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    Molecular Diffusion in Solids

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    kiran367
    This document discusses molecular diffusion in solids. It begins by introducing diffusion in solids and some example applications. Diffusion in solids is then categorized into two groups: those that follow Fick's law regardless of structure, and those in porous solids that depend on structure. Several equations for flux are provided for diffusion through slabs, cylinders, and multilayer solids. Diffusion in porous solids is also discussed, with effective diffusivity equations provided for liquid and gas diffusion that account for void fraction and tortuosity. Examples are given to illustrate the concepts and equations.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Molecular Diffusion in Solids

    Uploaded by

    kiran367
    98 views11 pages
    This document discusses molecular diffusion in solids. It begins by introducing diffusion in solids and some example applications. Diffusion in solids is then categorized into two groups: those that follow Fick's law regardless of structure, and those in porous solids that depend on structure. Several equations for flux are provided for diffusion through slabs, cylinders, and multilayer solids. Diffusion in porous solids is also discussed, with effective diffusivity equations provided for liquid and gas diffusion that account for void fraction and tortuosity. Examples are given to illustrate the concepts and equations.

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    This document discusses molecular diffusion in solids. It begins by introducing diffusion in solids and some example applications. Diffusion in solids is then categorized into two groups: those that follow Fick's law regardless of structure, and those in porous solids that depend on structure. Several equations for flux are provided for diffusion through slabs, cylinders, and multilayer solids. Diffusion in porous solids is also discussed, with effective diffusivity equations provided for liquid and gas diffusion that account for void fraction and tortuosity. Examples are given to illustrate the concepts and equations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    98 views11 pages

    Molecular Diffusion in Solids

    Uploaded by

    kiran367
    This document discusses molecular diffusion in solids. It begins by introducing diffusion in solids and some example applications. Diffusion in solids is then categorized into two groups: those that follow Fick's law regardless of structure, and those in porous solids that depend on structure. Several equations for flux are provided for diffusion through slabs, cylinders, and multilayer solids. Diffusion in porous solids is also discussed, with effective diffusivity equations provided for liquid and gas diffusion that account for void fraction and tortuosity. Examples are given to illustrate the concepts and equations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    Molecular Diffusion in Solids


    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    Introduction
     Diffusion of solute in solid is slower than diffusion of solute in
    liquid and gases

     Example application:
     Leaching of food
     Drying of timber, salt, food, etc.
     Catalytic reaction in solid catalyst
     Separation of fluid by membrane

     Diffusion solute in solids can be categorized into two group


    1. Diffusion which follow Fick’s law and does not depend on the
    actual structure of the solid
    2. Diffusion in porous solids which is depend on the actual
    structure and void structure of the solid

    2
    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    Diffusion in Solids which Follow Fick’s Law and Does


    Not Depend on The Structure of Solids
     Diffusion occur when the fluid or solute diffusing dissolve in the
    solid to form a more or less homogeneous solution

    Diffusion in Solid General Equation Neglect convective


    term and assume
    DAB≠ DBA dc A
    N A   D AB constant
    dz concentration

    Slab Solid Cylinder Wall


    (c A1  c A 2 ) 2L
    N A   D AB N A   D AB (c A1  c A2 )
    ( z 2  z1 ) In(r2 / r1 )
    r1: inner radius r2: outer radius

    3
    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    Diffusion in Solids which Follow Fick’s Law and Does


    Not Depend on The Structure of Solids
     Sometimes flux can be expressed in term of solubility (S)
    S= m3 (STP) /m3 solid . atm SI units
    S= cm3 (STP) /cm3 solid . atm cgs units

     Relation between solubility and concentration


    SI unit cgs unit

    Sp A kgmol A Sp A gmol A
    cA  cA 
    22.414 m 3 solid 22414 cm 3 solid

     Equation for flux: (SI unit)


    D AB S ( p A1  p A 2 )
    NA 
    22.414( z 2  z1 )
    4
    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    Diffusion in Solids which Follow Fick’s Law and Does


    Not Depend on The Structure of Solids
     Many data in literature do not the value of DAB and S , but more
    often in term of permeability, PM
     Then the flux is expressed as:

    PM ( p A1  p A 2 )
    NA 
    22.414( z 2  z1 )

     Several unit for PM in literature

    PM = DABS PM=m3(STP)/(s.m2.atm/m) SI unit


    PM=10-4 P’M P’M= cm3(STP)/(s.cm2.atm/cm) cgs unit
    PM=7.60 x 10-4 P’M P”M= cm3(STP)/(s.cm2.cmHg/mm)

    5
    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    Diffusion in Solids which Follow Fick’s Law and Does


    Not Depend on The Structure of Solids
     When several layer solid 1,2,3…..in series and L1,L2,L3…represent
    thickness, flux for diffusion in solid is:

    ( p A1  p A 2 ) 1
    NA 
    22.414  L1 L2 L3 
        ...
     PM 1 PM 2 PM 3 

    6
    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    Class Discussion
    Example

    7
    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    Class Discussion
    Example 6.5-2

    2005/2006 I Syed Mohd Saufi 8


    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    Diffusion in Porous Solids that Depend on the Structure

     Concerned about the porous solid that have pores or


    interconnected void in solid which will affect the diffusion

    Diffusion in Porous Solids

    Diffusion of Liquid Diffusion of Gases

    D AB (c A1  c A2 ) D AB (c A1  c A 2 ) D AB ( p A1  p A 2 )
    NA  NA  
     ( z 2  z1 )  ( z 2  z1 ) RT ( z 2  z1 )

    ε –void fraction; τ –tortuosity; DA,eff=(ε DAB/ τ)=effective diffusivity

    2005/2006 I Syed Mohd Saufi 9


    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    10
    BKC3413: Chapter 5 FKKSA, KUKTEM

    11

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