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    1 Function Approximation

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    jovanni
    This document discusses function approximation using Taylor series expansion. It provides examples of using Taylor series to approximate common functions like sin(x), ln(x), and ex. It explains that as the degree of the Taylor polynomial increases, the approximation converges to the true function. The document also discusses Taylor's theorem and how to calculate the remainder term when approximating a function. Finally, it demonstrates how to find the absolute and relative errors when using a Taylor polynomial to approximate a function at a given point.

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    1 Function Approximation

    Uploaded by

    jovanni
    68 views23 pages
    This document discusses function approximation using Taylor series expansion. It provides examples of using Taylor series to approximate common functions like sin(x), ln(x), and ex. It explains that as the degree of the Taylor polynomial increases, the approximation converges to the true function. The document also discusses Taylor's theorem and how to calculate the remainder term when approximating a function. Finally, it demonstrates how to find the absolute and relative errors when using a Taylor polynomial to approximate a function at a given point.

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    This document discusses function approximation using Taylor series expansion. It provides examples of using Taylor series to approximate common functions like sin(x), ln(x), and ex. It explains that as the degree of the Taylor polynomial increases, the approximation converges to the true function. The document also discusses Taylor's theorem and how to calculate the remainder term when approximating a function. Finally, it demonstrates how to find the absolute and relative errors when using a Taylor polynomial to approximate a function at a given point.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    68 views23 pages

    1 Function Approximation

    Uploaded by

    jovanni
    This document discusses function approximation using Taylor series expansion. It provides examples of using Taylor series to approximate common functions like sin(x), ln(x), and ex. It explains that as the degree of the Taylor polynomial increases, the approximation converges to the true function. The document also discusses Taylor's theorem and how to calculate the remainder term when approximating a function. Finally, it demonstrates how to find the absolute and relative errors when using a Taylor polynomial to approximate a function at a given point.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    Function Approximation

    Taylor Series Expansion

    Where: a is the center of the series


    @ a=0, it is a Maclaurin Series
    Example:
    Approximate f(x)=sin(x)
    using Taylor Series
    expansion at a=0 and n=9.
    Solution:
    n 0 1 2 3 4
    f(n)(a) sin(a) cos(a) -sin(a) -cos(a) sin(a)
    f(n)(0) 0 1 0 -1 0

    n 5 6 7 8 9
    f(n)(a) cos(a) -sin(a) -cos(a) sin(a) cos(a)
    f(n)(0) 1 0 -1 0 1
    Its Taylor Series approximation at
    n=9
    Let’s graph the first two terms
    Let’s add another term
    Let’s add another term
    Let’s graph the whole maclaurin
    series at n=9
    As we can see, as the degree of the taylor polynomial
    increases, it converges to the true function
    Practice on your own
    scratch paper

    Approximate the function ln(x)


    using 4th order Taylor
    Polynomial centered at a=1
    Solution:

    n 0 1 2 3 4
    f(n)(a) ln(a) 1/a -1/a^2 2/a^3 -6/a^4
    f(n)(1) 0 1 -1/2 2 -6

    Ans:
    Taylor’s Theorem
    Let f(x) be differentiable function over
    some open interval [x, a] and

    there exist a remainder such that,


    f(x)=pn(x)+Rn(x),
    Where:
    Example:

    Use Taylor’s Theorem to find the


    remainder when approximating
    f(x)=cos(x) at x=4 centered at 1 and
    n=4.
    Using Taylor’s Theorem

    So.... R4(4)=-1.8483
    Interpretation of the Remainder or
    Error
    P4(x)

    f(x) R4(4) is the error distance


    between f(4) and p4(4)
    Seatwork:

    Find the remainder of the f(x)=sin(x)


    when approximating it at x=4 using
    the taylor series at 5th degree and
    centered at a=1.
    Absolute Error and Relative Error
    Example:

    Find the absolute error and the


    relative error at the 5th decimal
    place when approximating ln(1.2)
    in the previous problem
    Solution:
    p4(1.2) is the approximate value
    ln(1.2) is the true value

    p4(1.2)=0.18233
    ln(1.2)=0.18232
    Ans.

    Ans. R.E.=5.48486x10-5
    A.E.=1x10-5
    Seatwork: 1 Short Bond Paper

    Find the 4th order Maclaurin


    polynomial Expansion of the
    following functions:
    1. f(x)=ex
    2. f(x)=ln(1-x)
    Assignment: 1 Short Bond Paper
    1. Find the 5th order polynomial of the
    following functions centered at a=0.5:
    1. f(x)=ln(1+x)
    2. f(x)=1/(1-x)
    2. Find the Absolute Error of the function
    above when approximating it at x=0.5
    using the remainder integral function

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