Outcomes Study

Brandi Curtis
 
The Efficiency of the Integration of a New Plate Scoring Questionnaire Given in the Cardiac Rehabilitation Setting
Brandi Curtis
Illinois State University Dietetic Internship
Background
There are a wide variety of tools practitioners use to assess dietary intake of their patients to aid in their
counseling and determine nutrient inadequacies. It can be challenging for practitioners to select the most Methods
appropriate tool for their facility. Various methods include food frequency questionnaires, 24-hour
A 10 question survey was created using Google forms. The questions on the survey were
recalls, and food records or diaries. Food frequency questionnaires capture habitual dietary intake. They
multiple choice and Likert scale ratings for an easier output of data. The Likert scale questions
are usually closed-ended, multiple choice questions that may range dietary intake to a few times a day or
were on a scale of 1 to 5 with 1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree. The
a few times a year. A 24-hour recall captures a detailed description of someone’s dietary intake over the
questions targeted each dietary assessment tool and overall feasibility of each. They questions
previous 24-hours. A food record or diary are intended to be done at time of food consumption for a
asked which they think is easier to use, easier to score, accuracy of dietary habits depiction,
specified period of time. It is evident that dietary and lifestyle factors greatly impact cardiovascular
which captures eating behaviors more accurately, which is better on length, and which is the
disease risk and treatment. In the cardiac rehabilitation setting, nutrition counseling can positively
preferred tool. The survey was sent to the cardiac rehabilitation staff to be answered for
improve an individual’s outcome. To assess someone’s nutrition, the standard food frequency
feedback. All questions were anonymous. The staff was given a two week timeline to complete
questionnaires, 24-hour recalls, or food records or diaries may be inappropriate for this clinical setting.
the questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the Google form response tab and excel.
Integrating a simplified food frequency questionnaire targeting specifically total fat, saturated fat,
sodium, whole grains, added sugar, fruits and vegetables, alcohol, and dietary cholesterol may be most
appropriate.
Problem & Purpose Results
At Mt. Carmel Hospital System in Columbus, Ohio, the Rate My Plate Scoring Questionnaire through Among the cardiac rehab facilities’ staff, 8 staff members responded feedback with the survey. Discussion/Conclusion
Brown University is currently being used in the cardiac rehabilitation centers. The Rate My Plate Upon our results, 62.5% of the participants responded with a 4 Likert scale rating to if the
Scoring Questionnaire is a simplified food‐frequency questionnaire consisting of questions focusing In conclusion, implementing the newer questionnaire, Picture
current assessment tool is easy to use and understand by the patients. Moreover, 50% of the
on foods contributing the most fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol to the diet. It was developed by My Plate, may be most appropriate for Mt. Carmel cardiac
participants responded with a 4 Likert scale rating to if they felt it was easy to use and
the Pawtucket Heart Health Program in the late 1980s and has been updated several times to reflect rehabilitation facilities. Overall, 100% of the staff members felt
understand for their own use with the remaining 50% responding with a 3 or 5 Likert scale
changes in national dietary recommendations. The last Rate My Plate Scoring Questionnaire update that the new questionnaire, Picture My Plate, would depict the
rating. In terms of depiction of behaviors, 75% of staff members felt that the current tool
was published in 2005. In the field of medical sciences, it is important and crucial to remain up to patient’s eating patterns and behaviors better. Although 62.5% of
accurately depicts eating behaviors with the remaining 25% being unsure or rarely. In regard to
date with current research and recommendations. With the last update being 15 years old, a new the staff felt that current assessment tool was a better option in
the newer assessment tool, 87.5% of the staff members felt that the newer tool asks further in
update is needed. This is a problem and could be affecting patients’ care. Implementing a newer, terms of length and time, 87% felt the new assessment tool was
depth questions with 100% responding with they felt it better captures a patient’s eating
updated questionnaire with current recommendations would be optimal. After doing some a better choice for the patient’s over the current questionnaire,
patterns and behaviors. Moreover, 50% responded with a 4 Likert scale rating to if they think
research, a newer questionnaire was found. This questionnaire is Picture My Plate by ES Aberegg et. Rate My Plate.
the newer tool would be easy to use and understand by the patients with the other 50%
al. Picture My Plate by ES Aberegg et. al. is a more current questionnaire that reflects current responding with a 3 or a 5 Likert scale rating. However, 62.5% of participants responded with a References
guidelines. It was designed to access how someone’s eating pattern aligns with current major 3 Likert scale rating to if they think the new tool is too lengthy and the current tool is a better Aberegg, Ellen, Schaaf MA, LD, RDN, FAACVPR, Collins, Karen, MS, RDN, Hinderliter,
dietary recommendations for heart health in compliance with the American Heart Association option on time. Overall, 87.5% of the staff members preferred to use the newer questionnaire Judith, et al. (2020). Validity and Reliability of a Brief Dietary Assessment
Questionnaire in a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program. Journal of
Recommended Dietary Pattern and USDA 2015-2020 Guidelines for Americans. This tool went versus the current questionnaire. Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation & Prevention, 40, 280-283.
through a validation study that evaluated whether it can identify people whose diet is associated https://doi.org/10.1097/HCR.0000000000000505
with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Results of the study demonstrated that the  
Dao, M. C., Subar, A. F., Warthon-Medina, M., Cade, J. E., Burrows, T., Golley, R. K.,
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center and studying more cardiac rehabilitation populations is needed. Overall, the researchers felt Gans, K. M., Hixson, M. L., Eaton, C. B., & Lasater, T. M. (2000). Rate Your Plate: A Dietary
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the cardiac rehab facility’s staff’s opinions on the Picture My Plate tool as to if they think it would be https://doi-org.libproxy.lib.ilstu.edu/10.1046/j.1523-5408.2000.00045.x
effective and useful for their facilities. By obtaining this information, a determination can be made if  
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it is accepted by the staff and then feel more comfortable implementing it to replace the current prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. American family physician,
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accepted by the cardiac rehabilitation facilities’ staff at Mt. Carmel Hospital System in Columbus, Zhang, L., Geelen, A., Boshuizen, H. C., Ferreira, J., & Ocké, M. C. (2019). Importance of
Ohio? Does the cardiac rehabilitation facilities’ staff at Mt. Carmel Hospital System in Columbus, details in food descriptions in estimating population nutrient intake
Ohio think the Picture My Plate Tool should replace the Rate My Plate Questionnaire though Brown distributions. Nutrition Journal, 18(1), N.PAG. https://doi-
org.libproxy.lib.ilstu.edu/10.1186/s12937-019-0443-5
University?