirements :
a) Very good , goes along with the requirement.

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
2) Suitability of Lift Cars used :
Good.
Low operative cost.
Easy to maintain & operate.
Spare parts easily available.

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
 Lift Car Specifications :

• Name of the Elevator : OTTIS

• Shape of Car :rectangular in Shape.

• Area of Car : 1200 x 1500 mm.

• Passenger Handling Capacity:13 Passenger

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
Lift lobby at basement level 00 access through parking

• The lobby at its end has a stairs which leads to

Level 01 ,most of the visitors use the stairs instead
of lifts in circulating to & from the 2 spaces.

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
 Machine Room Details.
• it is located immediately above the hoist way
• it is self and sufficiently ventilated
• ambient temperature is maintained at 30 deg C
• stairs leading to the machine room are 70 cm wide
and risers are 15 cms.

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
Elevator lobby

This elevator lobby serves for 3 lifts. It is a 3m by 8m lobby. It also has a staircase
leading to the basement from the ground floor lift lobby.

It is well lit and is open widely to the corridors

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
Ground Waitin Round Speed No of First Waitin Round Speed No of
floor g time trip people floor g time trip people
(avg) (avg)
(avg) time using (avg) time using
(avg) it /hr (avg) it /hr

3m 42s 3m 56s 089 3m 14s 3m 51s 078

4m 12s 4m 20s 2.54m/s 163 3m 58s 4m 34s 2.54m/s 157
LIFT A LIFT A
5m 36s 5m 30s 248 5m 46s 5m 09s 236
3m 15s 3m 50s 081 2m 59s 3m 41s 071
4m 03s 4m 11s 2.49m/s 174 3m 54s 4m 23s 2.49m/s 164
LIFT B LIFT B
5m 52s 5m 50s 239 5m 16s 5m 37s 201
3m 30s 3m 44s 077 3m 27s 3m 28s 065
4m 24s 4m 05s 2.58m/s 123 4m 12s 4m 05s 2.58m/s 099
LIFT LIFT
5m 12s 5m 40s 230 4m 56s 5m 23s 211
C C

C A S E S T U D Y O N E L E V A T O R S
 Questions To Ask Yourself When
Renovations Are Due…
• Is the elevator in your building serving your needs ?
• Would the addition of a freight elevator aid the operation of your building ? Perhaps a dumbwaiter
could relieve some of the demand as well.
• Are there enough elevators in your building ?
• How old is the elevator in your building ?
• Is the speed of the elevator an issue ?
• Is it a traction elevator or a hydraulic elevator ?
• Call the Elevator Shop and we can discuss the needs of your building and how best to achieve
the results you desire in a renovation. We work best as a team to make sure your building is well
served.
THANK
THANK YOU
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