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    DDS Paracetamol Elixir (Post-Lab)

    Uploaded by

    Christine Ranoa
    The document provides instructions for producing an acetaminophen elixir, including a list of required ingredients such as paracetamol, glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol solution, and ethanol. It describes the procedure which involves sieving the paracetamol, dissolving it in ethanol, and adding the other ingredients along with flavoring and coloring agents before storing in an amber bottle. The final elixir is intended to be an anti-pyretic and analgesic medication delivered in liquid form for oral administration.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    DDS Paracetamol Elixir (Post-Lab)

    Uploaded by

    Christine Ranoa
    583 views33 pages
    The document provides instructions for producing an acetaminophen elixir, including a list of required ingredients such as paracetamol, glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol solution, and ethanol. It describes the procedure which involves sieving the paracetamol, dissolving it in ethanol, and adding the other ingredients along with flavoring and coloring agents before storing in an amber bottle. The final elixir is intended to be an anti-pyretic and analgesic medication delivered in liquid form for oral administration.

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    Laboratory

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    The document provides instructions for producing an acetaminophen elixir, including a list of required ingredients such as paracetamol, glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol solution, and ethanol. It describes the procedure which involves sieving the paracetamol, dissolving it in ethanol, and adding the other ingredients along with flavoring and coloring agents before storing in an amber bottle. The final elixir is intended to be an anti-pyretic and analgesic medication delivered in liquid form for oral administration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    583 views33 pages

    DDS Paracetamol Elixir (Post-Lab)

    Uploaded by

    Christine Ranoa
    The document provides instructions for producing an acetaminophen elixir, including a list of required ingredients such as paracetamol, glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol solution, and ethanol. It describes the procedure which involves sieving the paracetamol, dissolving it in ethanol, and adding the other ingredients along with flavoring and coloring agents before storing in an amber bottle. The final elixir is intended to be an anti-pyretic and analgesic medication delivered in liquid form for oral administration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 33

    Paracetamol

    Elixir
    GROUP 1
    Specific Learning
    Objectives
    At the end of the activity, the students can:

    Produce clear,
    1.) flavored, liquid
    preparations
    known as elixirs,
    compatible to
    Confidently
    procedures
    2.) recommend the
    learned .
    use of the product
    they make.
    Introduction
    Elixirs
    • Are clear, sweetened
    hydroalcoholic solutions
    intended for oral use and
    are usually flavored to
    enhance their palatability.

    • Each elixir requires a


    specific blend of alcohol and
    water to maintain all of the
    components in solution.
    Elixirs • Compared with syrups, elixirs
    are usually less sweet and less
    viscous because they contain a
    lower proportion of sugar and
    consequently are less effective
    than syrups in masking the taste
    of medicinal substances.

    • All elixirs contain flavorings to


    increase their palatability, and
    most elixirs have coloring
    agents to enhance their
    appearance.
    Elixirs
    • In addition to alcohol and
    water, other solvents, such as
    glycerin and propylene glycol,
    are frequently employed in
    elixirs as adjunctive solvents.

    • Elixirs containing more than


    10% to 12% of alcohol are
    usually self-preserving and do
    not require the addition of
    antimicrobial agent.
    Non Medicated Medicated
    • ARE EMPLOYED AS VEHICLES
    • A.) THE ADDITION OF A
    THERAPEUTIC AGENT TO A • USED FOR THE
    PLEASANT-TASTING VEHICLE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF
    AND THE MEDICINAL
    B.) DILUTION OF AN EXISTING SUBSTANCE THEY
    MEDICATED ELIXIR CONTAIN
    • ALL COMPONENTS SHOULD BE • MOST OFFICIAL AND
    CHEMICALLY AND PHYSICALLY COMMERCIAL ELIXIRS
    compatible CONTAIN A SINGLE
    • Three most commonly used: THERAPEUTIC AGENT.
    aromatic elixir, compound
    benzaldehyde elixir, &
    isoalcoholic elixir.
    Preparation of Elixirs
    • Usually prepared by simple solution with
    agitation and/or admixture of two or more
    liquid ingredients.

    • Alcohol-soluble and water-soluble


    components.

    • Aqueous solution is added to the alcoholic


    solution, rather than reverse, to maintain
    Example
    formulations for
    some medicated
    elixirs:
    Types of medicated elixirs

    Antihistam Barbiturate
    ine Elixirs Sedative and
    Hypnotic
    Elixirs
    Phenobar Digoxin
    bital Elixir
    Elixir
    Antihi
    • Used primarily in the
    symptomatic relief of certain
    allergic disorders.

    • They suppress symptoms

    stamin
    caused by histamine, one of the
    chemical agents released
    during the antigen-antibody
    reaction of the allergic
    response.

    e
    • The most common

    Antihis
    untoward effect is
    sedation

    • Others include: dryness


    of the nose, throat and

    tamine
    mouth, dizziness,
    disturbed
    concentrations
    • Most antihistaminic agents
    are basic amines.

    Antihis
    acid + amine = salt

    salts= water soluble

    acid salts are used to

    tamine
    maintain free solubility of drug
    to water

    THEY ARE ACIDIC!!!


    Barbitu • Are used to produce various degree of
    central nervous system depression.

    rate • Barbiturates are administered in small


    doses in the daytime as sedatives to
    reduce restlessness and emotional

    Sedativ
    tension.

