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    Greek Sanctuaries and Temple

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    Muhtadin Iqbal
    The document summarizes key aspects of Greek sanctuaries, temples, and the Parthenon. Greek sanctuaries were located in historic sites, near natural features, or within towns. Temples typically had three parts - a cella to house the god's statue, an episthodomos or treasury, and a pronaos or porch. The Parthenon on the Acropolis in Athens was a large temple to Athena, built between 447-436 BC. It followed the Doric order and had optical corrections to appear straight to viewers.

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    Greek Sanctuaries and Temple

    Uploaded by

    Muhtadin Iqbal
    54 views12 pages
    The document summarizes key aspects of Greek sanctuaries, temples, and the Parthenon. Greek sanctuaries were located in historic sites, near natural features, or within towns. Temples typically had three parts - a cella to house the god's statue, an episthodomos or treasury, and a pronaos or porch. The Parthenon on the Acropolis in Athens was a large temple to Athena, built between 447-436 BC. It followed the Doric order and had optical corrections to appear straight to viewers.

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    Greek Temple

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    The document summarizes key aspects of Greek sanctuaries, temples, and the Parthenon. Greek sanctuaries were located in historic sites, near natural features, or within towns. Temples typically had three parts - a cella to house the god's statue, an episthodomos or treasury, and a pronaos or porch. The Parthenon on the Acropolis in Athens was a large temple to Athena, built between 447-436 BC. It followed the Doric order and had optical corrections to appear straight to viewers.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    54 views12 pages

    Greek Sanctuaries and Temple

    Uploaded by

    Muhtadin Iqbal
    The document summarizes key aspects of Greek sanctuaries, temples, and the Parthenon. Greek sanctuaries were located in historic sites, near natural features, or within towns. Temples typically had three parts - a cella to house the god's statue, an episthodomos or treasury, and a pronaos or porch. The Parthenon on the Acropolis in Athens was a large temple to Athena, built between 447-436 BC. It followed the Doric order and had optical corrections to appear straight to viewers.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Greek

    Sanctuaries and Temple


    -Greek recognised separate areas
    as sacred to a God
    Sites –
    _historic site
    Occupied in late bronze age
    Continuity of cult activity
    Remains of earlier wall
    _new site
    Near natural features
    _in town
    Sanctuaries were in walled citadel
    _in countryside

    “Gods and temples are not easily instituted, and to establish them rightly is the work of a
    mighty intellect.” -Plato

    “The site should be a spot seen far and wide, which gives due elevation to virtue and towers over
    the neighborhood.” -Aristotle
    Greek temples
    _simple rectanguler building to hold the Colonnade
    statue of God.
    Primarily 3 parts-
    _cella / naos
    Where the statue stood
    _ephisthodomos (treasury)
    _porch / pronaos
    Porch formed by extended walls
    Porch embellished with column Pronaos Naos
    (Porch) (Cella) (opisthodomos)
    If placed in the facade – prostyle
    Part of a Greek Temple
    If placed in the flank - antis
    opisthodomos

    Naos
    (Cella)
    Pronaos
    (Porch)

    Colonnade
    Temple typology

    Depending on the disposition of the


    columns in the portico:
    – In antis: the pillars of the side exceed the wall
    – Prostyle: columns only in one façade
    – Anphiprostyle: columns in both façades
    – Peripteral: columns around the building
    – Dipteral: double columns around the
    building
    – Monopteral: circular

    Depending on the number of columns in


    the portico it can be:

    Tetrastile: four columns


    – Hexastile: six columns
    – Octastile: eight columns
    – Tholos: circular temple
    Parthenon

    main building of the acropolis


    large temple of the goddess Athena
    447- 436 BC
    architects- Ictinus and Callicrates
    Phidius was the master sculptor

    – The temple stand on original 3 steps each


    20” high
    – The top step meassuring 101’x228’
    – 8 columns on the façade and 17 column on
    the flank
    – Follows the doric temple ratio of N=(2n+1)
    [ n=no.of column in façade,
    N=no.of column in flank. ]
    – Two end to end rooms with hexastyle
    prostyle porches, these are -

    1.cella
    2.parthenon
    Naos / cella

    – Eastern room 98’x 63’


    – It has two tier of internal doric
    colonnades to support the timber roof
    – At the end of the room there is the gold
    and ivory statue of Athena
    – The ceiling was of wood with painted
    and gilded decoration
    – Only light source was the door
    Parthenon
    Statue of Athena
    Ionic
    column
    Two tier
    doric Hexastyle
    column prostyle

    Porch

    Colonnade
    17 column
    Colonnade
    8 column
    Parthenon (Treasury)

    – Western room
    – Depository of valuable
    offerings colonnades to
    support the timber roof
    – Here the roof is supported by
    four ionic columns

    The Doric Columns

    – 6’-2” in dia and height 34’-3”


    – Which is 5.5 times in height and dia
    ratio to confirm the doric system
    – The columns has wider middle by
    means of entasis
    – The corner columns are wider in
    dia to terminate in the triglyph
    – They are spaced wider in the
    corner and nearer in the middle
    1. Entasis on the column example of optical correction in Parthenon
    – The columns has wider
    middle by means of entasis
    – 6’-2” in dia at the bottom
    and 6’ in dia at top below
    the abacus

    2. Horizontal lines correction

    – The long horizontal lines of


    such features as stylobates,
    architrave sand cornice,
    which if straight in reality
    would have appeared to
    drop in the middle

    – So they were built with


    slightly convex outline

    – In the parthenon the


    stylobate has an upward
    curvature of 2.5” in the
    middle thaan east and west
    and 4.75” on the sides
    3. Vertical lines correction

    – The vertical lines of such features as column and


    freize which if straight in reality would have
    appeared to fall outward

    – So they were built inclined inwards toward the top

    – In the parthenon the axis of the columns , if


    extended upward would meet 1.5 miles above the
    stylobates
    1.5 miles

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