OBJECTIVES:

. Classify different texts according to type of

writing
. Recognize the generic features and
structure of a specific terms
. Identify the pattern of development used
in a specific text
. Recognize well – written texts and their
specific properties
Djejf
 TYPES OF WRITING
 GENRE AS TYPES OF WRITNG

 GENRE have also been considered as

types, or categories of writing, namely
narrative writing , descriptive writing ,
expository writing ,responses to
literature,research writing, workplace,
and technical writing, and writing for
media.
 NARRATIVE WRITING

Tells a story. A story told from

ones imagination is a fictional
narrative . A story about actual
events is non fictional
narrative.
Characteri
stic of an
effective
narrative
 EFFECTIVE NARRATIVE
Has a clear focus or main point

Presents events in a chronological time or order

Has a well – developed plot

Uses sensory details

Uses the elements of a narrative

Uses effective sentence structure

 FICTION NARRATIVES

Are literary texts that tells a story about

imagined people , events , and ideas . The
different forms of fiction narratives contain
literary elements such as character, setting ,
a sequence of events , and a theme. They
have well – developed conflict and
resolution , interesting and believable
elements, and a range of literary strategies/
 Example 3:
FORMS OF FICTION NARRATIVES
1. Realistic fiction – portrays invented
characters and events in everyday
situations.

2. Fantasy stories- are highly

imaginative writing that contain
elements not found in real life.
 Example 3:
FORMS OF FICTION NARRATIVES
3. Historical fiction- is about imaginary
people living in a real places and times
of history.

4. Mystery stories- present

unexplained or strange events that
characters are usually fictional people.
 Example 3:
FORMS OF FICTION NARRATIVES
5. Myths – are fictional tales that
explains the actions of gods or heroes
or the origin of the elements of nature.

6.Legends – are widely told stories

about the past , one that may or may
not have foundation of fact.
 Example 3:
FORMS OF FICTION NARRATIVES
7. Science fiction – is writing that tells
about imaginary events that involve
science or technology.

8. Tall tales- larger than life characters

in real-life settings . The characters can
perform amazing acts of strength and
 Example 3:
ACTIVITY 9
The following are examples of fiction narratives . Which of these
narratives are you familiar with?

Realistic fiction: The secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett

Fantasy : The Harry Potter stories by J.K. Rowling
Historical fiction: The Prince and the Pauper
Mystery stories: The Hound of the Baskervilles” and other Sherlock
Holmes mysteries
Myths : “ The Twelve Labors of Hercules”by Walker Brents
Mythology by Edith Hamilton
Legends : Stories about King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table
Science fiction: The Fun They Had by Isaac Asimov
Tall tales: Stories About Pecos Bill , Bernardo Carpio
 NON FICTION
Example 3: NARRATIVES
- are kind of literary texts that tells a story
about real people , events , and ideas .

- the different forms of nonfiction

narratives include well – developed conflict
and resolution , interesting , and believable
characters ,and a range of literary
strategies such as dialogue and suspense.
 FORMS OF NARRATIVES
Personal – tell true stories about
events in a person’s life. They are also
called autobiographical narratives
Biographical narratives- are accounts
of a persons life written by someone
else .
-biographies can be short or book
length.
 FORMS OF NARRATIVES
Diary and journal entries- are highly
personal experiences , thoughts and
feelings .

-the audience however is private,

unless the writer chooses to share the
diary and journal entries.
 FORMS OF NARRATIVES
Diary and journal entries- are highly
personal experiences , thoughts and
feelings .

-the audience however is private,

unless the writer chooses to share the
diary and journal entries.
 FORMS OF NARRATIVES
Blogs –are online journals that may
include autobiographical narratives,
reflections, opinions, and other types
of comments.

Eyewitness- accounts are nonfiction

writing that focus on historical or other
important events.
 FORMS OF NARRATIVES
Memoirs- are accounts written by
somebody about meaningful scenes in
his/ her life experiences.
Reflective essay- presents personal
experiences that generally focus on
sharing observations and insights the
writer had while thinking about the
experiences.
 ACTIVITY 10
On a piece of paper, write the titles of
nonfiction narratives you have read,
identify the type of nonfiction
narrative each one is . Exchange
papers with a classmate . Have peer
checking of your lists.
BB
B
 gb

DESCRITIVE WRITING
Expresses feelings and ideas about
real and imagined people, events,
dfmn

and ideas. It uses precise language

and sensory expressions to create
vivid images and figurative
language to express ideas in new ,
fresh , and interesting ways.
 gb

EFFECTIVE DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY

.Has a clear focus and sense of

dfmn

purpose
.Uses sensory details and precise
words
. Presents details in logical order
FORMS OF DESCRITIVE
WRITING

Descriptive essays uses

words that involve the
senses to create a clear
picture of the subject
 TRAVEL ESSAY

Use sensory words to

describe place
 DEFINITION ESSAY

DESCRIBE something
abstract , for example
courage, or friendship ,
drawn from the writer’s
emotional experience
 ACTIVITY 11

Do a library or online
search of descriptive
writing – descriptive
essays, travel essays, and
definition essays. Provide
yourself with atleast one
example.
 EXPOSITORY WRITING
Is alog2
1). typeUV2
of writing
W3 that intends to
communicate
=log2 U + log2
ideas
V2and
+ log2
information
W3 .
It relies
=log2onU facts
+ 2log2
to inform
V + 3log2
or explain
W .

