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    Poliomyelitis: Dr. Eiman Sumayyah DPT (Kmu), Ms Neuro (Kmu)

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    Haniya Khan
    Poliomyelitis is a disease caused by the poliovirus that attacks motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, sometimes causing paralysis. It was first recorded in the late 1700s and caused major epidemics in the late 1800s. The poliovirus is transmitted orally and through feces. While most infections do not cause symptoms, some people experience fever, headache, and nausea. There are three main types of polio - nonparalytic, spinal paralytic, and bulbar. Treatment focuses on rest, fever control, and respiratory/cardiac support. A vaccine was developed in the 1950s that dramatically reduced polio cases globally, though it remains in a few countries today.

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    Poliomyelitis: Dr. Eiman Sumayyah DPT (Kmu), Ms Neuro (Kmu)

    Uploaded by

    Haniya Khan
    56 views14 pages
    Poliomyelitis is a disease caused by the poliovirus that attacks motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, sometimes causing paralysis. It was first recorded in the late 1700s and caused major epidemics in the late 1800s. The poliovirus is transmitted orally and through feces. While most infections do not cause symptoms, some people experience fever, headache, and nausea. There are three main types of polio - nonparalytic, spinal paralytic, and bulbar. Treatment focuses on rest, fever control, and respiratory/cardiac support. A vaccine was developed in the 1950s that dramatically reduced polio cases globally, though it remains in a few countries today.

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    Poliomyelitis is a disease caused by the poliovirus that attacks motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, sometimes causing paralysis. It was first recorded in the late 1700s and caused major epidemics in the late 1800s. The poliovirus is transmitted orally and through feces. While most infections do not cause symptoms, some people experience fever, headache, and nausea. There are three main types of polio - nonparalytic, spinal paralytic, and bulbar. Treatment focuses on rest, fever control, and respiratory/cardiac support. A vaccine was developed in the 1950s that dramatically reduced polio cases globally, though it remains in a few countries today.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    56 views14 pages

    Poliomyelitis: Dr. Eiman Sumayyah DPT (Kmu), Ms Neuro (Kmu)

    Uploaded by

    Haniya Khan
    Poliomyelitis is a disease caused by the poliovirus that attacks motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, sometimes causing paralysis. It was first recorded in the late 1700s and caused major epidemics in the late 1800s. The poliovirus is transmitted orally and through feces. While most infections do not cause symptoms, some people experience fever, headache, and nausea. There are three main types of polio - nonparalytic, spinal paralytic, and bulbar. Treatment focuses on rest, fever control, and respiratory/cardiac support. A vaccine was developed in the 1950s that dramatically reduced polio cases globally, though it remains in a few countries today.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 14

    Poliomyelitis

    Dr. Eiman Sumayyah


    DPT (KMU), MS NEURO* (KMU)
    What is Poliomyelitis?
     polio= gray matter
     Myelitis= inflammation of the spinal cord

     This disease result in the destruction of


    motor neurons caused by the poliovirus.
     Polio is causes by a virus that attacks
    the nerve cells of the brain & spinal cord
    although not all infections result in sever
    injuries and paralysis.
    When was it reported?

     Poliomyelitis was recorded in the late


    1700’s with the first epidemic in the
    late 1800’s.
     The cases that were reported in 1979
    where mild and self-limited and do not
    result in paralysis.
    How is polio transmitted?

     Poliovirus is transmitted through both


    oral and fecal routes with implantation
    and replication occurring in either the
    oropgaryngeal and or in the intestine
    of mucosa.
    What are the symptoms?

     Many include fever, pharyngitis,


    headache, anorexia, nausea, and
    vomiting. Illness may progress to
    aseptic meningitis and
    menigoencephalitis in 1% to 4% of
    patients. These patients develop a
    higher fever and sever headache with
    stiffness of the neck and back.
    Types

     non-paralytic (does not lead to


    paralysis),
     spinal-paralytic (can result in the
    paralysis of one or more limbs)
     bulbar (can result in weak muscles,
    reflex loss, and respiratory problems).
    Polio in children
    Can it cause paralyzes?
     Paralytic disease occurs 0.1% to 1% of
    those who become infected with the
    polio virus.
     Paralysis of the respiratory muscles or
    from cardiac arrest if the neurons in the
    medulla oblongata are destroyed.
     Physical therapy is recommended for full
    recovery.
    Treatment

     Bed rest with close monitoring of


    respiratory and cardiovascular
    functioning is essential during the acute
    stage of poliomyelitis along with fever
    control and pain relievers for muscle
    spasms.
     Mechanical ventilation, respiratory
    therapy may be needed depending of
    the severity of patients.
    Vaccine
     Polio vaccine first appeared to be licensed in the United
    States in 1955.
     Jonas Salk produced the first polio vaccine in 1952, the
    best way to prevent Polio because there is no cure for
    polio.
     Advantages:
     Ease to administration
     Good local mucosal immunity
     Disadvantage:
     Strict cold shipping & storage requirements
     Multiple doses required
    What is post polio
    syndrome?
     This can affect between 25–50% of people who
    have previously contracted poliomyelitis. they show
    symptoms of muscle and joint pain general fatigue
    and weakness.
     Three indications of PPS
     Previous diagnoses of polio ( late affect of polio to
    people that got it like when they where 10 years old)
     Long interval following recovery( people usually live
    long but effect can occur during 30 to 35 years after
    the diagnoses)
     Gradual onset (weakness that tends to be
    perceptible until it interferes with daily activities)
    Statistics

     Polio was one of the most dreaded child


    disease in the 20th century in the U.S.
     An epidemic in 1916 killed 6,000 people
    and left 27,000 more paralyzed.
     In 1950 parents would not let their
    children go to local swimming pools or
    movies because of the polio virus.
     As of 2014, three countries remain
    infected with the virus: Afghanistan,
    Nigeria, and Pakistan
    1580–1350 BC An Egyptian portrays a
    priest with a withered leg, suggesting that
    polio has existed for thousands of years.

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