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DEFINITION OF TERMS
Baking – the process of cooking

food by indirect heat or dry heat in a
confined space as in heated oven using
gas, electricity, charcoal, wood, or oil at
a temperature from 250 oF- 450 oF .
Batter – a flour mixture that can be
stirred or poured
Convection oven – stove in which a

fan circulates heated air through the oven
for fast, even cooking.
Discard – to get rid of as of being no

further use
Dough – a flour mixture that can be
rolled or kneaded
Dutch oven – a brick oven
Igniter – the carborundum rod used to

initiate the discharge in an ignitron
tube
Microwave oven – an oven that
utilizes electromagnetic energy below the
magnetic spectrum
Mixing – to bring together into uniform

mass
Pre-heat – to heat (an oven, for

example) before hand.
Sift – separating course particles in
the ingredient by passing through a
sieve or sifter.
Baking wares – are made of glass or
metal containers for batter and dough with
various sizes and shapes.
Cake pans - comes in different sizes and

shapes and may be round square
rectangular or heart shaped.
Tube center pan – deeper than a
round pan and with a hollow
center, it is removable which is
used to bake chiffon type cakes.
Muffin pan - has 12 formed
cups for baking muffins and cup
cakes.
Pop over pan – is used for

cooking pop over.
Jelly roll pan – is shallow
rectangular pan used for baking rolls.
Bundt pan – is a round pan

with scalloped sides used for
baking elegant and special cakes.
Custard cup – is made of porcelain
or glass used for baking individual
custard.
Griddle pans – are
used to bake griddles.
Loaf Pan – is used to

bake loaf bread.
Biscuit and doughnut
cutter – is used to cut and
shape biscuit or doughnut.
Cutting tools – include a
knife and chopping board that are
used to cut glazed fruit, nuts, or
other ingredients in baking.
Electric mixer – is used
for different baking procedure for
beating, stirring and blending.
Flour sifter – is used for sifting flour.
Grater – is used to grate cheese,
chocolate, and other fresh fruits.
Kitchen shears - are used to slice
rolls and delicate cakes.
Measuring cups –consist of two
types namely:
a. A graduated cup with fractions (1, 3/4,
2/3, ½, 1/3, ¼, 1/8) marked on each
side.
b. A measuring glass made of transparent

glass or plastic is more accurate for
measuring.
Measuring spoons –
consist of a set of measuring spoons
used to measure small quantities of
ingredients.
Mortar and Pestle
– is used to pound or ground
ingredients.
Paring knife – is used to
pare or cut fruits and vegetables into
different sizes.
Pastry bag – a funnel
shaped container of icing or
whipped cream.
Pastry blender – has a
handle and with wire which I used to cut
fat or shortening in the preparation of pies,
biscuits or doughnuts.
Pastry brush – is used
in greasing pans or surface of pastries
and breads.
Pastry tip- is a pointed
metal or plastic tube connected to
the opening of the pastry and is
used to form desired designs.
Pastry wheel – has a
blade knife used to cut dough when
making pastries.
Rotary egg beater – is used in
beating eggs or whipping cream.
Rolling pin – is used to flatten
or roll the dough.
Rubber scrapper –
is used to remove bits of food in
side of the bowl.
Spatula – comes in different sizes;
small spatula are used to remove muffins and
molded cookies from pans which is 5 to 6
inches; large spatula for icing or frosting cakes;
flexible blade is used for various purposes.
Strainer – is used to strain or
sift dry ingredients.
Timer – is used to in timing
baked products, the rising of yeast
and to check the doneness of cakes.
Weighing scale –is used to measure
ingredients in large quantities.
Utility tray – is used to hold ingredients
together.
Wire whisk – is used to beat or
whip egg whites or cream.
Wooden spoon – is also
called mixing spoon which comes in
various sizes suitable for different types of
mixing.
Cake decorator (Cylindrical)
– is used in decorating or designing cake
and other pastry products.
Cookie press – is used to mold and
shape cookies.
Ovens are the workhorses of the
bakery and pastry shop and are essential
for producing the bakery products. Ovens
are enclosed spaces in which food is
heated, usually by hot air. Several kinds
of ovens are used in baking.
DECK OVENS are so called because the items to
be baked either on sheet pans or in the case of
some bread freestanding are placed directly on
the bottom, or deck of oven. This is also called
STACK OVEN because several may be stacked
on top of one another. Breads are baked
directly on the floor of the oven and not in
pans. Deck oven for baking bread are equipped
with steam ejector.
RACK OVEN is a large oven
into which entire racks full of sheet
pans can be wheeled for baking.
MECHANICAL OVEN The food is in
motion while it bakes in this type of oven. The most common
types are a revolving oven, in which his mechanism is like
that of a Ferris wheel. The mechanical action eliminates the
problem of hot spots or uneven baking because the
mechanism rotates throughout the oven. Because of its size it
is especially used in high volume operations. It can also be
equipped with steam ejector.
CONVECTION OVEN contains
fans that circulate the air and distribute
the heat rapidly throughout the interior.
Strong forced air can distort the shape of
the products made with batter and soft
dough.
Dutch oven is a thick-walled (usually
cast iron) cooking pot with a tight-fitting lid.
Dutch ovens have been used as cooking vessels for
hundreds of years. They are called “casserole
dishes” in English speaking countries other than
the USA, and cocottes in French, They are similar
to both the Japanese tetsunabe and the Sač, a
traditional Balkan cast-iron oven, and are related
to the South African Potjie and the Australian
Bedourie oven.

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DEFINITION OF TERMS

Baking – the process of cooking

Convection oven – stove in which a

Discard – to get rid of as of being no

Dutch oven – a brick oven

Igniter – the carborundum rod used to

Mixing – to bring together into uniform

Pre-heat – to heat (an oven, for

Cake pans - comes in different sizes and

Pop over pan – is used for

Bundt pan – is a round pan

Loaf Pan – is used to

b. A measuring glass made of transparent

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