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    Water-Resources

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    nobody
    The document discusses various topics related to fresh water resources including the water cycle, groundwater, aquifers, surface water, water footprints, causes of water scarcity, and ways to increase fresh water supplies such as withdrawing groundwater, building dams and reservoirs, transporting water, and desalination. It also discusses how to use water more sustainably and reduce flooding threats.

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    Water-Resources

    Uploaded by

    nobody
    33 views23 pages
    The document discusses various topics related to fresh water resources including the water cycle, groundwater, aquifers, surface water, water footprints, causes of water scarcity, and ways to increase fresh water supplies such as withdrawing groundwater, building dams and reservoirs, transporting water, and desalination. It also discusses how to use water more sustainably and reduce flooding threats.

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    Water-Resources.

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    The document discusses various topics related to fresh water resources including the water cycle, groundwater, aquifers, surface water, water footprints, causes of water scarcity, and ways to increase fresh water supplies such as withdrawing groundwater, building dams and reservoirs, transporting water, and desalination. It also discusses how to use water more sustainably and reduce flooding threats.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    33 views23 pages

    Water-Resources

    Uploaded by

    nobody
    The document discusses various topics related to fresh water resources including the water cycle, groundwater, aquifers, surface water, water footprints, causes of water scarcity, and ways to increase fresh water supplies such as withdrawing groundwater, building dams and reservoirs, transporting water, and desalination. It also discusses how to use water more sustainably and reduce flooding threats.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    Water Resources

    Will we have enough


    usable water?
    Water is an amazing and
    irreplaceable chemical with unique
    properties that keep us and other
    forms of life alive.
    WATER
    • Polar inorganic compound
    • Colorless and tasteless at room temperature
    • Universal solvent
    • Most abundant substance on Earth (solid, liquid,
    gas)
    • Has a high boiling point and high heat capacity
    • Amphoteric
    The world’s fresh water supply is
    continually collected, purified, recycled,
    and distributed in the earth’s hydrologic
    cycle.
    Groundwater

    Groundwater is one of the most


    important sources of fresh water and a
    key component of earth’s natural capital.
    Aquifer
    Aquifer, in hydrology, is a rock layer that contains
    water and releases it in appreciable amounts.
    Wells can be drilled into many aquifers, and they are
    one of the most important sources of fresh water on
    Earth.
    Aquifers are typically saturated regions of the
    subsurface that produce an economically feasible
    quantity of water to a well or spring 
    Aquifers
    • Unconfined: water flows freely
    • Confined: water flow is restricted by
    impermeable layers called aquicludes

    • Non artesian and artesian wells


    Surface Water
    • The freshwater from precipitation and melted
    snow.

    Surface Runoff
    • Precipitation that does not infiltrate the ground or
    return to the atmosphere by evaporation
    Water Footprints
    running faucets
    23%
    • It is a measure of the volume Flushing
    of32%water
    toilets
    that we use
    directly and indirectly to keep ourselves alive and to
    support our lifestyles
    Taking showers, 14%

    • In America, each day, the American uses 260 liters of


    water Washing clothes
    25%

    Flushing toilets Washing clothes Taking showers running faucets


    What causes waters scarcity in any particular
    area are a dry climate, drought, too many
    people using a water supply more quickly
    than it can be replenished, and wasteful use
    of water.
    How do we increase fresh water
    supplies?
    Ways to increase fresh water supplies

    • Withdrawing groundwater
    • Building dams and reservoirs
    • Transporting water
    • Desalination
    Withdrawing groundwater
    ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
    Useful for drinking and Aquifer depletion from
    irrigation over pumping

    Sinking of land
    Exists almost everywhere
    (subsidence) from
    overpumping
    Renewable if not over
    pumped or contaminated Pollution of aquifers lasts
    decades or centuries

    Cheaper to extract than Deeper wells are non


    most surface waters renewable
    Building dams
    A dam is a structure built across a river to control the river’s
    flow.
    The main goals of a dam and reservoirs system are to capture
    and store run off, and release it as needed to control flood,
    generate electricity, and supply water for irrigation and for towns
    and cities.
    Reservoirs also provide recreational activities such as
    swimming, fishing, and boating.
    Transferring water
    • Water transfers can be wasteful and
    environmentally harmful
    Desalination
    List of Pros of Desalination
    1. Its method is proven and effective.
    2. Its method is highly understood. 
    3. It would preserve current freshwater supplies. 
    4. It has the massive amount of ocean water as
    source. 
    5. It is not dependent on changing factors. 
    6. Its plants are safely located.
    List of Cons of Desalination
    • 1. Its plants are expensive to build. 
    • 2. It can be a very costly process. 
    • 3. It requires a lot of energy to process. 
    • 4. It contributes to the world’s greenhouse gas
    emissions. 
    • 5. Its resulting brine can have a dramatic
    environmental impact. 
    • 6. It might risk producing contaminated water. 
    How can we use water more
    sustainably?
    We can use water more sustainably by cutting
    water waste, raising water prices, slowing
    population growth, and protect aquifers, forests
    and other ecosystems that store and release
    water
    How can we reduce the threat of flooding?

    We can lessen the threat of flooding by


    protecting more wetlands and natural
    vegetation in watersheds, and by not building in
    areas subject to frequent flooding

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