GSM TOWARDS LTE

NETWORKS

Lecture # 5
Presented by:
Muhammad Arif

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 MOBILE TRAFFIC
VOICE AND DATA
07-14

Subscriber traffic in mobile access networks

30
Exabyte = Giga Giga Byte
25
Yearly Exabytes

20 Data

15

10
Voice
5

0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Source: Internal Ericsson

DVB-H, Mobile WiMax, M2M and WiFi traffic not included
This slide contains forward looking statements
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THE 3G VISION
 Global Seamless Roaming
 Common Worldwide Spectrum
 Multiple Radio Environments
 Wide Range of Services -Voice & Data Equally
 Flexible, Spectrum Efficient Technologies
 Wireless - Wireline Integration
 Enhanced Security and Performance
 Wireline Services and Quality Levels
 Rapid Introduction of New Technology

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3G VISION -
APPLICATION
 Application
 Multimedia Message Service (MMS)
 Email
 Video phone
 Video streaming
 Any service from the Internet

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3G VAS APPLICATIONS
Video SMS
Video Portal
Mobile TV
Video IVR
Video CRBT
Mobile Video Marketing
YouTube upload
Video conferencing
Video greeting
Dial TV service
3G Music Station with full track song download
Video Contact Center

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2G TOWARDS 3G

 Higher data bandwidth requirement

 Anticipated subscriber demand for

 Audio/Video streaming
 Other multimedia services
 Collaborative services
 Location services

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3G - PRINCIPLE
REQUIREMENT
 Support for voice quality comparable with fixed line
networks

 Support for both circuit-switched and packet-switched

data services

 Support for greater capacity and improved spectrum

efficiency

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3G–PRINCIPAL
REQUIREMENT
 A data rate of 144 kb/s for users moving quickly e.g.
moving vehicles

 A data rate of 384 kb/s for pedestrians

 A data rate of 2 Mb/s in a low mobility or office

environment.

 Note how a network using GPRS and EDGE meets

most of these criteria!

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Example: 3G SERVICES
(UMTS)
 Universal Mobile Telephone System (UMTS)
 Four QoS classes of services
 Conversational Class
 Voice, video telephony,video gaming
 Streaming Class
 multimedia, video on demand, webcast
 Interactive Class
 WWW browsing, database access, online gaming
 Background Class
 email, SMS, file downloading

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2.5 GPRS VOICE / data
ARCHITECTURE

Voice Calls Path

Data Calls Path

Packet Data14.4 Kp/s

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 LTE/SAE Architecture

3G NETWORK
IP networks
Only
HLR/HSS Gi
PS Domain
shown

Gr

Gn Gn

GGSN
SGSN

Gb Iu

BSC RNC Iur

BTS Node B

2G 3G

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 LTE/SAE Architecture

HSPA (High Speed Packet

Access)
Only
IP networks
HLR/HSS Gi
PS Domain
shown
PCRF
Gr

Gx
Gn

GGSN
SGSN

Optimizing the 3G/HSPA

payload plane for
Gb Iu CP Iu UP Broadband traffic

BSC RNC Iur

BTS Node B

2G 3G

Release 7 ”Direct
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STEPS TOWARDS 3G

1- Backbone Roll Out (Packet Network)

All the backend traffic transfer on IP
(Packets) /Passport/ATM/MPBN
2- Data Network
3- Core Network
4- RAN Network

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1-BACKBONE ROLL OUT
(Packet Network) Migration Steps

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2-DATA NETWORK
MIGRATION

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2nd GENERATION
NETWORK

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3rd GENERATION
NETWORK

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2G & 3G NETWORK

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TOWARDS IP NETWORK

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 3-CORE NETWORK
MIGRATION
Classical MSC Architecture Mobile Softswitch Solution
(old name: Non-Layered Mobile Core Network/ (old name: Layered Mobile Core Network
’Monolitic’ Architecture) Architecture)

MSC Server
Classic MSC MSC-S (Control)
MSC
(Control and Switching)
Mobile Media Gateway
MGw
(Switching)

MSC-S Control Layer

MSC

MGw

MSC
TDM MSC MGw IP/ATM/TDM MGw

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MSC MSC MGw MGw
INCREMENTAL
MIGRATION
 In Pakistan, Most operators have incrementally
Migrated.

 Two strategies have been adapted

 GPRS adapted by Warid Telecom.
 EDGE adapted by Ufone.

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MOBILE SOFT SWITCH
SOLUTION FOR 3G CORE
NETWORK
 Oneof the most efficient way to upgrade for
3G core networks.

