Environment Impact

Assessment
Introduction to
Defination:
EIA
a formal process to predict the
environmental consequences of human development
activities and to plan appropriate measures to
eliminate or reduce adverse effects and to augment
positive effects.
 Bandra versova sea link

Identification
It comprised generation of primary data and collection of secondary data.
Primary survey including environmental monitoring conducted for above period to
gather information on the following environmental attributes.
FINE ENVIROTECH ENGINEERS
EIA REPORT OF MSRDC-VERSOVA BANDRA SEA LINK
1-4
Air quality in respect of SPM, NOx, SO2, CO and RSPM
Noise Levels
Water Quality of key physico-chemical parameters
Soil Quality
Ecology and Bio- diversity
Secondary data were collected on the following aspects to supplement the primary
information in order to assess the baseline environmental setup.
Geological and physiological characteristics
Meteorological data – rainfall, humidity, temperature, wind speed and wind
direction
Flora and Fauna (Ecology & Bio- Diversity)
Screening
It is the determination of whether or not an EIA is needed and is a formal
requirement under the EIA Regulations. Impacts of the project on environment
both during construction phase and operational phase are assessed against the
baseline Bio-physical information and traffic data. Baseline information along
with predicted air quality and noise levels data are compared with the National
Standards stipulated by regulatory agencies like CPCB and MoEF. Qualitative
assessment of the impacts of increased noise level, water and soil pollution due
to project on public health, animal and surrounding vegetation has been
assessed.
 Stage 5: Mitigation

Meaning:
• When measures are identified to avoid, minimize or
remedy impacts.

• Identify the measure that safeguard the environment

and the community affected by the proposal.
Mitigation of large scale housing projects and dams
What happens during mitigation of projects:

• Displacement of existing land uses.

• Destruction of environmentally critical area.

Why is mitigation required for the sarovar dam ??

• Hundreds of trees were cut. The woods were the livelihood of some
villagers.
• Even the fishermen lost their livelihood.
• River water supply was stopped during the time of construction..
• Irrigation came to a halt for a long period of time.
PROPOSED VERSOVA -BANDRA SEA LINK

The positive impacts of the project according to MSRDC are:

 Master mode of transportation.
 Reduces the travel time from 1hour to 20 minutes and will
avoid 14 major signals.
 less consumption of precious fuels like petrol,diesel,CNG
thereby less air pollution.
 Reduce noise pollution.
 Reduces mental fatigue of the driver
 Reduction in carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide level at
mahim,Dadar,Prabhadevi etc

 No adverse effects on fisheries and other marine life

 Proper landscaping measures along the approaches and

water promenade will enhance environment of area.
 Decision Making
Balancing economic, social
and environmental factors.

Weighing benefits and costs.

Consists the final approval of

a proposal.
OUTCOMES OF DECISION MAKING
 Proposal approved.

 Proposal approved with conditions.

 Proposal returned for revision and resubmission.

 Proposal rejected.
ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE

 Management tool to ensure optimal use of natural resources.

 For sustainable development.
 Assess impact of the planned project on the environment and try to
abate/minimize the same.
The process of Environmental Clearance
 IDENTIFICATION OF WORLI SEA LINK
• The Famous Bandra-Worli sea link is also known by the name Rajiv Gandhi
Sea Link. It is a cable bridge that connects Bandra in the west of Mumbai
to Worli which is in the southern part of the city.

• This bridge has helped in saving a lot of time for the passengers who
travel from Bandra to Worli and vice versa.

• The bridge has concrete steel viaducts on either of its sides which
strengths its base . This bridge in Mumbai is a perfect example of the
brilliant engineering works done by the authorities. It is considered one
of the most unique parts of Mumbai .

• The benefit will be further

maximized when the bridge is
extended to Nariman Point as
planned by MSRDC.
PAMBAN BRIDGE AIROLI BRIDGE
Pamban Bridge is a railway bridge which The Airoli Bridge is a bridge in
connects the town the Mumbai metropolitan area of India. It
of Rameswaram on Pamban Island to was constructed to establish a direct road
mainland India. Opened on 24 February link between Mumbai and Navi Mumbai.
1914, it is India's first sea bridge, and It is Constructed by Afcons Infrastructure
was the longest sea bridge in India until Ltd and project executed by Subodh V.
the opening of the Bandra-Worli Sea Kamat, the 1.03 km bridge marked the
Link in 2009. development of Airoli& Thane-
It is the bridge that opens up to allow Belapur belt.
ferry movement. On an average, 10 to
15 boats and small ships pass beneath
the bridge every month.
Scoping and alternatives

