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    Learning Style & Learning Theory

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    Agistha Novta
    Learning theories describe different views of the learning process and how knowledge is acquired. Three main theories discussed in the document are: 1. Behaviorism sees learning as the formation of associations between stimuli and responses through reinforcement. Cognitivism views learning as an active process where the mind functions like a computer to process and store information. 2. Constructivism proposes that learners construct knowledge based on their own experiences and that learning occurs through social interaction and collaboration. 3. Connectivism describes learning as connecting information to build knowledge, with the connections that enable learning lying outside the learners themselves.

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    Learning Style & Learning Theory

    Uploaded by

    Agistha Novta
    83 views30 pages
    Learning theories describe different views of the learning process and how knowledge is acquired. Three main theories discussed in the document are: 1. Behaviorism sees learning as the formation of associations between stimuli and responses through reinforcement. Cognitivism views learning as an active process where the mind functions like a computer to process and store information. 2. Constructivism proposes that learners construct knowledge based on their own experiences and that learning occurs through social interaction and collaboration. 3. Connectivism describes learning as connecting information to build knowledge, with the connections that enable learning lying outside the learners themselves.

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    Learning Style & Learning Theory_

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    Learning theories describe different views of the learning process and how knowledge is acquired. Three main theories discussed in the document are: 1. Behaviorism sees learning as the formation of associations between stimuli and responses through reinforcement. Cognitivism views learning as an active process where the mind functions like a computer to process and store information. 2. Constructivism proposes that learners construct knowledge based on their own experiences and that learning occurs through social interaction and collaboration. 3. Connectivism describes learning as connecting information to build knowledge, with the connections that enable learning lying outside the learners themselves.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    83 views30 pages

    Learning Style & Learning Theory

    Uploaded by

    Agistha Novta
    Learning theories describe different views of the learning process and how knowledge is acquired. Three main theories discussed in the document are: 1. Behaviorism sees learning as the formation of associations between stimuli and responses through reinforcement. Cognitivism views learning as an active process where the mind functions like a computer to process and store information. 2. Constructivism proposes that learners construct knowledge based on their own experiences and that learning occurs through social interaction and collaboration. 3. Connectivism describes learning as connecting information to build knowledge, with the connections that enable learning lying outside the learners themselves.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 30

    LEARNING STYLE &

    LEARNING THEORY

    dr. Mia Kusmiati, MPd.Ked


    INTRODUCTION

    ❖Definisi gaya belajar: cara-cara khas individu


    terhadap pendekatan berbeda untuk tugas
    pembelajaran .
    ❖ Tiga pendekatan gaya belajar yang terkait
    dengan motivasi dan tujuan
    1. Surface learning
    2. Deep learning
    3. Strategic learning
    Style Motivation Process

    Surface menyelesaikan program Belajar hapalan fakta dan ide


    takut terhadap kegagalan Fokus pada komponen tugas yang terisolasi
    sedikit minat terhadap konten

    Deep Minat terhadap materi Menghubungkan gagasan dgn bukti


    relevansi bidang ttt (kejuruan) Integrasi materi seluruh program
    Pemahaman personal Identifikasi prinsip-prinsip general

    Strategic Mencapai ‘high grades’ Menggunakan teknik–teknik tertentu utk


    Bersaing dengan orang lain mencapai ‘high grade’
    Menjadi sukses Level pemahaman merata dan bervariasi
    SURFACE LEARNING
    ❖Studying the minimum of what needs to be
    learned
    ❖Relying primarily on rote memorization,
    often exercised at the last minute[Cramming]
    ❖Motivation comes from grades
    ❖In a hurry to get it over with.
    ❖Risky – no real learning occurs
    ❖Much less likely to lead to college success
    Fascinating!
    I need to
    DEEP LEARNING know more…

