The Fundamental Skills 4

The Fundamental Skills
Volleyball
The Fundamental Skills
1.Serve
2. Pass
3. Set
4. Attack
5. Block
6. Dig
1. Serve
▪ the player stands behind the line and serves the

ball, in an attempt to drive it to the opponent’s
court.
▪ Main objective here is to make the ball land inside
the court.
Types of Serves
Basic type of services
1. Underhand service
▪ Server faces net with left foot forward;

▪ Ball is held about waist level in palm of left hand in front of right leg;
▪ Swing right arm backward shifting weight to rear foot;
▪ To strike ball swing right arm or fist closed as left hand releases.
2. Overhead Service
▪ The stance is the same as for the underhand serve;

▪ But the skill executed by the player tossing the ball approximately
above the head level and hitting it with extended hitting arm.
3. Sidearm service
▪ The chief advantage of this method is the deceptive twist or curve.

▪ Executed by tossing the ball approximately above head level and
hitting it with extended hitting arm.
Types of Serves
Advance type of services
1. Underhand and overhead serve
▪ Refers to whether the player strikes the ball from below, at waist
level or first tosses the ball in the air and then hits it above shoulder
level.
▪ Underhand service is considered very easy to receive and is rarely
employed in high-level competition.
2. Sky ball serve
▪ A specific type of underhand serve occasionally used in beach

volleyball, where the ball is hit so high it comes down almost in a
straight line.
▪ Invented and employed almost exclusively by the Brazilian team in
early 1980’s and now considered outdated.
▪ In Brazil, this serve is called Jornada nas Estrelas (Star Trek).
3. Line and cross-court serve
▪ Refers to whether the ball flies in a straight trajectory

parallel to the side lines, or crosses through the court in an
angle.
4. Top spin
▪ An overhead serve where the ball gains topspin through wrist

snapping.
▪ This spin causes the ball to drop faster than it appears to a passer
receiving it.
5. Floater
▪ An overhand serve where the ball is hit with no spin so that its path
becomes unpredictable.
▪ Can be administered while jumping or standing.
▪ Akin to a knuckleball in baseball.
6. Jump serve
▪ An overhand serve where the ball is first tossed high in the air, then
the player makes a timed approach and jumps to make contact with
the ball.
▪ Most popular serve amongst college and professional teams.
7. Jump Float
▪ This serve like the jump serve and floater.

▪ The ball is still made while in the air.
▪ Also popular because it has a certain unpredictability in its flight
patter.
8. Round-House Serve
▪ The player stands with one shoulder facing the net, tosses the ball
high and hits it with a fast circular movement of the arm.
▪ Hit with the palm creating a lot of topspin.
9. Hybrid Serve
▪ An overhead serve delivered similarly to a topspin serve;

▪ Has more pace than a floater, but has a similar unpredictable path.
2. Pass
2. Pass
▪ Also called reception.

▪ Pass is the attempt by a team to properly handle the
opponent’s serve, or any form of attack.
2. Pass
▪ Involves two (2) techniques:

1. Underarm pass or bump – where the ball touches the
inside part of the joined forearms platforms, at waist
line.
2. Overhand pass – where tit is handled with the fingertips,
like a set, above the head.
3. Set
3. Set
▪ Is usually the second contact that a team makes with the ball.
▪ Main goal is to put the ball in the air in such a way it can be driven by
an attack into the opponent’s court.
3. Set
Overhead set – allows for more control over the speed and
direction of the ball.
Bump set – used only where the ball is low it cannot be
properly handled with fingertips.
Jump set – used when the ball is too close to the net.
Dump – a setter refrains from raising the ball for a
teammate to perform an attack and tries to play it directly
onto the opponent’s court.
4. Attack
4. Attack
▪ Slang term: spike.

▪ Usually the third contact a team makes with the ball.
▪ Objective is to handle the ball so that it lands on the opponent’s court
and cannot be defended.
▪ A ”bounce” (a slang term) for a very hard/loud spike that follows an
almost straight trajectory steeply downward into the opponent’s
court.
▪ A “kill” (slang term) for an attack that is not returned.
4. Attack
▪ Contemporary volleyball comprises a number of attacking

techniques:
1. Backcourt (or back row)/pipe attack - an attack performed by a
back-row player. The player must jump from behind the 3-meter
line before making contact with the ball, but may land in front of
the 3-meter line.
2. Line and Cross-court Shot - refers to whether the ball flies in a
straight trajectory parallel to the sidelines, or crosses through the
court in an angle. A cross-court shot with a very pronounced angle,
resulting in the ball landing near the 3-meter line, is called a cut
shot.
4. Attack
3. Dip/Dink/Tip/Cheat/Dump - the player does not try to make a hit,

but touches the ball lightly, so that it lands on an area of the opponent's
court that is not being covered by the defense.
4. Tool/Wipe/Block-abuse - the player does not try to make a hard
spike, but hits the ball so that it touches the opponent's block and then
bounces off-court.
5. Off-speed hit - the player does not hit the ball hard, reducing its
speed and thus confusing the opponent's defense.
4. Attack
6. Quick hit/"One“ - an attack (usually by the middle blocker) where the
approach and jump begin before the setter contacts the ball. The set (called a
"quick set") is placed only slightly above the net and the ball is struck by the
hitter almost immediately after leaving the setter's hands. Quick attacks are
often effective because they isolate the middle blocker to be the only blocker
on the hit.
7. Slide - a variation of the quick hit that uses a low backset. The middle hitter
steps around the setter and hits from behind him or her.
8. Double quick hit/"Stack"/"Tandem“ - a variation of quick hit where two
hitters, one in front and one behind the setter or both in front of the setter,
jump to perform a quick hit at the same time. It can be used to deceive
opposite blockers and free a fourth hitter attacking from back-court, maybe
without block at all.
5. Block
5. Block
▪ Blocking refers to the actions taken by players standing at

the net to stop or alter an opponent's attack.
▪ A block that is aimed at completely stopping an attack,
thus making the ball remain in the opponent's court, is
called offensive.
▪ By contrast, it is called a defensive, or "soft" block if the
goal is to control and deflect the hard-driven ball up so that
it slows down and becomes easier to defend.
6. Dig
6. Dig
▪ the ability to prevent the ball from touching one's court after a spike
or attack, particularly a ball that is nearly touching the ground.
▪ In many aspects, this skill is similar to passing, or bumping: overhand
dig and bump are also used to distinguish between defensive actions
taken with fingertips or with joined arms.
▪ A player may sometimes perform a "dive", i.e., throw their body in
the air with a forward movement in an attempt to save the ball, and
land on their chest.
▪ When the player also slides their hand under a ball that is almost
touching the court, this is called a "pancake".

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The Fundamental Skills

▪ the player stands behind the line and serves the

▪ Server faces net with left foot forward;

▪ The stance is the same as for the underhand serve;

▪ The chief advantage of this method is the deceptive twist or curve.

▪ A specific type of underhand serve occasionally used in beach

▪ Refers to whether the ball flies in a straight trajectory

▪ An overhead serve where the ball gains topspin through wrist

▪ This serve like the jump serve and floater.

▪ An overhead serve delivered similarly to a topspin serve;

▪ Also called reception.

▪ Involves two (2) techniques:

▪ Slang term: spike.

▪ Contemporary volleyball comprises a number of attacking

3. Dip/Dink/Tip/Cheat/Dump - the player does not try to make a hit,

▪ Blocking refers to the actions taken by players standing at

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