 Scoping is a critical, early step in the preparation of an EIA. The scoping

process identifies the issues that are likely to be of most importance during
the EIA and eliminates those that are of little concern. In this way, EIA studies
are focused on the significant effects and time and money are not wasted on
unnecessary investigations.
Alternative Alignment No.1 : Coastal Bridge partly at 200m away from coast
& partly along the Coast (With Cut & Cover Tunnel at Juhu Beach)
• The road will be constructed along the coast about 200-300m away from the
coast from Juhu to Bandra. The total length of the road shall be about
10.072Km. The total length will consist of sea link i.e. coastal bridge of about
2.200 km and tunnel and approaches 3.0km and road on stilts of 4.872 km.
The road shall have 4+4 lanes on either side. The dispersal points are
proposed at Otter’s Club and Juhu Koliwada. The total cost of the project
based on 2011 to 2012 is estimated to be Rs 3748 Crores & current cost of the
project is Rs. 5111 Cr. Based on 2015-16 rates.
Alternative Alignment No.2: Sea Link entirely in sea (approx. 900 m away
from coast
• The sea link will be constructed 900m away from the coast. The total length
of the road shall be about 9.890Km. The total length will consist of sea link of
about 9.500 km and road on stilt 390m. The construction of the sea link along
this alignment do not envisage any cutting or tunnel. The road shall have 4+4
lanes on either side. The dispersal points are proposed at Otter’s Club and
Juhu Koliwada. The total cost of the project based on 2011- 2012 rate is
estimated to be Rs 4045 crores. & current cost of the project is Rs. 5516 Cr.
Based on 2015-16 rates.
IMPACT PREDICTION AND ANALYSIS

 IMPACTS:
 There has been a depeletion of mangrove cover due to the
reclamation of bandra worli sea link
 According to a newspaper article approximately 20,000 people are
dependent on fishing as an occupation.due to the sitting of the
project and the extent of reclamation the fishermen have been
denied access to sea
 In Mumbai, road transport is a major source of air pollution, which
has worsened by the order of 400 % in the last two decades and now
poses a considerable health problem.
Mitigation
This stage includes recommended actions that can offset the
adverse impacts of the project . This is done with the idea of
lessening the negative effects and improving the scope for project
benefits.
Mitigation measures may be:
1 . Preventive :public awareness programmes
2. Compensatory : to reduce potential reactions
3. Corrective : putting into place devices and installations

Reporting to decision making body

The project authorities have to furnish the following documents for environment appraisal of
development project.
1. Detailed project report (DPR)
2. Filled in questionnaire
3. Environment impact statement (EIS): should provide possible impact (positive and
negative of the project.
4. Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
5. Human Exposure Assessment Location (HEAL)
 EIS Impact on: EMP Aspects: HEAL components:

Soil, water (hydrologic regime,

ground water and surface water)
and air quality. Safe guards and control measures

Air quality monitoring

land use, forects, agriculture,
fisheries, tourism, recreation etc.

Plans for habitation of project

Socio-economy including short and outers
long-term impact on population.
Water quality monitoring

Health.
Contingency plans

Flora, fauna and wildlife,

particularly endemic and Food quality monitoring
endangered species, and

Cost benefits analysis including the Monitoring

measures for environmental
protection.
.
Bandra Worli Sea link Project
Mitigation
 Reducing the Impact on Mangroves
 More trees could be planted in the nearby region to negate the effects of traffic pollution and
to reduce the impact of cutting of mangroves due to land reclamation.
 Loss of Livelihood
 Adequate rehabilitation has to be provided for the fishermen affected by the project.

Hence
 An EIA report should provide clear information to the decision makers on the different
environmental scenarios without the project, with the project and with project alternatives
 Uncertainties should be clearly reflected in EIA report
 Once alternatives have been reviewed a mitigation plan should be drawn up for the selected
option and be supplemented with an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to guide the
proponent towards environmental improvements. The EMP is crucial input to monitoring the
clearance conditions and therefore details of monitoring should be included in the EMP
PUBLIC HEARING

 The law requires that the public must be informed and consulted
on a proposed developed after the completion of EIA report, via a
media of a public hearing of the same
 The Maharashtra Pollution Control Board has been made
responsible for holding such public hearings.
 The local population often want to know about the implications of
government projects. Hence public hearings are very necessary.
REVIEW

 Impacts of the project on environment both during construction

phase and operational phase were assessed against the baseline
Bio-physical information and traffic data.
 Qualitative assessment of the impacts has also been done.
 Recommendations –
1. BWSL Project should be reviewed by an independent body of
experts , including within it besides other traffic consultants,
town planners, environment specialists, oceanographers, NGO
representatives, etc. pending the results of the report all work on
the Bandra- Worli sea link should be suspended.
 MONITORING
Monitoring is done through 2 purposes:
• validating the accuracy of models or
projections that were used during the impact
assessment process
• ensuring that required mitigation measures are
being implemented and evaluating whether
mitigation measures are working effectively
IMPACT ASSESSMENT
• One of the ways of determining the impact assessment is to use the Leopold’s Matrix.
The Leopold matrix is a qualitative environmental impact assessment method
pioneered in 1971.
• The system consists of a matrix with columns representing the various activities of the
project, and rows representing the various environmental factors to be considered.
• The intersections are filled in to indicate the magnitude (from -10 to +10) and the
importance (from 1 to 10) of the impact of each activity on each environmental
factor.
 IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF BANDRA WORLI SEA LINK

RESULT: The Overall analysis of the Leopold Matrix concludes that the net
magnitude of impact is coming positive. So there is more negative impact due to
 CONCLUSION
• A point that needs to be questioned is how both the
planning and execution of the road projects have
been entrusted to the Maharashtra State Road
Development Corporation (MSRDCD), which is an
engineering agency and has no expertise to take an
overall view of the merits of such schemes.

• According to some environmentalists, the project should not have been carried
out.
• However, mechanically the project has turned out precisely as planned with high
quality standards and is regarded as one of the monuments of the city. The
Bandra-Worli Sea Link (BWSL) has come a long way to become an outstanding
example of precision engineering.