    ❖Goal is to truly understand course material


    ❖Involves actively constructing learning experiences
    ❖Leads to better memory retention
    ❖Deep learners enjoy the process of learning for
    its own sake
    ❖Deep learners use more thinking skills
    ADULT LEARNING STYLES:
    ❖These include learning styles based on the
    senses
    that are involved in:
    a. processing information
    b. theories of intelligence, including
    emotional intelligence and “multiple
    intelligences”
    c. preferences for learning conditions
    TYPE OF LEARNING STYLE

    ❖Visual learner → Graphic illustrations, color codes to highlight

    maps, walls chart, drawing design, taking notes during a lecture,


    instructors to repeat verbal directions.
    ❖ Auditory learner → A verbal presentation , group
    discussions , verbal cues, words to accompany a cartoon;
    oral reports of working groups.
    ❖ Kinesthetic learners→ Movement, hands-on experience ,
    gesture while making a point; role play exercises, “just
    doing it” rather than talking about it.
    CHARACTERISTIC OF VISUAL STYLE
    ❖When I see it, then I understand
    ❖Lebih mengerti instruksi tulisan lebih baik
    daripd
    lisan
    ❖Mudah terlaihkan oleh suara
    ❖Menyukai lingkungan yang tenang,tdk gaduh,
    untuk bisa konsentrasi
    ❖ Highlighted & used colour→visual new
    concept,learn item quickly
    AUDITORY LEARNERS
    ❖Prefer to hear information spoken
    ❖Can absorb a lecture with little effort
    ❖May not need careful notes to learn.
    ❖Often avoid eye contact in order to
    concentrate
    ❖May read aloud to themselves
    ❖Like background music when they study
    TACTILE OR KINESTHETIC LEARNERS
    ❖Prefer touch as their primary mode for taking in information
    ❖In traditional lecture situations, they should write out
    important facts
    ❖Create study sheets connected to vivid examples
    ❖Role-playing can help them learn and remember
    important ideas Okay, I
    ❖May benefit by using manipulatives get it
    now.
    CURRY MODEL:
    LEARNING BEHAVIOR

    ❖Instructional preference → lapisan paling luar, paling


    mudah diobservasi dan paling rentan dipengaruhi
    ❖Social Interaction→ kesukaan individu dlm interaksi
    sosial selama pembelajaran
    ❖Information processing style → pendekatan
    intelektual individu
    ❖Cognitive personality style → komponen terkuat
    OVER A PERIOD OF 3 DAYS,

    ❖Learning retention is as follows:


    • 10% of what you read.
    • 20% of what you hear.
    • 30% of what you see.
    • 50% of what you see and hear.
    • 70% of what you say.
    • 90% of what you say as you do (pike 1989)
    ADULT PREFERENCES REGARDING A LEARNING
    ENVIRONMENT
    MYERS-BRIGGS PERSONALITY INVENTORY (MBTI)

    ❖Extraversion/Introversion E/I

    ❖Sensing/Intuiting S/N
    ❖Thinking/Feeling T/F

    ❖Judging/Perceiving J/P
    EXTRAVERSION/INTROVERSION
    (SOCIAL ORIENTATION)
    ❖Extroverts
    • Like talking with others and taking action.
    • Prefer active learning and group projects.

    ❖Introverts
    • Prefer to have others do the talking.
    • Prefer lectures and structured tasks.
    SENSING/INTUITING
    (INFORMATION PROCESSING)
    ❖Sensors
    • Are most at home with facts and examples.
    • Are drawn to realistic and practical applications.
    • Prefer memorizable facts, and concrete questions.
    • Intuiters
    • Prefer concepts and theories which can give greater play to imagination
    and inspiration.
    • Prefer interpretation and imagination.
    THINKING/FEELING
    (DECISION MAKING)
    ❖Thinkers
    • Like to take an objective approach and emphasize
    logic and analysis in their decisions.
    • Prefer objective feedback, and thrive when there is
    pressure to succeed.
    ❖Feelers
    • Prefer emotion to logic.
    • Give greater weight to the impact of
    relationships in their decisions.
    • Prefer positive feedback and individual
    recognition.
    My mind is
    JUDGING/PERCEIVING made up!
    Don’t confuse
    (ACHIEVING GOALS) me with facts.
    ❖Judgers
    • Prefer clearly defined strategies to
    achieve goals.
    • May jump to closure too quickly.
    • Prefer orderliness, structure, and
    deadlines.
    ❖Perceivers Let’s think this through
    • Like to consider all sides to a problem
    and may be at some risk for not
    completing their work.
    • Prefer spontaneity and flexibility.
    HOWARD GARDNER (1982), “MULTIPLE
    INTELLIGENCES” THEORY:

