Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 106 views

    Group 7 The Halogens KLASS

    Uploaded by

    Kimberly Linderholm
    The halogens are in Group 7 of the periodic table. They have similar physical and chemical properties. Physically, they exist as diatomic molecules and have low melting and boiling points due to weak intermolecular forces. Chemically, they readily accept electrons to form ionic bonds or share electrons to form covalent bonds. Their reactivity decreases down the group as the atoms get larger and the outer electrons are farther from the nucleus.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Group 7 The Halogens KLASS

    Uploaded by

    Kimberly Linderholm
    106 views12 pages
    The halogens are in Group 7 of the periodic table. They have similar physical and chemical properties. Physically, they exist as diatomic molecules and have low melting and boiling points due to weak intermolecular forces. Chemically, they readily accept electrons to form ionic bonds or share electrons to form covalent bonds. Their reactivity decreases down the group as the atoms get larger and the outer electrons are farther from the nucleus.

    Original Title

    Group 7 The Halogens KLASS.pptx

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The halogens are in Group 7 of the periodic table. They have similar physical and chemical properties. Physically, they exist as diatomic molecules and have low melting and boiling points due to weak intermolecular forces. Chemically, they readily accept electrons to form ionic bonds or share electrons to form covalent bonds. Their reactivity decreases down the group as the atoms get larger and the outer electrons are farther from the nucleus.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    106 views12 pages

    Group 7 The Halogens KLASS

    Uploaded by

    Kimberly Linderholm
    The halogens are in Group 7 of the periodic table. They have similar physical and chemical properties. Physically, they exist as diatomic molecules and have low melting and boiling points due to weak intermolecular forces. Chemically, they readily accept electrons to form ionic bonds or share electrons to form covalent bonds. Their reactivity decreases down the group as the atoms get larger and the outer electrons are farther from the nucleus.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    The halogens

    Later
    Group 7
    The Halogens
    Physical Properties
    Simple Molecular Structures
    • Diatomic molecules
    • Strong covalent bonds
    • Weak intermolecular forces
    • Low melting and boiling points
    • Poor conductors of heat and electricity

    Melting point and boiling point


    increase as you go down the group.
    Chemical Properties
    of the Halogens
    All have 7 electrons in their outer shell.
    They all want to gain one more electron for a
    full outer shell. There are two ways they can
    do this:
    a) Ionic bonding – Accept one electron from
    a metal atom to become a halide ion with
    a -1 charge.
    b) Covalent bonding – Form one covalent
    bond with another non-metal.
    Examples
    a) Ionic Bonding
    2Na + Cl2 2NaCl
    xo
    + - xo
    Na Cl -
    xx

    xx
    F

    xx

    xx
    xx
    xx
    2+
    Ca + F2 CaF2 xo
    -
    Ca
    F

    xx
    xx
    xx
    Examples
    b) Covalent Bonding
    HCl

    Cl2
    Reactivity decreases as you go down group 7

    Reaction Conditions
    Explosive even at
    F2(g) + H2(g) → 2HF(g) -200oC in the dark.
    Cl2(g) + H2(g) → 2HCl(g) Explosive in sunlight.
    Slow in the dark.
    Br2(g) + H2(g) → 2HBr(g) 300oC + Pt catalyst

    I2(g) + H2(g) → 2HI(g) Very slow at 300oC with


    Pt catalyst
    Group 7 – R
    forming negative ions EA
    F
    C
    • Reactivity decreases as you go T
    down the group. I
    V
    • In larger atoms the outermost I
    T
    electrons are further from the Y Cl
    nucleus. I
    N
    • This makes it harder to gain an C
    electron as it will be less strongly R
    E
    attracted to the nucleus A
    S
    E
    S
    Halogen displacement reactions

    Mr Miss + Miss Mr Miss Miss


    Sodium Iodide Bromine Sodium Bromide Iodine

    Sodium Iodide + Bromine Sodium Bromide + Iodine

    2NaI(aq) + Br2(aq) 2NaBr(aq) + I2(aq)


    Iodide oxidised Bromine reduced
    Halogen displacement reactions

    Miss Mr + Mr Miss Mr Mr
    Potassium Bromide Chlorine Potassium Chloride Bromine

    Potassium Bromide + Chlorine Potassium Chloride + Bromine

    2KBr(aq) + Cl2(aq) 2KCl(aq) + Br2(aq)


    Bromide oxidised Chlorine reduced
    What if we add fluorine to aqueous
    potassium chloride?
    Fluorine is more reactive than
    chlorine so would displace chloride
    from it’s salt.
    However, fluorine is so reactive it
    would instantly react with the
    water before it got to the chloride
    ions!
    F Cl

    You might also like