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    Processes and Process Variables

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    Andrei Jose Gil
    This document defines and explains key process variables including: - Density, specific volume, and specific gravity which relate the mass and volume of substances. - Flow rate in terms of mass and volume over time and how they relate through density. - Moles, molecular weight, and mass/mole fractions in chemical processes. - Concentration in terms of mass and moles per volume and various units like molarity and ppm. - Pressure and its measurement using devices like gauges and manometers. - Temperature and units of measurement.

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    Processes and Process Variables

    Uploaded by

    Andrei Jose Gil
    17 views14 pages
    This document defines and explains key process variables including: - Density, specific volume, and specific gravity which relate the mass and volume of substances. - Flow rate in terms of mass and volume over time and how they relate through density. - Moles, molecular weight, and mass/mole fractions in chemical processes. - Concentration in terms of mass and moles per volume and various units like molarity and ppm. - Pressure and its measurement using devices like gauges and manometers. - Temperature and units of measurement.

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    This document defines and explains key process variables including: - Density, specific volume, and specific gravity which relate the mass and volume of substances. - Flow rate in terms of mass and volume over time and how they relate through density. - Moles, molecular weight, and mass/mole fractions in chemical processes. - Concentration in terms of mass and moles per volume and various units like molarity and ppm. - Pressure and its measurement using devices like gauges and manometers. - Temperature and units of measurement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    17 views14 pages

    Processes and Process Variables

    Uploaded by

    Andrei Jose Gil
    This document defines and explains key process variables including: - Density, specific volume, and specific gravity which relate the mass and volume of substances. - Flow rate in terms of mass and volume over time and how they relate through density. - Moles, molecular weight, and mass/mole fractions in chemical processes. - Concentration in terms of mass and moles per volume and various units like molarity and ppm. - Pressure and its measurement using devices like gauges and manometers. - Temperature and units of measurement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Processes and Process

    Variables

    Chapter 3
    Mass and Volume
     Density
     mass/unit volume
     g/cm3

     Specific Volume
     volume/ unit mass
     cm3/g

     Specific Gravity
     Dimensionless
    Specific Gravity
     Ratio of the density of a substance to a
    reference substance at a specific
    condition
     SG=ref
     Thereference is often the density of
    water at 4 C
     1.000 g/cm3
    What Does this mean?
    0
    20
    SG  0.6 0
    4

    The density of the substance, measured at 20 C, is only


    60% of the density of water, measured at 4 C
    Flow Rate
     Mass flow rate
     Mass/time

     Volumetric flow rate


     Volume/time


    m m
      
    V V
    Flow Rate Measurement
     Flowmeter
     Rotameter

     Orifice Meter
    Moles and Molecular Weight
     Atomic Weight
     Molecular Weight
     gram-mole
     lb-mole
    Mass and Mole Fraction
     Mass fraction
    mass of A
    xA 
    total mass
     Mole fraction

    moles of A
    yA 
    total moles
    Concentration
     Mass concentration
     Mass/volume

     Molar concentration
     Moles/unit volume of the mixture
     Molarity
     Molar concentration in gram moles per liter
    of solution
     ppm and ppb
    Pressure
     Measured in psi, pascals, bars
     Head
     Height of a column of water or mercury
     1 atm = a head of 33.9 ft of water

     1 atm = a head of 760 mm of Hg


    Atmospheric Pressure
     Absolutepressure
     Gauge pressure

    Pabsolute = Pgauge + Patmospheric


    Pressure Measurement
     Bourdon Gauge
     Manometer
     Barometer

     We’vecovered all of this in


    thermodynamics
    Temperature
     We’ve been here too
     Be sure you can use your calculator to
    make conversions between English and
    SI units
    Next time - Homework
     3.3  3.23
     3.6  3.30

     3.7  3.31

     3.13  3.45

     3.14  3.50

     3.16
    Test on Tuesday
     3.17

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