    1.Verbal and linguistic.


    2.Logical and mathematical..
    3.Musical.
    4.Kinesthetic.
    5.Visual and spatial..
    6.Interpersonal.
    7.Intrapersonal.
    8.Naturalistic
    INSTRUCTION BASED ON 5 BASIC
    PRINCIPLES
    1)Leadership
    2)Experience
    3) Appeal→ Adult learners are motivated to
    learn when they have a need to know
    4)Respect→ esteem
    5) Novel Styles → defined as different, unique
    learning styles and preferences
    LEARNING THEORY
    KIND OF LEARNING THEORY

    ❖Behaviorism
    ❖Cognitivism
    ❖Constructivism
    ❖Connectivism
    BEHAVIORISM
    ❖The behaviorists learning is a mechanical
    process of associating the stimulus with
    response, which produces a new behavior→
    JB Watson, Ivan Pavlov
    ❖The learner as a passive person who
    responds to the stimuli.
    ❖Nature of reward, punishment, stimuli
    ❖Lecture-based, highly structured
    COGNITIVISM
    ❖the study of the mind and how it obtains,
    processes, and stores information.
    (Stavredes,2011)
    ❖  learners are active participants in their
    learning, and the mind functions like a
    computer processor.
    ❖ suited well for problem solving
    ❖ Knowledge is stored
    cognitively as symbols
    CONSTRUCTIVISM
    ❖The study of a learner's own construction of
    knowledge
    ❖Social constructivism → Lev Vygotsky
    ❖cognitive constructivism→ Jean Piaget-
    knowledge
    is constructed by either assimilation or
    accommodation.
    Learners may collaborate with
    others to organize their ideas and learn from
    each other to construct their own
    knowledge.
    CONNECTIVISM
    ❖A learning theory, in which knowledge exists
    outside of the learner.
    ❖The learner makes connections between
    information to build knowledge.
    SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY (SLT)

    ❖Grew out of Cognitivism


    ❖A. Bandura (1973)
    ❖Learning takes place through observation
    and sensorial experiences
    ❖Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery
    ❖SLT is the basis of the movement against
    violence in media & video games
    HUMANIST
    ❖All students are intrinsically motivated to
    self actualize or learn
    ❖Learning is dependent upon meeting a
    hierarchy of needs (physiological,
    psychological and intellectual)
    ❖Learning should be reinforced.
    SUMMARY
    Learning Theory Learning Process Technology Support
    Through positive/ Educational software
    Behaviorism negative reinforcement can be used to
    and punishment measure the students
    assessment
    Rehearsing Flashcards and
    Cognitivism information and then memory games can
    storing it for long term help retain information
    use taught in a lesson
    Constructing ones own Group PowerPoint
    Constructivism knowledge through past projects allow students to
    experiences and group work together and
    collaboration combine their knowledge
    to learn
    SUMMARY
    Learning Theory Learning Process Technology/
    Support
    Through environment, exists outside of
    Connectivism connect information to the learner
    build knowledge

    Social Through observation


    Learning and sensorial Violence media and
    experiences-imitation video games
    Theory
    Humanist Through meeting a should be reinforced
    hierarchy of needs

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