Protection of Marine Environment: Sopep Plan

Protection of marine
environment
SOPEP Plan
Course title
Purpose
• The purpose of the Plan is to provide guidance to the Shipmaster and Officers
onboard with respect to the steps to be taken when pollution incident has
occurred or is likely to occur.
• The plan contains all information and operational instructions required by the
Ship staff. Appendices to the Plan contain names, telephone, telex numbers,
etc of all contacts referenced in the Plan, as well as other reference material.
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MARPOL Annex I, Chapter 5, Regulation 37
Brief description:
1. Every oil tanker of 150 GT and above and every other ship of 400 GT and above shall
carry SOPEP plan.
2. The plan should be written in the working language of the master and officers. The plan
shall consist at least of:
.1 the procedure to be followed by the master or other persons having charge of the ship to
report an oil pollution incident.
.2 the list of authorities or persons to be contacted in the event of an oil pollution incident.
.3 a detailed description of the action to be taken immediately by persons on board to
reduce or control the discharge of oil following the incident.
.4 the procedures and point of contact on the ship for co-ordinating shipboard action with
national and local authorities in combating the pollution.
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MARPOL Annex I, Chapter 5, Regulation 37
Continuation:
3. The SOPEP plan may be combined with the SMPEP plan for NLS substances. In such case
the plan shall be called "Shipboard marine pollution emergency plan"
4. All oil tankers of 5,000 tonnes deadweight or more shall have prompt access to
computerized shorebased damage stability and residual structural strength calculation
programs.
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Special areas for Annex I
1. The Mediterranean sea area.
2. The Baltic sea area.
3. The Black sea area.
4. The Red sea area.
5. The Gulf area.
6. The Gulf of Aden area.
7. The Antarctic Area.
8. The North-West European Waters
9. Oman area of the Arabian Sea
10. Southern South African Waters
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Control of discharge of oil from machienery spaces
Ships of less than 400 GT
Oil and all oily mixtures shall either be retained on board for subsequent discharge to
reception facilities or discharged into the sea in accordance with the following provisions:
1. the ship is proceeding en route, and
2. the ship has in operation equipment of a design approved by the Administration that ensures
that the oil content of the effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 ppm, and
4. the oily mixture is not mixed with cargo pump room bilges or, in case of oil tankers, with
oil cargo residues.
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Ships of 400 GT and above
In respect of the Antarctic area, any discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixtures from
any ships shall be prohibited.
Discharge in special areas:
ANY DISCHARGE OF OIL OR OILY MIXTURES IS PROHIBITED except when:
2. the oil content of the effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 ppm, and
3. the oily mixture is processed through an oil filtering equipment meeting the requirements of
regulation 14.7 of this Annex (oil content of the effluent does not exceed 15 ppm, alarm
arrangement and automatic 15 ppm stopping device are in place), and
4. the oily mixture is not mixed with cargo pump room bilges or, in case of oil tankers,
with oil cargo residues.
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Ships of 400 GT and above
Discharge outside special areas:
ANY DISCHARGE OF OIL OR OILY MIXTURES IS PROHIBITED except when:
2. the oil content of the effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 ppm, and
3. the oily mixture is processed through an oil filtering equipment meeting the requirements of
regulation 14 of this Annex, and
4. the oily mixture is not mixed with cargo pump room bilges or, in case of oil tankers,
with oil cargo residues.
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Control of discharge of oil from cargo tank
Oil tankers of all sizes
Discharge in special areas or outside special areas but within 50 nm from the nearest land:
ANY DISCHARGE IS PROHIBITED except for clean or segregated ballast
Discharge outside Special area but more than 50 nm from the nearest land:
ANY DISCHARGE IS PROHIBITED, with the exception of clean or segregated ballast, or
except when:
1. the tanker is proceeding en route, and
2. the instantaneous rate of discharge of oil does not exceed 30 litres/nm, and
3. the total quantity of oil discharged into the sea does not exceed for tankers delivered on or
before 31.12.1979 - 1/15,000 of the total quantity of the particular cargo of which the residue
formed a part, and for tankers delivered after 31.12.1979 - 1/30,000
4. the tanker has in operation an oil discharge monitoring and control system and a slop tank
arrangement as required by regulations 29 and 31, respectively (not aplicable to oil tankers
below 150 GT) Course title
Types of oil spill equipment and their use
Booms
This is the most common piece of equipment used to

contain an oil spill. A boom is a floating barrier that
can be towed or anchored into place. All booms have a
freeboard above the water to collect the oil and a skirt
below the water to stop the oil moving under the
boom. Booms are less effective in large waves and
strong currents.
Booms can be used along shorelines or at sea to
contain oil until it is recovered to prevent oil from
entering sensitive areas or to divert it to less sensitive
areas to stop oil from stranding on shorelines.
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Skimmers
Skimmers remove oil from the water’s surface. The skimmed oil is then stored in tanks
awaiting disposal. Booms are used to concentrate the oil to make it thick enough to be
skimmed off the surface.
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Dispersants
Dispersants are chemicals that help remove oil from the sea surface
by breaking oil slicks into small droplets. The small droplets are
then dispersed and diluted into the underlying seawater by wave
action where they are broken down by bacteria.
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Sorbents
Sorbents are materials that attract and hold oils. Most

sorbents rely on oil being absorbed into them, like a sponge,
but others rely on the oil adhering to the sorbent material.
Sorbents can be in the form of booms, pillows, pads or
snares. They are generally made from polypropylene or
polyethylene and can be wrung out and reused.
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Protection of marine

This is the most common piece of equipment used to

Sorbents are materials that attract and hold oils. Most

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