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    Hodgkin-Huxley Model and Fitzhugh-Nagumo Model

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    Gobi
    The Hodgkin-Huxley model and FitzHugh-Nagumo model describe how nerve cells generate and propagate electrical signals. Hodgkin and Huxley experimentally observed that ion channels in axon membranes are regulated by voltage and time. Their model uses differential equations to describe how membrane voltage changes over time due to sodium and potassium ion flow. The FitzHugh-Nagumo model simplifies Hodgkin-Huxley using two variables instead of four to produce the same general behavior. Both models helped explain nerve signal generation and transmission at the cellular level.

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    Hodgkin-Huxley Model and Fitzhugh-Nagumo Model

    Uploaded by

    Gobi
    57 views15 pages
    The Hodgkin-Huxley model and FitzHugh-Nagumo model describe how nerve cells generate and propagate electrical signals. Hodgkin and Huxley experimentally observed that ion channels in axon membranes are regulated by voltage and time. Their model uses differential equations to describe how membrane voltage changes over time due to sodium and potassium ion flow. The FitzHugh-Nagumo model simplifies Hodgkin-Huxley using two variables instead of four to produce the same general behavior. Both models helped explain nerve signal generation and transmission at the cellular level.

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    Nervous system

    Original Title

    Fithugh nagumo model

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    The Hodgkin-Huxley model and FitzHugh-Nagumo model describe how nerve cells generate and propagate electrical signals. Hodgkin and Huxley experimentally observed that ion channels in axon membranes are regulated by voltage and time. Their model uses differential equations to describe how membrane voltage changes over time due to sodium and potassium ion flow. The FitzHugh-Nagumo model simplifies Hodgkin-Huxley using two variables instead of four to produce the same general behavior. Both models helped explain nerve signal generation and transmission at the cellular level.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    57 views15 pages

    Hodgkin-Huxley Model and Fitzhugh-Nagumo Model

    Uploaded by

    Gobi
    The Hodgkin-Huxley model and FitzHugh-Nagumo model describe how nerve cells generate and propagate electrical signals. Hodgkin and Huxley experimentally observed that ion channels in axon membranes are regulated by voltage and time. Their model uses differential equations to describe how membrane voltage changes over time due to sodium and potassium ion flow. The FitzHugh-Nagumo model simplifies Hodgkin-Huxley using two variables instead of four to produce the same general behavior. Both models helped explain nerve signal generation and transmission at the cellular level.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Hodgkin-Huxley Model

    and
    FitzHugh-Nagumo Model
    Nervous System
     Signals are propagated from nerve cell to nerve
    cell (neuron) via electro-chemical mechanisms
     ~100 billion neurons in a person
     Hodgkin and Huxley experimented on squids and
    discovered how the signal is produced within the
    neuron
     H.-H. model was published in Jour. of Physiology
    (1952)
     H.-H. were awarded 1963 Nobel Prize
     FitzHugh-Nagumo model is a simplification
    Neuron

    C. George Boeree: www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/


    Action Potential
    mV
    Axon membrane
    _ 30 potential
    difference
    V = Vi – Ve
    _0
    When the axon is
    V excited, V spikes
    because sodium
    Na+ and
    potassium K+
    ions flow through
    10 msec the membrane.
    -70
    Nernst Potential
    VNa , VK and Vr

    Ion flow due to


    electrical signal

    Traveling wave

    C. George Boeree: www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/


    Circuit Model for Axon Membrane
    Since the membrane separates charge, it is modeled as
    a capacitor with capacitance C. Ion channels are
    resistors.
    1/R = g = conductance

    iC = C dV/dt

    iNa = gNa (V – VNa)

    iK= gK (V – VK)

    ir = gr (V – Vr)
    Circuit Equations
    Since the sum of the currents is 0, it follows that

    dV
    C   g Na (V  V Na)  g K (V  V K )  gr(V  Vr )  Iap
    dt
    where Iap is applied current. If ion conductances are
    constants then group constants to obtain 1st order, linear eq

    dV
    C   g (V  V *)  Iap
    dt
    Solving gives
    V (t )  V *  Iap / g
    Variable Conductance
    g

    Experiments showed that gNa and gK varied with time and V.


    After stimulus, Na responds much more rapidly than K .
    Hodgkin-Huxley System
    Four state variables are used:
    v(t)=V(t)-Veq is membrane potential,
    m(t) is Na activation,
    n(t) is K activation and
    h(t) is Na inactivation.

    In terms of these variables gK=gKn4 and gNa=gNam3h.


    The resting potential Veq≈-70mV. Voltage clamp
    experiments determined gK and n as functions of t and
    hence the parameter dependences on v in the
    differential eq. for n(t). Likewise for m(t) and h(t).
    Hodgkin-Huxley System
    dv
    C   g Nam h(v  VNa )  g K n (v  VK )  gr (v  Vr )  I ap
    3 4

    dt

    dm
     m( v )(1  m)  m( v )m
    dt
    dn
     n ( v )(1  n )  n ( v )n
    dt
    dh
     h ( v )(1  h )  h ( v )h
    dt
    110 mV
    Iap =8, v(t)

    1.2
    m(t)

    n(t)

    40msec
    h(t)

    10msec

    Iap=7, v(t)
    Fast-Slow Dynamics
    m(t)
    ρm(v) dm/dt = m∞(v) – m.
    ρm(v) is much smaller than
    n(t) ρn(v) and ρh(v). An increase
    in v results in an increase in
    m∞(v) and a large dm/dt.
    Hence Na activates more
    h(t) rapidly than K in response
    to a change in v.
    10msec

    v, m are on a fast time scale and n, h are slow.


    FitzHugh-Nagumo System

    dv dw
      f (v )  w  I and  v  0.5w
    dt dt
    I represents applied current, ε is small and f(v) is a cubic nonlinearity.
    Observe that in the (v,w) phase plane
    dw  (v  0.5w)

    dv f (v )  w  I
    which is small unless the solution is near f(v)-w+I=0. Thus the slow
    manifold is the cubic w=f(v)+I which is the nullcline of the fast variable
    v. And w is the slow variable with nullcline w=2v.
    Take f(v)=v(1-v)(v-a) .

    Stable rest state I=0 Stable oscillation I=0.2

    w w

    v v
    References
    1. C.G. Boeree, The Neuron, www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/.
    2. R. FitzHugh, Mathematical models of excitation and propagation
    in nerve, In: Biological Engineering, Ed: H.P. Schwan, McGraw-
    Hill, New York, 1969.
    3. L. Edelstein-Kesket, Mathematical Models in Biology, Random
    House, New York, 1988.
    4. A.L. Hodgkin, A.F. Huxley and B. Katz, J. Physiology 116, 424-
    448,1952.
    5. A.L. Hodgkin and A.F. Huxley, J. Physiol. 116, 449-566, 1952.
    6. F.C. Hoppensteadt and C.S. Peskin, Modeling and Simulation in
    Medicine and the Life Sciences, 2nd ed, Springer-Verlag, New
    York, 2002.
    7. J. Keener and J. Sneyd, Mathematical Physiology, Springer-
    Verlag, New York, 1998.
    8. J. Rinzel, Bull. Math. Biology 52, 5-23, 1990.
    9. E.K. Yeargers, R.W. Shonkwiler and J.V. Herod, An Introduction
    to the Mathematics of Biology: with Computer Algebra Models,
    Birkhauser, Boston, 1996.

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