Specific Learning Disabilities
Specific Learning Disabilities
Specific Learning Disabilities
Disabilities
Learning Disability
Disorders not included. The term
does not include learning problems
that are primarily the result of
visual, hearing, or motor
disabilities, of mental retardation, of
emotional disturbance, or of
environmental, cultural, or
economic disadvantage.
Learning Disabilities
Learning disabilities can be
characterized by a discrepancy
between a student’s ability and his
or her achievement in areas such as
reading, writing, mathematics, or
speaking. This option is up to the
individual school, or agency doing
the assessment.
Causes
Learning disabilities are
presumed to be disorders of the
central nervous system and a
variety of factors may contribute
to their occurrence. Learning
disabilities may be due to:
Causes
Heredity. Learning disabilities
tend to run in families. It is not
unusual to discover that people
with learning disabilities come from
families in which other family
members have reported similar
difficulties.
Causes
Problems during pregnancy
and childbirth. Learning
disabilities may be caused by illness
or injury during or before birth.
Learning disabilities may also be
caused by the use of drugs and
alcohol during pregnancy, RH
incompatibility with the mother (if
untreated), premature or prolonged
labor or lack of oxygen or low
weight at birth.
Causes
Incidents after birth. Head
injuries, nutritional deprivation,
poisonous substances, (e.g., lead),
and child abuse can contribute to
learning disabilities
Characteristics
Students who have learning disabilities
may exhibit a wide range of traits,
including:
problems with reading comprehension
spoken language
writing
reasoning ability
Hyperactivity
Inattention
perceptual coordination problems may
also be associated with learning
disabilities.
Characteristics
Other traits that may be present
include a variety of symptoms, such
as:
uneven and unpredictable test
performance
perceptual impairment
motor disorders
Characteristics
behaviors such as impulsiveness
low tolerance for frustration
problems in handling day-to-day
social interactions and situations
inconsistent school performance
Characteristics