14 Parenting Styles

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PARENTING STYLES

4 Parenting Styles
(according to Diane Baumrind)
Authoritarian Parenting

• Authoritarian parents are often thought of as disciplinarians.


• They use a strict discipline style with little negotiation possible.
Punishment is common.
• Communication is mostly one way: from parent to child. Rules usually
are not explained.
• Parents with this style are typically less nurturing.
• Expectations are high with limited flexibility.
Authoritative Parenting

• Authoritative parents are reasonable and nurturing, and set high, clear
expectations.
• Children with parents who demonstrate this style tend to be self-
disciplined and think for themselves. This style is thought to be most
beneficial to children.
• Disciplinary rules are clear and the reasons behind them are explained.
• Communication is frequent and appropriate to the child’s level of
understanding.
• Authoritative parents are nurturing.
• Expectations and goals are high but stated clearly. Children may have
input into goals.
Permissive Parenting

• Permissive or Indulgent parents mostly let their children do what they


want, and offer limited guidance or direction. They are more like friends
than parents.
• Their discipline style is the opposite of strict. They have limited or no
rules and mostly let children figure problems out on their own.
• Communication is open but these parents let children decide for
themselves rather than giving direction.
• Parents in this category tend to be warm and nurturing.
• Expectations are typically minimal or not set by these parents.
Uninvolved Parenting

• Uninvolved parents give children a lot of freedom and generally stay


out of their way. No particular discipline style is utilized.
• An uninvolved parent lets a child mostly do what he wants, probably
out of a lack of information or caring.
• Communication is limited.
• This group of parents offers little nurturing.
• There are few or no expectations of children.
Barbara Coloroso, Canada, Toronto, Ontario, 2001, introduces
different imagery from Diane Baumrind:

Authoritarian becomes “Brick-wall”


Indulgent or Permissive turn into “Jellyfish”
Authoritative is called “Backbone”

Brick-wall Family
A brick-wall is a nonliving thing, designed to restrict, to keep in and to
keep out. In brick wall families the structure is rigid and is used for
control and power, both of which are in the hands of the parents.
Jellyfish Family
A jellyfish has no firm parts at all and reacts to every eddy and current
that comes along. In jellyfish families structure is almost non-existent;
the need for it (structure) may not even be acknowledged or
understood.

Backbone Family
A backbone is a living. supple spine that gives form and movement to
the whole body. In backbone families structure is present and firm and
flexible and functional.
END

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