Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 23 views

    A Critical Analysis of Environmental Provisions in The Preferential Trade Agreements (Ptas) in The Asia-Pacific

    Uploaded by

    Yosef Felix Sitorus
    This document analyzes environmental provisions in 26 preferential trade agreements (PTAs) in the Asia-Pacific region. It examines the substance of the provisions, institutional mechanisms for implementation, and enforcement measures. Regarding substance, protections have increased since 2013, though Western nations include broader protections. Institutional mechanisms establish environmental bodies but their effectiveness varies. Enforcement types include investigations and dispute settlement, but methods are seldom used in Asian PTAs. The Trans-Pacific Partnership is assessed as "greener" than prior PTAs due to expanded scope and enforcement actions like fines. However, criticisms note it may not close gaps in environmental standards between nations. Overall challenges include setting provisions for specific issues and strengthening regional governance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    A Critical Analysis of Environmental Provisions in The Preferential Trade Agreements (Ptas) in The Asia-Pacific

    Uploaded by

    Yosef Felix Sitorus
    23 views13 pages
    This document analyzes environmental provisions in 26 preferential trade agreements (PTAs) in the Asia-Pacific region. It examines the substance of the provisions, institutional mechanisms for implementation, and enforcement measures. Regarding substance, protections have increased since 2013, though Western nations include broader protections. Institutional mechanisms establish environmental bodies but their effectiveness varies. Enforcement types include investigations and dispute settlement, but methods are seldom used in Asian PTAs. The Trans-Pacific Partnership is assessed as "greener" than prior PTAs due to expanded scope and enforcement actions like fines. However, criticisms note it may not close gaps in environmental standards between nations. Overall challenges include setting provisions for specific issues and strengthening regional governance.

    Original Description:

    Materi chen yang terbaru

    Original Title

    9. Final_Chen_24022017

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document analyzes environmental provisions in 26 preferential trade agreements (PTAs) in the Asia-Pacific region. It examines the substance of the provisions, institutional mechanisms for implementation, and enforcement measures. Regarding substance, protections have increased since 2013, though Western nations include broader protections. Institutional mechanisms establish environmental bodies but their effectiveness varies. Enforcement types include investigations and dispute settlement, but methods are seldom used in Asian PTAs. The Trans-Pacific Partnership is assessed as "greener" than prior PTAs due to expanded scope and enforcement actions like fines. However, criticisms note it may not close gaps in environmental standards between nations. Overall challenges include setting provisions for specific issues and strengthening regional governance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    23 views13 pages

    A Critical Analysis of Environmental Provisions in The Preferential Trade Agreements (Ptas) in The Asia-Pacific

    Uploaded by

    Yosef Felix Sitorus
    This document analyzes environmental provisions in 26 preferential trade agreements (PTAs) in the Asia-Pacific region. It examines the substance of the provisions, institutional mechanisms for implementation, and enforcement measures. Regarding substance, protections have increased since 2013, though Western nations include broader protections. Institutional mechanisms establish environmental bodies but their effectiveness varies. Enforcement types include investigations and dispute settlement, but methods are seldom used in Asian PTAs. The Trans-Pacific Partnership is assessed as "greener" than prior PTAs due to expanded scope and enforcement actions like fines. However, criticisms note it may not close gaps in environmental standards between nations. Overall challenges include setting provisions for specific issues and strengthening regional governance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 13

    A Critical Analysis of Environmental

    Provisions in the Preferential Trade


    Agreements (PTAs) in the Asia-
    Pacific

    I-Ju Chen

    24th February 2017


    Contents
    I. PTAs and the Asia-Pacific
    II. Analysis of Environmental Provisions
    III. Assessment of TPP
    IV. Challenges and Opportunities
    I. PTAs and the Asia-Pacific

