Lathe Machine: Its Principle, Parts, Operations
Lathe Machine: Its Principle, Parts, Operations
Lathe Machine: Its Principle, Parts, Operations
Lathe Machine
ITS PRINCIPLE, PARTS, OPERATIONS
2
PRINCIPLE OF LATHE MACHINE
The lathe is a machine tool which holds the
work piece between two rigid & strong
supports called centres or in a chuck or in
face plate which revolves. The cutting tool is
held and fed against the revolving work
piece. Cutting tool fed either parallel or at
right angles to the axis of work piece. or may
also at an angle.
LATHE SIZE 3
Tail Stock
The tailstock is a movable fixture that mounts on the
ways to support work between centers.
It mounts the dead center (non-revolving) that supports
the outer end of the work.
It can also be fitted with cutting tools for drilling,
reaming, and threading.
TYPES OF LATHE 10
Engine lathe
Not production lathe, found in school shops, tool-
rooms, and job shops
Primarily for single piece or short runs
Manually operated
Special Types of Lathes 11
Turret lathe
Used when many duplicate parts required
Equipped with multisided toolpost (turret) to which
several different cutting tools mounted
Special Types of Lathes 12
Conventional/programmable lathe
Operated as standard lathe or programmable lathe
to automatically repeat machining operations
2-axis (DRO) so can see exact location of cutting
tool and workpiece in X and Z axes
Computerized Numerically Controlled (CNC) lathes
Cutting-tool movements controlled by computer-
controlled program to perform sequence of
operations automatically
Lathe Operations 14
Feed Mechanism 15
Roughing Tools
These tools are used to make deep cuts to remove
considerable metal from a work-piece.
Lathe Cutting Tools 23
Finishing Tools
Tool which is used to produce finishing cut/surface.
Nose of the finishing tool is rounded than the nose
of the roughing tool.
Lathe Cutting Tools 24
Facing Tool
Used for facing the work piece
It is ground to prevent interference with the tailstock
center
Round nose tool is designed for lighter turning.
Cutting Speeds and Feeds 25
Roughing Cut:
Roughing cut is done to reduce the work to its
approximate required size.
The work is left 1/32” or 0.08 mm oversize for the
finishing operation.
Since the finishing of the roughing cut is not
important, highest speed and coarsest feed,
consistent with safety and accuracy, is used.
Cutting Speeds and Feeds 29
Finishing Cut:
Finishing cut brings the work to the required
diameter/size and surface finish.
Combination of high spindle speed, sharp cutting
tool, and fine feed is used.
Depth of Cut:
The distance the cutter is fed into the work (across
the longitudinal direction)
The material is removed from the work at two times
the infeed distance
Cutting Speeds and Feeds 30
Attachments
There are variety of ways in which the work can
be mounted on the lathe machine.
Reading Assignment 35
Thank you
QUESTIONS?