    • The long-lasting , including


    phenobarbital, are considered most

    e and
    useful in maintaining daytime sedation
    and in treating some convulsive states
    and least useful as hypnotics.
    Barbitu
    • The intermediate-acting barbiturates
    include amobarbital; they are used
    primarily for short-term daytime sedation
    and are effective in treating insomnia.

    rate • The barbiturates classified as short


    acting include secobarbital; they are
    used to similarly to the intermediate-

    Sedativ
    acting barbiturates.

    • The ultra-short acting barbiturates,


    including thiopental, are given

    e and
    intravenously to induce anesthesia.

    • The most common untoward effects are


    drowsiness and lethargy.
    • Is formulated to contain
    phenobarbital 0.4% which provides
    about 20mg of drug per teaspoon (5
    mL) of elixir.

    Pheno • The official elixir contains about 14%


    alcohol, which is used to dissolve the
    phenobarbital.

    barbit • Phenobarbital is a long-acting


    barbiturate with a duration of action

    al
    of about 4-6hrs, a usual adult dose
    as a sedative of about 30mg and a
    hypnotic dose of about 100mg.
    • The elixir is commonly

    Pheno
    flavored with orange oil,
    colored red with an FDA-
    approved colorant, and
    sweetened with syrup.

    barbit • Glycerin is often added to


    enhance the solubility of

    al
    phenobarbital.
    • It is required to contain 4.5 to 5.25
    mg of digoxin per 100ml of elixir,

    Digoxi
    or about 0.25 mf/5ml teaspoonful.

    • The usual oral adult dose of


    digoxin as a cardiotonic agent is
    about 1.5mg on initial therapy and

    n
    about 0.5mg for maintenance
    therapy.

    • Digoxin is a cardiotonic glycoside


    obtained from the leaves of

    Elixirs digitalis lanata.


    • A white crystalline powder that

    Digoxi
    is insoluble in water but soluble
    in dilute alcohol solutions.

    • Digoxin is poisonous, and its


    dose must be carefully

    n
    determined and administered to
    each individual patient.

    • Digoxin is one of many drugs


    available in more than a single

    Elixirs
    dosage form.
    Paracetamo
    l Elixir
    Acetaminophen Elixir
    •Anti pyretic
    •analgesic
    Table of
    Characteristic
    s
    Ingredie Characteris Functional MethodContainer
    nts Category
    40 parts tics
    Solubility:
    of glycerol
    Paracetamol 70 parts of water Api
    7 parts of ethanol
    Flavoring agent 13 parts of acetone
    19 parts of propylene
    Banana essence
    glycol
    Coloring agent Simple Amber
    Solubilizer solution bottle
    Glycerolum Can be mixed with
    yellow coloring water and ethanol with
    agent agitation
    Can be mixed with Diluent
    Preservative Propylene water and ethanol
    Benzoic acid Glycol 95%

    Purified water Hygroscopic, easily


    Sorbitol Sweetening
    soluble in water,
    Solution sparingly soluble in agent
    ethanol

    Ethanol flammable, colorless


    liquid
    diluent

    Solubility data is very useful in preparations, which include sequences or a


    mix of each ingredient must be strictly in accordance with the nature and
    solubility.
    Procedure
    Paracetamol 1.44

    Glycerolum 30mL

    Propylene Glycol 6ml

    Sorbitol Solution 15ml

    Ethanol 6ml Adjusted


    Apple Essence q.S

    Green Coloring Agent q.S

    Benzoic Acid 2ml

    Purified Water Ad 60ml


    PROCEDURE

    IN A BEAKER ADD THE


    WEIGHT
    FF:
    COMPONENTS
    COLORING AGENT
    FLAVORING AGENT
    REDUCE THE PARACETAMOL PRESERVATIVE
    AND SIEVE WITH MESH #20 PURIFIED WATER

    PLACE IN ERLENMEYER FLASK


    AND DISSOLVE WITH ETHANOL STORE: TIGHTLY CLOSED
    CONTAINER

    ADD:
    PROPYLENE
    POUR INTO CALIBRATION
    GLYCEROL
    BOTTLE
    SOLUTION SORBITOL (70%)
    AND STIR UNTIL HOMOGENOUS
    Reduce the
    Paracetamol with
    sieve no.20
    me sh
    Place in Erlenmeyer
    flask and DISSOLVE
    w/ ethanol
    Add the following:
    Propylene
    Glycerolum
    Sorbiitol sol'n
    70%
    STIR UNTIL
    HOMOGENOUS
    Add the following:
    Banana Essence
    Yellow Coloring
    agent
    Benzoic acid
    Purified water
    STORE IN TIGHTLY
    CLOSED CONTAINER
    DOCUMENTATION
    S
    Conclusi
    on
    Elixirs, having a hydrous and alcoholic content requires
    special attention in its process of mixing since, when done
    wrong, would not promote homogeneity of the produced elixir. It
    is important to know the water soluble components to add to
    the aqueous mixture and the alcohol soluble components to be
    added to the alcoholic mixture in order to promote convenience
    in mixing the solution.
    It is also important to note the physicochemical property of
    the components in order to know the proper procedure of
    incorporating it to the elixir.
    Learning Evaluation
    What are the primary solvents of elixirs?
    Alcohol and water, with glycerin, sorbitol and syrup sometimes
    as an additional solvent and/or sweetening agents.

    What role do glycerin and propylene glycol


    play in elixirs?
    Presence of glycerin and propylene glycol in elixirs can
    assist with dissolution of the solute and enhance
    stability of the drug

    What are the types of elixirs, and how


    are they prepared?
    Medicated & Non-medicated, Usually prepared by
    simple solution with agitation and/or admixture of
    two or more liquid ingredients.
    Thank You!!!

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