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Fundamentals of
Database System
Ramez Elmasri Department of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Texas at Arlington
Shamkant B. Navathe College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Chapter 1 System Analysts and Application Programmers
System analysts determine the requirements of end
users, especially naive and parametric end users, and develop specifications for standard canned transactions that meet these requirements. Application programmers implement these specifications as programs; then they test, debug, document, and maintain these canned transactions. Such analysts and programmers—commonly referred to as software developers or software engineers—should be familiar with the full range of capabilities provided by the DBMS to accomplish their tasks. Chapter 1 Advantages of Using the DBMS Approach
Controlling Redundancy - In traditional software
development utilizing file processing, every user group maintains its own files for handling its data-processing applications. In the traditional approach, the accounting office keeps data on registration and related billing information, whereas the registration office keeps track of student courses and grades. This redundancy in storing the same data multiple times leads to several problems. Chapter 1 Advantages of Using the DBMS Approach
Restricting Unauthorized Access - When multiple
users share a large database, it is likely that most users will not be authorized to access all information in the database. For example, financial data is often considered confidential, and only authorized persons are allowed to access such data. A DBMS should provide a security and authorization subsystem, which the DBA uses to create accounts and to specify account restrictions. Chapter 1 Advantages of Using the DBMS Approach
Providing Persistent Storage for Program
Objects - The persistent storage of program objects and data structures is an important function of database systems. Traditional database systems often suffered from the so-called impedance mismatch problem, since the data structures provided by the DBMS were incompatible with the programming language’s data structures. Object-oriented database systems typically offer data structure compatibility with one or more object-oriented programming languages. Chapter 1 Advantages of Using the DBMS Approach
Providing Storage Structures and Search
Techniques for Efficient Query Processing - Database systems must provide capabilities for efficiently executing queries and updates. Because the database is typically stored on disk, the DBMS must provide specialized data structures and search techniques to speed up disk search for the desired records. Indexes are typically based on tree data structures or hash data structures that are suitably modified for disk search.
