Pres1 Intro To Kinesiology

Introduction to Kinesiology
Applied Kinesiology
420:151
Agenda
 What is kinesiology?
 Why study kinesiology?
 How do we study kinesiology?
 Review Topics
What is Kinesiology?
 Definition: The study of human
movement via the physical sciences.
 Physics  Biomechanics
 Anatomy  Musculoskeletal anatomy
 Structure
 Physiology  Neuromuscular
physiology
 Function
KINESIOLOGY BIOMECHANICS
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY KINEMATICS KINETICS
Spine Linear Angular Linear Angular

Pelvic Girdle
Vectors Vectors GR Forces Torque
Shoulder Girdle Scalars Angles Friction C of G
Position Position Fluid Levers
Displacement Displacement Elasticity Acceleration
Velocity Velocity Newton’s Newton’s
Laws Laws
Acceleration Acceleration
Work Work
Projectiles
Power Power
Centripedal F Stability
Muscular System Impulse Impulse
Nervous System Momentum Momentum
Agenda
 Review Topics
Why Study Kinesiology?
 To improve performance.
 There are many applications of
“improving performance.” Examples?
 Athletic performance, dance/pedagogy,
physical therapy, occupational therapy,
gait analysis, human factors,
ergonomics. . .
Why Study Kinesiology?
 What does an improvement in
performance mean? An optimization of:
 Safety
 Effectiveness
 Efficiency
 These are the BIG 3 underlying
objectives!
Agenda
 Review topics
How Do We Study Kinesiology?
 What tools are used to study movement?
 Video
 Kinematics: Study of motion in respect to time
 Force transducers
 Kinetics: Study of forces that act to cause motion
 EMG
 Computer modeling
How Do We Study Kinesiology?
 Quantitative Methods
 Uses numbers to describe movement
 Qualitative Methods
 Describes the quality of movement without
numbers
 General or specific
 Either are appropriate when performing
a KINESIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Kinesiological Analysis
 Purpose: To describe, evaluate
(anatomical and mechanical) and
prescribe corrections
Step 1: Describe
 Identify the purpose of the movement
 Identify the phases of the movement
 Identify the simultaneous-sequential
nature of the movement
Others?
Identify the Purpose Force and distance?
Speed? Form?
Combination? Accuracy?
Speed and
accuracy?
Prep phase
Identify the Phases
Wind-up phase
Force phase
Discrete vs. Continuous Follow through

phase
Identification of start and end points is critical

Schaffer, Jobe, Pink & Perry, 1993
Identify the Simultaneous-
Sequential Nature
 The interaction of the segments
involved in any movement can be
placed on a continuum
Segments move together Segments move in an orderly sequence
Direction: Straight line (linear) Direction: Along a curved path (angular)
Purpose: Force, accuracy Purpose: Velocity
Anywhere in between (push press)

Step 2: Analyze/Evaluate
 Anatomical analysis
 Mechanical analysis
Anatomical Analysis
 Paradigm
 Process vs. Product
 Performance vs. Outcome
 The anatomical analysis should answer
several questions about the involved
joints, muscles and reflexes
 Each phase must be considered
Anatomical Analysis: Joints
 What joints are involved?
 What segments are being moved?
 What are the beginning positions of the
segments being moved?
 What are the actions of each joint?
Anatomical Analysis: Muscles
 What muscles are responsible for each
of the identified joint actions?
 Are the muscles activated
concentrically, eccentrically or
isometrically?
 What type of force is responsible for the
movement (external/internal)?
Anatomical Analysis: Reflexes
 What neuromuscular reflexes are
present in the movement?
Mechanical Analysis:
 Paradigm
 Movement of the human body is governed
by mechanical laws and principles
 Before identifying the mechanical
factors that affect the movement, the
underlying objectives of the movement
should be defined
Mechanical Analysis:
Objectives of Movement
 Balance
 Regain stability or attain mobility
 Locomotion
 Prescribed distance, pattern
 Projection
 For maximum height, distance, accuracy
 Manipulation
 Objects, reproduced pattern, resistance
 Maximum Effort
 Force, velocity, power
Step 3: Prescription
 Identify portions of the movement that
do not meet the anatomical/mechanical
ideal
 Decide upon an appropriate strategy
Agenda
 Review topics
Review Topics
 Articulations (pp. 25-30)
 Orientation Planes and Axes of Motion
(pp. 36-38)
 Fundamental Movements (pp.38-41)
 Location and action of major muscle
groups

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Introduction to Kinesiology

FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY KINEMATICS KINETICS

Spine Linear Angular Linear Angular

Identify the Purpose Force and distance?

Identify the Phases

Discrete vs. Continuous Follow through

Identification of start and end points is critical

Direction: Straight line (linear) Direction: Along a curved path (angular)

Purpose: Force, accuracy Purpose: Velocity

Anywhere in between (push press)

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