CHAPTER: 10 & 11: Pricing: Understanding and Capturing Customer Value and Strategies

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CHAPTER : 10 & 11

Pricing: understanding and capturing customer


value and strategies
CHAPTER OUTLINE

Price
Value Based Pricing
Cost Based Pricing
Pricing Strategies
WHAT IS PRICE?

• The amount of money charged for a product


or service or the sum of the values that
customers exchange for the benefits of
having or using the product or service.

• What problems do companies face in setting


price for products and services?
VALUE BASED PRICING
STRATEGIES

 Value based pricing: setting prices based on


buyers’ perceptions of value rather than on the
sellers’ cost.

 Good value pricing: offering just the right


combinations of quality and good service at a fair
price.

 Value added pricing: attaching value added


features and services to differentiate a company's
offers and charging higher prices.

 EDLP: Every Day Low Pricing


COST BASED PRICING

 Cost based pricing: setting prices based on the cost


for producing, distributing and selling the product plus
a fair rate of return for effort and risk.

 Fixed costs: costs that do not vary with production or


sales level.

 Variable costs: costs that vary directly with the level


of production.

 Total costs: the sum of the fixed and variable costs


for any given level of production.
NEW PRODUCT PRICING
STRATEGIES

1. Market skimming pricing: setting a high price for


new products to skim maximum revenues layer by
layer from the segments willing to pay the high
price, the company makes fewer but profitable sales.

2. Market penetration pricing: setting a low price for a


new product in order to attract a large number of
buyers and a large market share.
Product mix pricing strategies

1. Product line pricing: setting the price steps


between various products in a product line based on cost
differences between the products, customer evaluation
of different features and competitors' prices.

2. Optional product pricing: the pricing of optional or


accessory products along with a main product.
P R O D U C T M I X P R I C I N G S T R AT E G I E S

3. Captive product pricing: setting a price for


products that must be used along with a main
product.

4. Product bundle pricing: combining several


products and offering the bundle at a reduced price.

5. By product pricing: setting a price for by


products in order to make the main product’s price
more competitive.
PRICE ADJUSTMENT
STRATEGIES

 Discount: a straight reduction in price on


purchases during a stated period of time.

1. Cash discount
2. Quantity discount
3. Functional discount
4. Seasonal discount
PRICE ADJUSTMENT
STRATEGIES

 Psychological pricing: a pricing approach to make the product


look less expensive to consumers than the reality, psychologically.

 Promotional pricing: temporarily pricing products below the list


price, and sometimes even below cost to increase short run sales.

 Dynamic and internet pricing: adjusting prices continually to


meet the characteristics and needs of individual customers and
situations. This is especially prevalent online.

 International pricing: companies that market their products


internationally must decide what prices to charge in different
countries. It could be a uniform worldwide price or it could be
country specific based on local market conditions and cost
considerations.
 Geographical pricing: setting prices for customers
located in different parts of the country or world.

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