Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC)

Hazard Identification, Risk
Assessment and Risk

Control (HIRARC)
PROGRAM RATIONALE
Knowledge: This is a knowledge-based cum practical
learning program that covers the steps involved in
Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control
(HIRARC), and use it to minimize and for prevent safety
& health hazard in the work place, in order to improve
productivity and efficiency. This is an important
requirement to meet one of the requirements of
Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series
(OHSAS) 18001 2007 and Occupational health & Safety
Legal requirements
Skills & Attitude: Participants shall develop skills in

assessing the safety and health risks at their workplaces

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION,
RISK ASSESSMENT AND
DETERMINING CONTROLS
-Identify hazards, assessment of risks &
implementation of control measures
-Results of assessment are considered for OH & S
objectives setting
-Information to be kept up to date
Hazard Identification, Risk
Assessment And Risk
Controls (HIRARC)

-Identify hazards, assessment of risks and
implementation of control measures
-results of assessment are considered for OH & S
objectives setting
-Information to be kept up to date
When to do Risk
Assessment?
 Establishing new work/organization.
 Review when have changes:
-Changes in work pattern/requirements.
-Materials, machinery or process change.
-Laws/Regulation Amendments.
-OHS knowledge/technology improvement.
TERMINOLOGY &
REQUIREMENTS OF RISK
MANAGEMENT (HIRARC)
Routine Activity
When operations are performed in accordance as
plan or return the operation conditions
Non-Routine Activity
When there is deviation from plan or operating
conditions giving rise to charge in product specification or
minor accident.
Hazard
A source of a solution with a potential for harm in
terms of human injury or ill health, damaged to property,
damage to the environment or a combination of these.
RISK
-is the combination of the likelihood and severity of a
specified hazardous event occurring. In
mathematical term, risk can be calculated by the
equation
Risk = Likelihood (L) X Severity (S)
Terminology & Requirements
of Risk Management
(HIRARC)
HIRARC
Hazard Identification
-Process of recognizing that a hazard exists &
defining its characteristics
Of Risk Management
(HIRARC)
HIRARC
Risk Assessment - Process of evaluating the
risk(s) arising from hazard(s), taking into account
adequacy of exiting controls & deciding whether or
not the risk is acceptable
Of Risk Management
(HIRARC)
HIRARC
Risk Control
-Identification of practicable measures for
eliminating or reducing the risk, to implement the
measures and to continually review the mesures in
order to ensure their effectiveness.
PURPOSE OF HIRARC
 To identify all the factors that may cause harm to

employees and others (the hazards);
 To consider what the chances are of that harm
actually be falling anyone in the circumstances of
a particular case and the possible severity that
could come from it (the risks); and
 To enable employers to plan, introduce and
monitor preventive measures to ensure that the
risks are adequately controlled at all times.
Process of HIRARC
requires & simple steps-
A. Classify work activities;
B. Identify hazard
C. Conduct risk assessment (analyze and estimate
risk from each hazard), by calculating or
estimating –
I. -Likelihood of occurrence, and
II. -Severity of hazard;
D. Decide if risk is tolerable and apply risk
control measures (if necessary)
A. CLASSIFY WORK
ACTIVITIES
Geographical or physical areas within/outside

premises;
Stages in production/service process;
Routine & Non-routine activities
B. HAZARD
IDENTIFICATION –
Types of Hazards
1. Chemical hazards
2. Physical Hazards
3. Biological Hazards
4. Ergonomic Hazards
5. Mechanical Hazards
6. Electrical Hazards
7. Fire/flammability/Explosion hazards
C. ANALYZE AND
ESTIMATE RISK
Risk = Likelihood (L) X Severity (S)
Likelihood – event likely to occur within the specific
period or in specified circumstances
Severity – outcome from an event such as severity
of injury or health of people, or damage to property,
or any combination of those caused by the event.
RISK CONTROL
When to take the Action?

Significant Risk when is legal non-compliance
Significant Risk when is High-Medium risk
RISK CONTROL
Objectives, Targets & programs (a.ka.) Action

Plans
The significant Risks levels identified shall be
considered for OHS objectives, targets & programs
setting. Objectives and targets established shall be
reviewed in the management review.
IMPLEMENT RISK
CONTROL ACTIONS
D. RISK CONTROL STEPS
-Remove hazards at source before applying

administrative measures.
-Prioritizes according to hierarchy of control.
- Establish affected employees prior to
implementation
TYPES OF CONTROLS:
At the source hazards by “Elimination or substitution”

e.g For example, a salvage firm might decide to stop
buying and cutting up scrapped bulk fuel tanks due
to explosion hazards.
TYPES OF CONTROLS:
Engineering Controls
Example;
Redesign – for example, containers can be made easier
to hold and lift.
Isolation – For example, an insulated & air-conditioned
control room can protect operations from a toxic
chemical.
Automation – For example, computer-controlled robots
can handle spot welding operations in car plants.
IMPLEMENT THE
CONTROL ACTIONS
Types of controls:
Engineering Controls
Example:
Barriers – For example, special curtains can prevent eye
injuries from welding arc radiation. Proper equipment
guarding will protect workers from contacting moving
parts.
Absorption – baffles can block or absorb noise. Lockout
systems can isolate energy.
Dilution – For example, ventilation systems can dilute
toxic gasses before they reach operators.
IMPLEMENT THE
CONTROL ACTIONS
Types of controls:
Administrative Controls
Example:
Safe work procedures – workers can be required to
use standardized safety practices.
Supervision and training
Job rotations – can reduce the time that workers are
exposed to a hazard
IMPLEMENT THE
CONTROL ACTIONS
Types of controls:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
-clothing is used when other controls measures are not
feasible and where additional protection is needed.
Last choice
-Workers must be trained to use and maintain
equipment properly.
-The employer and workers must understand the
limitations of the personal protective equipment.
-The employer is expected to require workers to use
their equipment whatever it is needed.
-Care must be taken to ensure that equipment is
working properly.
IMPLEMENT THE
CONTROL ACTIONS
Types of controls:
Safe Work Procedures
-Step by step instructions that allow workers to
conduct their work safety when hazards are present.
-Identifies the materials and equipment needed, and
how when to use them safety.
IMPLEMENT THE CONTROL
ACTIONS
Types of controls:
Safe Work Procedures must include:
-regulatory requirements;
-necessary personal protective equipment;
Required training;
-worker responsibilities;
-specific sequence of steps to follow to complete the
work safety;
Required permits; and
-emergency procedures.
Review & Verify Action Plans
Before Implementation
Will the revised controls lead to low risk levels?

Are new hazards created?
Has the most cost-effective solution been chosen?
What do people affected think about the need for,
and practicality of, the revised preventive measures?
Will the revised controls be used in practice, and not
ignored in the face of, for example, pressures to get
the job done?
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
D. RISK CONTROL STEPS
A) Elimination (-remove hazard) & Substitution (-
use less hazardous ones)
B) Isolation (-barriers, etc) & Engineering (-
guarding)
C) Administrative
- Safe work practices
-labeling/Training
D) PPE – last resort!
Thank you!

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Hazard Identification, Risk

Assessment and Risk

Skills & Attitude: Participants shall develop skills in

 To identify all the factors that may cause harm to

Geographical or physical areas within/outside

When to take the Action?

Objectives, Targets & programs (a.ka.) Action

-Remove hazards at source before applying

At the source hazards by “Elimination or substitution”

Will the revised controls lead to low risk levels?

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