Program Sources:: Tape and Playback

Program
Sources:
Tape and
P l ayb ac k
Prepared by: Patrisha Melrose V. Gonzales

What is a tape
recorder?
Introduction
A tape recorder is an apparatus for

recording sounds on magnetic tape and
later reproducing them.
Tape deck or tape machine
Makes use of electromagnetic
phenomena to record and reproduce
sound waves
Where did the tape
recorder originate?
History
 In 1886, the earliest known

audio tape recorder was
patented by Alexander Graham
Bell’s Volta Laboratory. It was
called the
Wax Strip Recorder.
History
In 1898, a demonstration of

Magnetic Tape Recording was
practiced Valdemar Poulsen. This
process has been already been
conceived for as early as 1878 by
Oberlin Smithand.
History
History
In 1932, a tape recorder that The first wired recorder was the
used a low-cost chemically Telegraphone invented by
treated paper tape was invented Valdemar Poulsen in the late
by Merle Duston. It was called 1890s.
the Photoelectric Paper
Tape Recorder.
History
In 1924, Dr. Kurt Stille developed

the Poulsen Wire Recorder and used
it as a dictating machine.
In 1925, Louis Blattner created the

Blattnerphone.
Purchased by the Marconi

Company in 1933.
History
 The modern magnetic tape

recorder was developed during the
1930s at BASF and AEG in
cooperation with RRG.
 The first practical tape recorder
was the Magnetophon K1,
developed by AEG and was first
demonstrated in Germany in 1935.
 American Audio Engineer Jack
Mullin acquired two Magnetophon
recorders and 50 reels of magnetic
tape.
History
History
• BBC (British broadcasting

corporation) acquired some
Magnetophon machines in 1946.
• In 1948, the BTR1 was made
available by EMI.
• In the early 1950s, BTR2 became
available and was used until the
end of the 1960s.
History
In 1951, Ginsberg invented the videotape recorder

Ampex sold the first videotape recorder in 1956 for $50,000
History
In 1963, Philips developed a
compact cassette.
In 1979, Sony developed the Walkman.
In 1990, Compact Cassettes were the
dominant format in mass-market
recorded music.
What are the different
types and formats
of Tape?
Tape Type
• Type 0 - This is the original ferric-oxide tape. It is very rarely seen
these days.
• Type 1 - This is standard ferric-oxide tape, also referred to as "normal
bias."
• Type 2 - This is "chrome" or CrO2 tape. The ferric-oxide particles are
mixed with chromium dioxide.
• Type 4 - This is "metal" tape. Metallic particles rather than metal-
oxide particles are used in the tape.
Tape Type
Compact Cassette
Videotape and Home Video
Quadruplex Videotape
Tapes C and B
Professional Cassette Formats
Tape Type
Tape Type
Tape Type
Tape Type
Tape Type
Tape Format
8-track tape Cassette Deck Compact Audio Cassette

Tape Format
Microcassette  Digital Audio Tape Elcaset

(DAT)
Tape Format
Helical Scan Reel-to-reel Audio Wire Recording RCA tape

Tape Recording cartridge
How does it work?
Operation
Mechanical Operation Electrical Operation

Three-motor scheme Electric current flows in the coils of
the tape head and this creates a
One motor with a constant fluctuating magnetic field.
rotational speed drives the capstan.
The signal can be reproduced by
The other two motors, which are running the tape back across the tape
called Torque Motors, apply equal head.
and opposite torques to the supply Here’s a short clip to show how
and take up reels during recording cassette tapes work:
and play back functions and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-
maintain the tape's tension. v4tNawTb90
Operation
Limitations of Tape Recording

Tape hiss
Magnetic characteristics of tape aren’t linear
Different tape materials require different amount of bias
Higher speeds used in professional recorders are prone to cause “head
bumps”
Operation
Uses and Contributions of Tape Recording

Sound could be recorded, erased, and re-recorded on the same tape
many times
Sound can be duplicated from tape to tape with only minor loss of
quality
Advertising
Duplication of complex, high-fidelity, long-duration recordings of
entire programs
Multitrack recording
Data storage

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Program

Prepared by: Patrisha Melrose V. Gonzales

A tape recorder is an apparatus for

 In 1886, the earliest known

In 1898, a demonstration of

In 1924, Dr. Kurt Stille developed

In 1925, Louis Blattner created the

Purchased by the Marconi

 The modern magnetic tape

• BBC (British broadcasting

In 1951, Ginsberg invented the videotape recorder

8-track tape Cassette Deck Compact Audio Cassette

Microcassette  Digital Audio Tape Elcaset

Helical Scan Reel-to-reel Audio Wire Recording RCA tape

Mechanical Operation Electrical Operation

Limitations of Tape Recording

Uses and Contributions of Tape Recording

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