Guided Missile

WHAT IS A MISSLE?
• A flying weapon that has its own engine so that it can travel a long
distance before exploding at the place that it has been aimed at.
• Missile have four system components guidance, flight system ,

propulsion system and warhead.
INTRODUCTION
• The word missile comes from the latin word mittre which literally
mean to send.
• They are basically rockets which are for the destructive purposes only.
• Missiles differ from rockets by virtue of guidance system that steers
them towards a pre-selected target.
• Missiles are often used in warfare as a means of delivering destructive
force (usually in the form of explosive warhead) upon a target.
GUIDANCE SYSTEM
• Missiles may be targeted in a number of ways.The most common
method is to use some form of radiation, such as infrared, lasers or
radio waves, to guide the missiles into the target.
• There are two types of guidance system.
• G-O-T (Go onto target)

• G-O-L-I-S (Go onto location in space)
TYPES OF MISSILES
• Guided missiles are guided to or acquire their targets via a radar signal, wire, laser or
most recently GPS.
• Radar signal- Missiles use radar signals to acquire their targets.
• Wire missile- Fine wire are wound in the tail section of the missile and unwinds as
the missile travels to the target. Missiles proceed in linear direction.
• Buzzword missile- Fires the missile, and than immediately return backs to his cover
(fire and forget).
• Laser missile- It uses a laser of certain frequency bandwidth to acquire their target.
• GPS missile- missiles after being launch , could deliver a warhead ta any part of the
globe via the interface of onboard computer in missile with GPS satellite system.
LASER GUIDANCE
• A laser designator device calculates relative
position to a highlighted target. Most are familiar
with the military uses of technology on laser
guided bomb. The space shuttle crew leverages a
hand held device to feed information into
rendezvous planning. The primary limitation on
the device is that it require a line of sight between
the target and the designator
INTRODUCTION OF LASER
• If the electron in certain materials are stimulated with enough energy,
they emit light waves, which can be amplified and made to travel
together in a narrow beam. The beam is called a laser.
• The laser designator is used to paint a spot on a target , marking its so
that a guided weapon such as a missile can find and destroy it.
• The use of laser beams to destroy targets is limited by the large
amount of power needed and also by airborne dust, which weakens
the laser by absorbing its energy.
BASIC PRINCIPLE
• The basic principle is technically called the semi active
homing. Somebody, it could be the pilot or a soldier on
the ground, shines a laser beam on the target. On striking
the target this laser beam is reflected. Now when the
LGM is released from the aircraft, it looks out for this
reflected laser beam. Once it deflects the particular laser
it has been program to search for, it uses its control to
move forwards the target. How accurately it strikes the
target will depend upon how well it can maneuver.
THE CONSTRUCTION
• The detector assembly: This is the subsystem which
looks out for the reflected laser energy. It also keeps
looking forward toward the laser spot.
• The controls: It controls the LGB flight path. They are
basically small wings like structure which can move
up-down/left-right to change the direction of LGM.
• The wings: To maneuver the LGB some extra lift is
required. This is provided by the wings.
THE WORKING
• The LGB is carried on the aircraft, all systems are
inactive.
• As the bomb is released the safety pins and
lanyards are pulled out. Once the LGB is safely
away from the aircraft, the battery starts
supplying to the detector assembly and the
electronics. The controls are unlocked and ready
to move.
THE MISSION
• The LGB flight path is divided into phases, ballistic, transition
and terminal guidance
• During the ballistic phase the weapon continues on the
unguided trajectory established by the flight path of the
delivery aircraft at the moment of release.
• During the transition phase, the weapons attempts to align its
velocity vector with line-of-sight vector to the target.
• During terminal guidance the UGB attempts to keeps its
velocity vector align with the instantaneous line-of-sight.
ADVANTAGES OF LASER GUIDED
MISSILE
• It is a light weight weapon can be employed by
light helicopters.
• The SAL seeker is relatively low cost.
• Offers high precision operational flexibility.
• Capability of effective lock-on after launch
targeting
DISADVANTAGES OF LASER GUIDED MISSILES
• Laser guided weapons are no good in rain or in weather

conditions where there is sufficient cloud cover.
• Laser guidance is not useful against targets that do not
reflect much laser energy, including those coated in
special paint which absorbs laser energy.
• Most critical limitation of an LGB is that the detector
needs to be able to see the laser spot at most of the
times and definitely short of hitting the target.

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How do missiles differ from rockets?

What are the main components of a missile?

WHAT IS A MISSLE?

• Missile have four system components guidance, flight system ,

• G-O-T (Go onto target)

• Laser guided weapons are no good in rain or in weather

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