Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 57 views

    Fire Fighting Equipments Fire Fighting Equipments

    Uploaded by

    Bhavneet Kaur
    The document discusses firefighting equipment requirements in the workplace. It is a statutory duty to provide suitable firefighting equipment like portable fire extinguishers and ensure they are properly maintained and staff are trained to use them. There are four main types of fire extinguishers - water, foam, carbon dioxide, and powder - suitable for different types of fires. Smoke detectors use either photoelectric or ionization methods to detect smoke and trigger alarms. Heat and smoke vents are installed in building roofs to vent heat and smoke from fires inside.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Fire Fighting Equipments Fire Fighting Equipments

    Uploaded by

    Bhavneet Kaur
    57 views11 pages
    The document discusses firefighting equipment requirements in the workplace. It is a statutory duty to provide suitable firefighting equipment like portable fire extinguishers and ensure they are properly maintained and staff are trained to use them. There are four main types of fire extinguishers - water, foam, carbon dioxide, and powder - suitable for different types of fires. Smoke detectors use either photoelectric or ionization methods to detect smoke and trigger alarms. Heat and smoke vents are installed in building roofs to vent heat and smoke from fires inside.

    Original Title

    fire fight equipment

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses firefighting equipment requirements in the workplace. It is a statutory duty to provide suitable firefighting equipment like portable fire extinguishers and ensure they are properly maintained and staff are trained to use them. There are four main types of fire extinguishers - water, foam, carbon dioxide, and powder - suitable for different types of fires. Smoke detectors use either photoelectric or ionization methods to detect smoke and trigger alarms. Heat and smoke vents are installed in building roofs to vent heat and smoke from fires inside.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    57 views11 pages

    Fire Fighting Equipments Fire Fighting Equipments

    Uploaded by

    Bhavneet Kaur
    The document discusses firefighting equipment requirements in the workplace. It is a statutory duty to provide suitable firefighting equipment like portable fire extinguishers and ensure they are properly maintained and staff are trained to use them. There are four main types of fire extinguishers - water, foam, carbon dioxide, and powder - suitable for different types of fires. Smoke detectors use either photoelectric or ionization methods to detect smoke and trigger alarms. Heat and smoke vents are installed in building roofs to vent heat and smoke from fires inside.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Fire fighting equipments

    Even if a fire certificate is not required, the


    management in places where people work
    have a statutory duty (under the Fire
    Precautions Act (1971) to;

    1. provide suitable fire fighting equipment.


    2. ensure that it is properly maintained.
    3. ensure that staff are trained in its use.

    (Apart from legal requirements, there may be


    contractual obligations to the University
    insurers to provide fire fighting equipment).
    Above all, it is a common sense precaution to
    provide this equipment.
    Portable fire extinguishers are the equipment
    generally provided, backed up in many cases
    with hose reels.
    Types of fire extinguisher
    There are four main types of extinguisher in use in the U.K. The ground-colour of all
    extinguishers is RED, labelled with a code-colour which identifies the contents, in
    accordance with the chart below:

    Type Colour of label use

    Water Red, with white text Suitable for most fires. 


    Foam Pale cream Suitable for burning
    liquids

    Carbon Dioxide gas Black Suitable for burning


    liquids

    Powder French blue Suitable for burning


    liquids
    Choice of extinguishing agent

    Class 'A' fires


    Water can be conveniently provided in the following ways:-
    (a) Portable extinguishers from which the water is expelled in the form of a jet or
    spray.
       There are two main types:

    •Gas cartridge type, from which the water is expelled by pressure released from a gas
    cartridge.
    •Stored Pressure type, from which the water is expelled by the release of pressure
    stored within the body.

    b) Hose Reels which are permanently connected to the mains water supply and fitted
    with hand controlled nozzles.

    (c) Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF). Similar to water type extinguishers when used
    for class ‘A’ fires.
    Class 'B' fires
    In fires of this class the smothering effect of the agents are most widely used:-

    Foam
    There are two main types;
    Gas cartridge type, from which foam is expelled by pressure released from a gas
    cartridge; and
    Stored pressure type, from which foam is expelled by the release of pressure stored
    within the body.

    Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF)


    Similar to water type extinguishers, but with additives making the media suitable for
    Class ‘B’ fires.

    Carbon Dioxide
    This is stored in liquid state under high pressure in the extinguisher and released as a
    gas. It should not be used if the risk of re-ignition is high.

    Powder
    This is a very effective agent when applied promptly, but it has limitations when the
    risk of re-ignition is high.
    Halon Halogenated hydrocarbons
    Soon to be withdrawn. Effective but toxic.

    Fire Blanket
    Or other means of covering, such as a lid on a fixed vessel.

    Dry Sand kept in buckets


    Not very effective as an extinguishing agent, but can be usefully applied to limit the
    spread of burning liquids.

    Class 'C' and Class 'D' fires


    It is not recommended that extinguishers be provided for these classes of fire for use
    by untrained persons. With gas leak fires, the only action recommended is the closure
    of the valve or plugging of the leak (but only if safe to do so). No attempt should be
    made to extinguish the flame in any other way.
    SMOKE DETECTORS
    •A SMOKE DETECTOR is a device that detect
    smoke, typically as an indicator of fire.
    •Smoke detectors are typically housed in a
    disk-shaped plastic enclosure about 150 mm
    in diameters and 25 mm thick.
    •Most smoke detectors work either by optical
    detection (photoelectric) or by physical
    process (ionization), while others use both
    detection methods to increase sensitivity to
    smoke.
    •Smoke detectors in large commercial,
    industrial, and residential buildings are
    usually powered by a central fire alarm
    system, which is powered by the building
    power with a battery backup.
    Types of smoke detectors

    IONIZATION:- PHOTOELECTRIC:-
    In this type radioactive source In this type principal of reflected or
    is used to ionize the air within scattered light is used to indicate
    sensing chamber. the presence of visual smoke.
    PHOTOELECTRIC DETACTOR

    A pulsed light beam a light-emitting diode (LED) with its associated optics is
    projected across the interior of A blackened chamber that may contain smoke
    to be detected. A photocell,
    With its optics, looks toward the projected beam along a line perpendicular to
    the beam. When smokes enter the chamber, The smoke particles reflect a
    small portion of the light beam towards the photocell, which provide a
    voltage to be amplified And causes an alarm. The light source may be
    monitored ahead of the smoke chamber and regulated to prevent Variation of
    the light intensity from causing erratic detector behavior.
    IONIZATION DETECTOR
    •A small amount of radioactive
    material ionizes the air inside a
    chamber that is open to the
    ambient air.
    •A measured, small electric
    current is allowed to flow through
    the ionized air.
    •The small, solid particle of
    combustion that enter the
    chamber as a result of fire
    interfere with the normal
    movement of ions (current),and
    when the current drops low
    enough, an alarm results.
    •A two-position switch to control
    sensitivity may be provided.
    IONIZATION DETECTOR

    PHOTOELECTRIC DETECTOR
    HEAT AND SMOKE VENTS
    • heat and smoke vents are installed in buildings as an active fire protection
    measure.

    •They are openings in the roof which ate intended to vent the heat and smoke
    developed
    By a fire inside the building by the action of buoyancy, such that they are known as
    “gravity vents”.

    You might also like