 Layered architecture for ease

 MSS is only for Mobile core networks

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LAYERED
ARCHITECTURE

 The benefit of layered architecture is from

research and development purpose.

 In communication there are two main

recourses i.e. controlling and connectivity.

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MSS LAYERS

1. Control Layer

2. Connectivity Laye

3. Application Layer

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CONTROL LAYER
 This layer is refer to the logical layer as it
performs logical operations of the MSS

 this node provides the analysis and control

functions required for circuit switched traffic
and using standardized signaling

 controlling the allocation of required resources

in the connectivity layer

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CONNECTIVITY LAYER

 This layer is based on ATM (Asynchronous

Transfer Mode) and IP protocols.
 Providing end-to-end connection throughout

the core network.

 This layer provide standard interfaces for the

connectivity with other legace networks.

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APPLICATION LAYER

 In this layer all the application are added and

managed.
 Like if Warid want to provide CBRT (Caller

Back Ring Tone) service then it add server

that provide this service to the user in the
application layer.
 Recourses of such servers are controlled by

MSC-S.

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MSS ARCHITECTURE

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MSS NODES

1. MSC-S (Mobile Switching Server)

2. M-MGW (Mobile Media Gateway)

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MSC-SERVER

 MSC-S is the control layer device of the 3G

network.
 It contains all call and control service logic

such as:
ѣ Charging analysis
ѣ Bearer selection
ѣ Route analysis
ѣ Media Gate way selection
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MSC-SERVER

 It provides efficient and centralized control of

the distributed switching provided by the
Mobile Media Gateway (M-MGw), ensuring
flexible, cost-effective network design, and a
smooth evolution to an all-IP core network.

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MSC-SERVER

Data Base
nodes

Other MSC-S
Radio Sites
MSC-S

M-MGW

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M-MGW

 M-MGW is the connectivity layer device.

 M-MGW connects the MSS core network with

the external networks such as WCDMA and

GSM radio access networks, PSTN
networks, PABXs, IMS/VoIP network, or
other mobile networks.
 This node controlled by MSC-S.

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SIGNALING AND
PROTOCOLS

MAP MAP

BSSAP BICC /
MAP ISUP
SIP
RANAP
GCP GCP
PSTN/ISDN/PL
MN

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INTERFACE &
PROTOCOLS

Nc

Mc Mc
A PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

Lu CS Nb
POI

Control Plane
User Plane
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3G CALL
SETUP

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Call Setup Scenario : Subscriber “A” is a calling
party from PTML and Subscriber “B” is called
party that is related to PSTN

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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

1. SETUP
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

2. RNC send SETUP message to MSC-S

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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

3. SEIZE RESOURCES
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

4. M-MGW reply by ACK message

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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

5. MSC-S inform RNC that call is in

progress by CALL PROCESSED message
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

6. MSC-S send ASSIGNMENT message

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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

7. RNC send ERQ message to selected

M-MGW
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

8. M-MGW setup virtual connection

with RNC and reply by ECF message
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

9. RNC send ASSIGNMENT

COMPLETE message
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

10.MSC-S 1 send IAM message to

MSC-S 2
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

11.T-Server send SEIZE RESOURCE

message to selected M-MGW
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

12. M-MGW send reply by ACK

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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

13. T-Server forward IAM to

terminating end i.e. PSTN
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

14. PSTN reply by ACM

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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

15. T-Server forward ACM to MSC-S

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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

16. MSC-S order M-MGW to through

connection back to party “A”
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

17. MSC-S alert party “A” by sending

ring back tone and party “B” by ring
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

18. As “B” party answer the call and

send ANM to T-Server
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

19. T-Server inform ANM to MSC-S

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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

20. MSC-S order to through both way

speech path
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

21. MSC-S order to RNC to connect call

to traffic channel by CONNECT
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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

22. RNC send ACK

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 PSTN/ISDN/PLMN

IP

23. The UMTS call path has been

established
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GSM Toward LTE Networks

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 LTE/SAE Architecture

LTE/SAE Architecture
Product dimension PA/DU Core & IMS
IP networks
HLR/HSS
HLR/HSS SGi

”HLR/HSS” PCRF
Gr S6a
PCRF

S4
EPC
S7

PDN
PDN GWGW
S11 Serving GW
Serving GW S2a/b
SGSN
SGSN S3
MME
MME

”Mobility Server”S10 ”Gateway”

Gb Iu CP Iu UP

S1-MME S1-U

RBS
PA/DU Radio
BSC RNC Iur

eNode
eNodeBB X2

BTS Node B

2G 3G LTE Non-3GPP access

OSS
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Lecture link

www.lte.yolasite.com

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