    • Western and Asian countries


    I. PTAs and the Asia-Pacific

    •Developed and
    Developing countries
    II. Analysis of Environmental Provisions
    ❖26 PTAs
    ❖Forms
    ∙ in PTAs
    ∙ in a side environmental agreement
    ❖Three categories are identified:
    ∙ Substance
    ∙ Institutional mechanisms
    ∙ Enforcement
    26 PTAs that incorporate environmental provisions:
    AUSFTA: Australia and the US Free Trade Agreement (2005)
    ACFTA: Australia and Chile Free Trade Agreement (2008)
    BJEPA: Brunei and Japan Economic Promotion Agreement (2007)
    CCFTA: Canada and Chile Free Trade Agreement (1997)
    CMFTA 1999: Chile and Mexico Free Trade Agreement (1999)
    CCnFTA 2005: Chile and China Free Trade Agreement (2005)
    CPFTA 2008: Canada and Peru Free Trade Agreement (2008)
    CnPFTA 2009: China and Peru Free Trade Agreement (2009)
    CAFTA 2015: China and Australia Free Trade Agreement (2015)
    CKFTA 2015: Canada and Korea Free Trade Agreement (2015)
    JMEPA 2005: Japan and Malaysia Economic Promotion Agreement (2005)
    JAEPA 2014: Japan and Australia Economic Promotion Agreement (2014)
     KCFTA 2003: Korea and Chile Free Trade Agreement (2003)
     KSFTA 2005: Korea and Singapore Free Trade Agreement (2005)
     KORUS 2012: Korea and US Free Trade Agreement (2012)
     KAFTA 2014: Korea and Australia Free Trade Agreement (2014)
     MAFTA 2013: Malaysia and Australia Free Trade Agreement (2013)
     NAFTA 1994: The North American Free Trade Agreement (1994)
     SAFTA 2003: Singapore and Australia Free Trade Agreement (2003)
     SEP 2005: Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement between Brunei, Chile, New Zealand
    and Singapore (2005)
     SCFTA 2008: Singapore and China Free Trade Agreement (2008)
     TAFTA 2005: Thailand and Australia Free Trade Agreement (2005)
     USSFTA 2003: US and Singapore Free Trade Agreement (2003)
     UPTPA 2006: US and Peru Trade Promotion Agreement (2006)
     UCFTA 2004: US and Chile Free Trade Agreement (2004)
     VCFTA 2014: Vietnam and Chile Free Trade Agreement (2014)
    II. Analysis of Substance
    ❖Findings
    Reflected in trade and investment;
    Avoid green protectionism;
    Higher Protection after 2013 (Exception:
    Australia’s FTAs with Chia, Japan and Malaysia);
    Broader protection in PTAs of Western countries

    ❖Comments:
    Effectiveness of the PTAs
    II. Analysis of Institutional Mechanisms
    ❖Findings:
    Environmental institutions and assessments;
    Canada’s Foreign Investment Protection and
    Promotion Agreements: request of
    environmental assessments

    ❖Comments: Operation of institutional


    mechanisms
    II. Analysis of Enforcement
    ❖Findings:
    Types: investigatory, prosecutorial, regulatory
    and compliance;
    Access to Remedies and Procedural
    Requirements;
    Dispute Settlement Mechanisms

    ❖Comments: Available but seldom be used; the


    absence in the Asian PTAs
    III. Assessment of TPP
    ❖Summary of the analysis of existing PTAs
    ❖Greener? Yes.
    Factors: Broad Scope: Fishing, marine
    conservation and pollution, logging, ozone.
    Removing tariffs on numerous environmental
    goods; enforcement: monetary fines and trade
    sanctions
    ❖Criticisms of TPP
    IV. Challenges and Opportunities
    ❖Provisions of specific environmental
    matters
    ❖Gap of environmental standards
    ❖Regional environmental governance by
    a RTA: TPP or RCEP?

    Image: David Kleimann


    Thank you. 
    Email: [email protected]
    Twitter:@Iju_Chen

    You might also like