Functions 11-TD A (Group 4)

FUNCTIO
NSPREPARED BY: GROUP 4

REYES,JO ANN
RAPI, PHILIP ANDREW
SORIANO, CHALMERS JOSEF
SERRANO , JOHANN MOZART
SINGH,ANGELITO
PIECEWISE
FUNCTION
In mathematics, a piecewise-defined function (also called a piecewise function or
a hybrid function) is a function defined by multiple sub-functions, each sub-
function applying to a certain interval of the main function's domain, a sub-domain.
Piecewise is actually a way of expressing the function, rather than a characteristic
of the function itself, but with additional qualification, it can describe the nature of
the function. For example, a piecewise polynomial function is a function that is a
polynomial on each of its sub-domains, but possibly a different one on each.
EXAMPLE PROBLEM
A user is charged P300 monthly for a
particular mobile plan, which includes
100 free text messages. Messages in
excess of 100 are charged P1 each.
Represent the monthly cost for text
messaging using the function t(m), where
m is the number of messages sent in a
month.
SOLUTION
THE COST OF TEXT MESSAGING CAN BE EXPRESSED BY THE PIECEWISE
FUNCTION:
t(m) = ,if 0 < m ≤ 100

, if m > 100
RATIONAL
FUNCTION
In mathematics, a rational function is any function which can be defined by a rational
fraction, i.e. an algebraic fraction such that both the numerator and the denominator are
polynomials. The coefficients of the polynomials need not be rational numbers; they may be
taken in any field K. In this case, one speaks of a rational function and a rational fraction over K.
The values of the variables may be taken in any field L containing K. Then the domain of the
function is the set of the values of the variables for which the denominator is not zero and the
codomain is L.
EXAMPLE PROBLEM

Sketch the graph of the following
function. Clearly identify all intercepts
and asymptotes.
f(x)
SOLUTION
Let’s first find the intercepts for this function.
The y-intercept is the point (0,f(0))=(0,2)(0,f(0))=(0,2).
For the xx-intercepts we set the numerator equal to
zero and solve. However, in this case the numerator is
a constant (-4 specifically) and so can’t ever be zero.
Therefore, this function will have no xx-intercepts.
We can find any vertical asymptotes be setting the denominator
equal to zero and solving. Doing that for this function gives,
x−2=0→x=2x−2=0→x=2So, we’ll have a vertical asymptote
at x=2x=2.
For this equation the largest exponent of xx in the numerator is

zero since the numerator is a constant. The largest exponent
of xx in the denominator is 1, which is larger than the largest
exponent in the numerator, and so the xx-axis will be the
horizontal asymptote
From Step 2 we saw we only have one vertical asymptote and so
we only have two regions to our graph : x<2x<2 and x>2x>2.
We’ll need a point in each region to determine if it will be above
or below the horizontal asymptote. Here are a couple of function
evaluations for the points.
f(0)=2→(0,2)f(3)=−4→(3,−4)f(0)=2→(0,2)f(3)=−4→(3,−4)
Note that the first evaluation didn’t really need to be done since
it was just the yy-intercept which we had already found in the
first step. It was included here mostly for the sake of
completeness.
Here is a sketch of the function with the points found
above. The vertical asymptote is indicated with a blue
dashed line and recall that the horizontal asymptote is
just the xx-axis.
RATIONAL
INEQUALITY
FUNCTION
A rational inequality is an inequality which contains a rational expression. The trick to
dealing with rational inequalities is to always work with zero on one side of the inequality.
Re-write the problem if necessary to obtain a zero on one side!
EXAMPLE PROBLEM

Solve the following
inequality.
SOLUTION
The first thing we need to do is get a zero on one side of the
inequality and then, if possible, factor the numerator and
denominator as much as possible.
For this problem we already have zero on one side of the inequality
and there is no factoring to do with the problem.
Recall from the discussion in the notes for this section that the
rational expression can only change sign where the numerator is
zero and/or where the denominator is zero.
We can see that the numerator will be zero at,
x=4x=4
and the denominator will be zero at,
x=−3x=−3
Just as we did with polynomial inequalities all we need to do is check the rational expression at test
points in each region between the points from the previous step. The rational expression will have
the same sign as the sign at the test point since it can only change sign at those points.
Here is a sketch of a number line with the points from the previous step graphed on it. We’ll also
show the test point computations on the number line as well. Here is the number line.
All we need to do now is get the solution from the number line in the previous step. Here is both the
inequality and interval notation from of the answer.
−3<x<4
(−3,4)
INVERSE
FUNCTION
In mathematics, an inverse function (or anti-function[1]) is a function that "reverses"
another function: if the function fapplied to an input x gives a result of y, then applying
its inverse function g to y gives the result x, and vice versa, i.e., f(x) = y if and only if g(y)
= x
EXAMPLE PROBLEM
Find the inverse of rational

function
f(x)= (2x + 1) ÷ (3x - 4)
SOLUTION
The equation of function is: y = (2x + 1) ÷ (3x - 4)
Interchange the x and y variables : x = (2y + 1) ÷ (3y - 4)
Solve for the y in terms of
x: x = (2y + 1) ÷ (3y - 4) x (3y - 4) = 2y + 1 3xy - 4x = 2y + 1 3xy
- 2y = 4x + 1
(Place all terms with y on one side and those without y on the
other side) y (3x - 2) = 4x + 1 y = (4x + 1) ÷ (3x - 2)
Therefore the inverse of
f(x) = (2x + 1) ÷ (3x - 4) is f-¹ (x) = (4x + 1) ÷ (3x - 2)
QUADRATIC
FUNCTION
In algebra, a quadratic function, a quadratic polynomial, a polynomial of degree 2, or
simply a quadratic, is a polynomial function with one or more variables in which the
highest-degree term is of the second degree.
EXAMPLE EQUATION
Solve the following Quadratic
equation by Factoring.
y²=11y-28=0
SOLUTION
The first thing we need to do is get everything on one side of the
equation and then factor the quadratic.
y²=11y-28=0 (y-4)(y-7)=0
Now all we need to do is use the zero factor property to get,

y-4=0 y-7=0 y=4 y=7
Therefore the two solutions are : y=4 and y=7 We’ll leave it to
you to verify that they really are solutions if you’d like to by
plugging them back into the equation.

Functions 11-TD A (Group 4)

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Functions 11-TD A (Group 4)

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FUNCTIO

NSPREPARED BY: GROUP 4

t(m) = ,if 0 < m ≤ 100

For this equation the largest exponent of xx in the numerator is

Find the inverse of rational

Now all we need to do is use the zero factor property to get,

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