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    Inga Budadoy Naudadong
    Bioanalysis measures both xenobiotic and biotic molecules in biological systems to understand health and disease. It has applications in drug development and safety testing. Key techniques include chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to separate and identify molecules in complex samples. Other methods are electrophoresis, ligand binding assays like ELISA, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Bioanalysis provides critical insights into normal biological functions and how defects can lead to diseases.

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    Powerpoint Presentation

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    366 views16 pages
    Bioanalysis measures both xenobiotic and biotic molecules in biological systems to understand health and disease. It has applications in drug development and safety testing. Key techniques include chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to separate and identify molecules in complex samples. Other methods are electrophoresis, ligand binding assays like ELISA, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Bioanalysis provides critical insights into normal biological functions and how defects can lead to diseases.

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    Bioanalysis measures both xenobiotic and biotic molecules in biological systems to understand health and disease. It has applications in drug development and safety testing. Key techniques include chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to separate and identify molecules in complex samples. Other methods are electrophoresis, ligand binding assays like ELISA, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Bioanalysis provides critical insights into normal biological functions and how defects can lead to diseases.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    366 views16 pages

    Powerpoint Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Inga Budadoy Naudadong
    Bioanalysis measures both xenobiotic and biotic molecules in biological systems to understand health and disease. It has applications in drug development and safety testing. Key techniques include chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to separate and identify molecules in complex samples. Other methods are electrophoresis, ligand binding assays like ELISA, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Bioanalysis provides critical insights into normal biological functions and how defects can lead to diseases.

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    BIOANALYSIS

    Objectives
    To be aware of importants of Bioanalysis In daily basis.
    To illustrate the impact of bioanalysis in nature and
    science.
    To enumerate the application of bioanalysis.
     Torecognize different methods or technique in
    bioanalysis and its function.
    Bioanalysis
     a sub-discipline of analytical chemistry
    covering the quantitative measurement of
    xenobiotic and biotic in biological systems.
    • Xenobiotic
    Drugs and their metabolites and biological
    molecules in unnatural locations or
    concentrations.
    • Biotic
    Any living components that affects another
    or organism, or shapes the ecosystem
    (Macromolecules, proteins, DNA, large
    molecule drugs, metabolites.)
    Bioanalysis in nature and science
     In Bioanalysis the ability to measure biomolecules in test samples and
    compare these with given ‘norms’, taken from healthy individuals
    (single cell to organism) in a population, is of paramount importance
    to the management of health and disease. When considering
    biomolecules it is thus important to include structural variants or
    differences that may arise either spontaneously or as a result of some
    interaction that can change functionality. Using advanced
    bioanalytical tools (such as mass spectrometry) it is possible to gain
    both qualitative and quantitative information on a given biomolecule
    or variant (synthetic or otherwise) which is of scientific and
    therapeutic importance. Considering what key classes of biomolecule
    normally do, what happens when things involving those biomolecules
    go wrong, and how understanding normal functionality and defects
    can give new insights into diseases and their treatment.
    History
     in 19th century Aspirin and Sulfonamides
    (1930) were quantified by the use of
    colorimetric assays. Antibiotics were
    quantified their ability to inhibit bacterial
    growth.

     in 1930 the rise of pharmacokinetics and as


    such the desire for more specific assays.
    Modern drugs are more potent, which has
    required more sensitive bioanalytical assays
    to accurately and reliably determine these
    drugs at lower concentration.
    Application
     Biological Safety Test
     Clinical Support
     Separation of Mixture of Compound
     Drug Analysis
     Chemo-Metrics
     Food Science
     Method Development and Validation
     NMR-Analysis of Small Organic Molecules
    Sample Preparation
    and Extraction
     Protein Precipitation
    A widely used in downstream processing
    of biological products in order to
    concentrate proteins and purify them
    from various contaminants.
     Liquid-liquid Extraction
    A method to separate compounds or
    metal complexes, based on their relative
    Solubilities in two different immiscible
    liquids, usually water(Polar) and an
    organic compound(Non-polar).
     Solid Phase Extraction
    A process by which compounds that are dissolved mixture are
    separated from other compounds in the mixture according to
    their physical and chemical properties.
    Bioanalytical Techniques
     Hyphenated Techniques
    Liquid Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry
    • an important tool for the identification and quantification
    of therapeutic drugs and/or metabolites in a range of
    biological samples (e.g. blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and
    hair) of animals or humans and technique of choice for
    analyzing many environmental pollutants,
    • This tandem technique can be used to analyze biochemical,
    organic, and inorganic compounds commonly found in
    complex samples of environmental and biological origin.
    Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
    • an analytical method that combines the features of gas
    chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify different
    substances within a test sample.
    • It includes drug detection, fire investigation, environmental analysis,
    explosives investigation, and identification of unknown samples,
    including airport security detector, and to detect trace elements.

    Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry


    • an analytical chemistry technique formed by the combination of the
    liquid separation process of capillary electrophoresis with mass
    spectrometry to provide high separation efficiency and molecular mass
    information in a single analysis. It has high resolving power and
    sensitivity that requires minimal volume and can analyze at high speed.
    • It has applications in basic research in proteomics and quantitative
    analysis of biomolecules as well as clinical medicine.
    Electrophoresis
    • Electrophoresis relies on the ability to separate out molecules on the
    basis of them bearing an electrical charge. This is achieved by applying
    an electrical field induced between positive (anode) and negative
    (cathode) electrodes.
    • Use for DNA fingerprinting, DNA sequencing, Enzyme activity analysis,
    and Clinical protein analysis

    Ligand Binding Assays


    Dual Polarization Interferometry
    • an analytical technique that probes molecular layers adsorbed to the
    surface of a wave guide the evanescent wave of a laser beam.
    • it is used to measure the conformational change in proteins, or other
    biomolecules, as they function.
    ELISA(Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)
    • A commonly used analytical biochemistry assay, described by
    Weiland in 1978. this assay uses a solid-phase enzyme
    immunoassay to detect the presence of a ligand in a liquid sample
    using antibodies directed against the protein to be measured.
    • it is used as a diagnostic tool in medicine, plant pathology, and
    biotechnology, as well as a quality control check in various
    industries.
    Magnetic Immunoassay
    • a novel type assay of diagnostic immunoassay using magnetic
    beads as labels in lieu of conventional enzymes, radioisotopes or
    fluorescent moieties to detect a specified analyte.
    • it has been use to detect viruses in plants to catch pathogens
    that normally devastate crops, and it is also used to monitor
    therapeutic drugs.
    Radio Immunoassay
    • an immunoassay that uses radio labeled molecules in a
    stepwise formation of immune complexes.
    • This technique has contributed to the understanding of disease
    processes, which has directly resulted in the development of
    new diagnostic tests. This is as useful for detecting insulinoma
    (a pancreatic cancer characterized by large amounts of
    circulating insulin) as measuring low or physiologically relevant
    levels of insulin. An indication of the range of substances which
    have been determined
     Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
    • is a physical phenomenon based on magnetic properties of
    atoms and their nuclei and exploits the magnetic properties of
    nuclei to give important qualitative and quantitative
    information on biological samples.
    Karen Rose D. Chan
    IV-BS Chemistry
    PRESENTOR
    Reference
    Victor Gault, Neville McClenaghan - Understanding
    Bioanalytical Chemistry - Principles and Applications-
    Wiley (2009)

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