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    CRUTCHES

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    Bebing Costiniano
    Walking aids such as crutches are used to improve balance and relieve weight bearing on a lower extremity that is injured. There are different types of crutches including axillary crutches, forearm crutches, and platform crutches. Proper fitting and techniques for ambulation involve measuring crutch height and adjusting the hand grip, with walking gaits including four-point, three-point, and swing-to. Crutches are used temporarily to assist with mobility during injury recovery.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    CRUTCHES

    Uploaded by

    Bebing Costiniano
    531 views35 pages
    Walking aids such as crutches are used to improve balance and relieve weight bearing on a lower extremity that is injured. There are different types of crutches including axillary crutches, forearm crutches, and platform crutches. Proper fitting and techniques for ambulation involve measuring crutch height and adjusting the hand grip, with walking gaits including four-point, three-point, and swing-to. Crutches are used temporarily to assist with mobility during injury recovery.

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    Walking aids such as crutches are used to improve balance and relieve weight bearing on a lower extremity that is injured. There are different types of crutches including axillary crutches, forearm crutches, and platform crutches. Proper fitting and techniques for ambulation involve measuring crutch height and adjusting the hand grip, with walking gaits including four-point, three-point, and swing-to. Crutches are used temporarily to assist with mobility during injury recovery.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    531 views35 pages

    CRUTCHES

    Uploaded by

    Bebing Costiniano
    Walking aids such as crutches are used to improve balance and relieve weight bearing on a lower extremity that is injured. There are different types of crutches including axillary crutches, forearm crutches, and platform crutches. Proper fitting and techniques for ambulation involve measuring crutch height and adjusting the hand grip, with walking gaits including four-point, three-point, and swing-to. Crutches are used temporarily to assist with mobility during injury recovery.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 35

    m m

    m 
    m Are walking aids made of wood or
    metal in the form of a shaft.

    m Used to improve the balance and to


    relieve weight bearing fully or
    partially on a lower extremity.
    ë  

    w  
       
    
      
     
    
       
    
    
      
    Õ 
    6 
     
    m Mypically used bilaterally and
    function to increase the base
    support, to improve lateral stability,
    and allow the upper extremities to
    transfer body weight to the floor.
    À       
    m Axillary crutch

    m Forearm crutch

    m Platform crutch
       
    m Mhis is the most common type.
    m Wooden or aluminum models can
    be adjusted easily to your overall
    height and hand height.

        
    m Used by slipping the arm into a cuff
    and holding the grip. Mhe cuff,
    typically made of plastic or metal,
    can be a half-circle or a full circle
    with a V-type opening in the front
    allowing the forearm to slip out in
    case of a fall.
    Õ     
    m Mhe arm rests on a horizontal
    platform and is strapped in place.
    Mhe hand rests on a grip which, if
    properly designed, can be angled
    appropriately depending on the
    user's disability.
      
    m §trutters
    - Mhese are a variation on under-
    arm crutches, incorporating large
    soles which remain flat on the floor
    or ground while the user walks.
    - Mhey allow for an improved
    walking gait, and distribute body
    weight to reduce the risk of nerve
    damage caused by underarm
    crutches
      
    m ¦eg §upport
    - Mhese non-traditional crutches are
    useful for users with an injury or
    disability affecting one lower leg only.
    - Mhey function by strapping the affected
    leg into a support frame that
    simultaneously holds the lower leg clear
    of the ground while transferring the load
    from the ground to the user's knee or
    thigh.
      
    m mane
    - a simple crutch used as a mobility aid
    by an injured or disabled person.
    - A cane can serve several different
    functions as appropriate to the needs of
    the individual user; it can aid balance, it
    can support a weakened or painful limb
    or joint, and it can aid in sensing the
    environment.
    ë   Õ  
    
    „easure patient standing or lying
    down:
    m f standing, set crutch length
    approximately 5 cm (2 inches)
    below axilla.
    m f lying down, measure from
    anterior fold of axilla to sole of the
    foot and add 5 cm.
    ë   Õ  
    
    m f using patient¶s height, subtract 40
    cm (16 inches) to obtain crutch
    height.
    m Adjust hand grip to allow 20 to 30
    degrees of flexion at elbow.
    m Use foam rubber pad on underarm
    piece to relieve pressure of crutch.
    w         
    1. Flexion and extension of arms in
    several direction

    2. „oving from a supine position by


    flexing the elbows and pushing
    the hands against the bed
    surfaces
    w         
    3. ¦ifting the body off the bed
    surface by pushing down with the
    hands and extending the elbows.

    4. § ueezing a rubber ball or a


    gripper with the hand.
    M    
    M    
    m Mhe crutches are placed about 15
    cm (6 inches) in front of the feet
    and out laterally about 15 cm (6
    inches), creating a wide base of
    support.
    m Mhe feet are slightly apart
    m  ë 
    1. Four- point gait
    2. Mhree- point gait
    3. Mwo- point gait
    4. §wing-to gait
    5. §wing-through gait

         
    Mhe 4-point gait is used when the patient
    can bear some weight on both lower
    extremities.

    Place the patient in the tripod position and


    instruct him to do the following.
    m (1) „ove the right crutch forward.
    m (2) „ove the left foot forward.
    m (3) „ove the left crutch forward.
    m (4) „ove the right foot forward.
    m (5) Repeat this se uence of crutch-foot-
    crutch-foot for desired ambulation.
    M     
    Mhe 3-point gait is used when the patient
    should not bear any weight on the
    affected leg. Place the patient in the
    tripod position and instruct him to do the
    following.
    m (1) „ove the affected (non-weight
    bearing) leg and both crutches forward
    together.
    m (2) „ove the unaffected (weight bearing)
    leg forward.
    m (3) Repeat this se uence for desired
    ambulation.
    M    
    Mhe 2-point gait is used when the patient
    can bear some weight on both lower
    extremities. Place the patient in the
    tripod position and instruct him to do the
    following.
    m (1) „ove the right leg and left crutch
    forward together.
    m (2) „ove the left leg and the right crutch
    forward together.
    m (3) Repeat this se uence for desired
    ambulation.
    §    
    m Used by the clients with paralysis of
    the legs and hips
    m Prolonged use may result to atrophy of
    the unused muscle

    1. „ove BOM mRUMm§ ahead


    together
    2. ¦ift body weight by the arms and swing
    to the crutches (¦V¦ OF
    mRUMm§)
    §     
    §wing-through gait is used for patients
    with lower extremities that are paralyzed
    and/or in braces. Place the patient in the
    tripod position and instruct him to do the
    following:
    m (1) „ove both crutches forward together
    about 6 inches.
    m (2) „ove both legs forward together
    about 6 inches.
    m (3) Repeat the se uence in rhythm for
    desired ambulation.
    m
    
    
    
     
    m
    mlimbing §tairs with mrutches
    m §tep up with your unaffected leg.
    m Follow with crutches and your affected
    leg.

    Descending §tairs:
    m §tep down with the crutches and your
    affected leg.
    m Follow with your unaffected leg.
    m Remember: r 
      
    r

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