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    Dimensional Analysis

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    Khiara Claudine Espinosa

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    Dimensional Analysis

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    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS.pptx

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    59 views20 pages

    Dimensional Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Khiara Claudine Espinosa

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    LECTURE 2:

    DIMENSIONAL
    ANALYSIS
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    DEFINITION
    Dimensional analysis is the Applications:
    grouping of variable into 1. converting one system of
    meaningful dimensionless units to another
    groups for the purpose of 2. developing equations
    reducing the number of 3. reducing the number of
    parameters involved in the variables required in an
    experimental investigation of a
    physical phemomena.
    experimental program
    4. etablishing principles of
    model and design
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    BUCKINGHAM PI METHOD
    PROCEDURE:
    1. Determine the number of
    quantities (q).
    2. Determine the number of
    dimensions (u).
    3. Compute the number of
    dimensionless (π) number that
    can be formed to relate each
    quantity.
    4. Find the relationship of each
    quantity to one another by
    equating the exponents of the
    dimensions (M, L, T) on both
    sides of the equation.
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 1: BUCKINGHAM PI METHOD
    The pressure drop ΔP over a horizontal section of pipe of
    diameter d depends on the average velocity, the viscosity, the
    fluid density, the average height of the surface roughness
    elements, and the length of the pipe section. Assume that the
    pipe is vertical and include gravity as one of the variables. Write
    an expression that relates the pressure drop to the other
    variables.
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 1: BUCKINGHAM PI METHOD
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 1: BUCKINGHAM PI METHOD
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 1: BUCKINGHAM PI METHOD
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 2: BUCKINGHAM PI METHOD
    Obtain, by dimensional analysis, a functional relationship for the
    heat transfer coefficient for forced convection at the inner wall of
    an annulus through which a cooling liquid is flowing. Take the
    heat transfer, h, as a function of the fluid velocity, v, density, ρ,
    viscosity, μ, specific heat, Cp, and thermal conductivity,
    and k, respectively, and of the inside and outside diameters of
    the annulus, di and d0 respectively.
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 2: BUCKINGHAM PI METHOD
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 2: BUCKINGHAM PI METHOD
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 2: BUCKINGHAM PI METHOD
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 2: SHORTCUT METHOD
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 2: SHORTCUT METHOD
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 2: SHORTCUT METHOD
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 3: SHORTCUT METHOD
    •Upon
      what variables would the rate of filtration of a suspension of
    fine solid particles be expected to depend? Consider the flow
    through unit area of filter medium and express the variables in
    the form of dimensionless groups.
    It is found that the filtration rate is doubled if the pressure
    difference is doubled. What would be the effect of raising the
    temperature of filtration from 293 to 313 K?
    The viscosity of the liquid is given by:

    where is the viscosity at a temperature T (K) and is the viscosity


    at 273 K.
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 3: SHORTCUT METHOD (CONT.)
    The volume flow of filtrate per unit area will depend on the fluid
    density, fluid viscosity, particle size, pressure difference across
    the bed, and the voidage of the cake.
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 3: SHORTCUT METHOD (CONT.)
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 3: SHORTCUT METHOD (CONT.)
    DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
    PROBLEM 3: SHORTCUT METHOD (CONT.)
    References:
    • Backhurst, J. R et al. Coulson & Richardson's Chemical Engineering. Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.

    • Potter, Merle C, and D. C Wiggert. Schaum's Outline Of Fluid Mechanics. Mcgraw Hill Professional, 2011.

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