2).
Thelog9 x2/y2 = log9
introductory x2 - log9presents
paragraphs y2 a thesis
=3logX - which
statements 2log9Yis the main point to be
developed.
3). 12log3 X + 12log3 Z - 3log3 Y
The=log3
bodyX12 + log3fact
provides Z12about
- log3 the
Y3 topic .
=log3 X12
A variety Z12/log3structures
of sentence y3 and transitions
are=used
log3 in
X12 Z12/y3
the body.
The concluding paragraphs sums up the ideas
 CHARACTERISTIC OF EFFECTIVE
EXPOSITORY WRITING

Contains detailed information and explanation about a

specific topic

. Uses an effective introduction and conclusion

. Has a well- organized structure

. Uses a variety of sentence structures and transitions

. Uses effective and error-free sentence structure

 FORMS OF EXPOSITORY WRITING

An analytical essay explores a topic by

supplying relevant information in the
form of facts ,examples, reasons, and
valid inferences.

The introductory paragraph presents a

thesis statement to support the writer’s
 FORMS OF EXPOSITORY WRITING3

1. Compare and Contrast- essays that

explores similarities and
differences between two or more
things for a specific purpose .

2. A problem –solution essay presents

a problem and then offers solution
 FORMS OF EXPOSITORY WRITING 3

3. Classification essay, writer organizes

a subject into categories and explains
category into which an item falls .

4. Cause and effect- traces the results

of an event or describes the reasons an
event happened.
 FORMS OF EXPOSITORY WRITING 3

5. Pro-con essay- examines arguments

for and against an idea or topic

6. Newspapers and magazines aricles-

offers information about news and
events .They are typically factual and
they donot include the writer’s opinion
 FORMS OF EXPOSITORY WRITING 3

7. Internet articles- are often like

newspapers and magazine articles.
-they include more visuals and may
also reflect genres other than
analytical essays.
8. On hand writing- often appear on
school test.
 ACTIVITY 12 3

Do a library or online search for

exemplars of expository writing-
analytical essay, compare and contrast
essays, cause and effect essays and
others. Provide yourself atleast one
example. Have a short question and
answer session on each essay.
 PERSUASIVE WRITING 3

Aims to convince the reader to adopt

an opinion or course of action .

. A strong persuasive text is logically

organized and clearly describes the
issue.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFECTIVE PERSUASIVE ESSAY
3

. Has a clear thesis on an issue

. Uses sound reasoning
. Uses powerful language
. Presents detailed and relevant ideas
. Presents alternatives and counter
arguments
. Uses clear organization/ error free
 FORMS OF PERSUASIVE WRITING 3

-Essay that aims to influence the

attitudes or actions of a specific
audience on specific issues

1. Editorials- state the opinion of the

editiors and publishers of news
organization
 FORMS OF PERSUASIVE WRITING 3

-An Op- ed(opposite editorial) piece is

an essay that tries to convince readers
with the writers views on an issue.

-the writer may not work for the

publication to express opinions / or has
an interesting point of view
 FORMS OF PERSUASIVE WRITING 3

-Letters to the editor- are letters sent

to print and internet publications to
express opinions in response to
previously published articles.

Reviews- evaluate items and activities ,

such as books, movies plays and music
 FORMS OF PERSUASIVE WRITING 3

-Advertisements- are paid

announcements that trytoconvince
people to buy something or do.

Propaganda- uses emotional appeal

and often biased , false , or misleading
information to persuade people
 ACTIVITY 13 3

Form a group with six other classmates

.Create a collection of forms of
persuasive writing from various
sources. Provide question and answer
session on each group.
 RESPONSES OF LITERATURE 3

Analyze and interpret an author’s

work.

They extend beyond literary works to

evaluate and discuss how and why the
text is effective or not effective.
EFFECTIVE INTERPRETATIVE RESPONSE
3

.Has clear thesis or controlling ideas

2

.Has an analysis and conclusion about

the meaning of the work
. Includes details and evidence from
the text to show understanding of the
text
. Includes personal insights
.Includes a discussion
 FORMS OF RESPONSES
3

.Critical reviews evaluate books, plays,

2

Poetry, and other literary works.

.They may analyse the aesthetic effect

of an author’s use of language in
addition to responding to the content
of the writing.
 FORMS OF RESPONSES
3

Compare and contrast- essays explore

2

similarities and differences between

two or more works of literature

Letters to authors- are letters directly

sent by readers to authors to share
their feelings and thoughts about a
literary work.
 FORMS OF RESPONSES
3

Blog- comments on an authors Website

2

or retailer pages let readers share their

ideas about a work.

The readers expresses their opinion

and give interpretations of what are
authors work mean.
 3

ACTIVITY 14 2

Create a portfolio of different forms of

responses to literature.

Give your own comments on each

response to a literary text in your
collection
 Workplace and technical Writing
3

Is writing done on the job or as part of

the job, often in an office setting .

It usually communicates details about a

particular job or work project.