SALVATION OF THE CHILD STUCK INTO

THE BOREHOLE
PAPER ID: 19011
Abstract:

• Implementing robotic system for lifesaving measures is one of the important

applications, one such implementation needs to be applied for the recovery of
child from a constrained Environment more specifically bore well. Accidents
associated with bore well is incredibly abundant on the rise, removal of casing
pipes once a bore well changing into defunct and abandoning the borehole
structure while not filling which is one in all the most reasons for children
slithering into them.
• Possibilities of convalescent the child once fell into the bore well are terribly slim.
The rescue process to recover a child involves digging a hole parallel to that of the
bore well where the child fell, this usually fails because rescuers takes several
hours to reach the child for providing first-aid which results in complication of life.
• To assist in such rescue operations we tend to propose a robotic
system capable of moving underneath the bore well supported with
user commands equipped with a robotic arm, high power LED, high-
resolution camera, and sensors like ultrasonic and gas sensor. The
device system is interfaced with the PIC controller. Single cameras
were placed at different angles so that the entire bore well was
captured which are controlled.
• Robotic arm is designed uniquely where it operates with 4-point
gripping system in which each pair is controlled separately in order to
increase the precision of the grip. Robotic arm is operated by the
rescue team through a specially designed control system software
 Literature review:
S.no Title Author Content
1 Design of Bore Well S. Madhankumar In past few years, children get trapped into the bore well hole which is left
Rescue System using Dr. K. Manonmani uncovered. The rescue process to save the child from bore well is long and
Morphological Chart complicated. To avoid this, there have been several rescue robot designs available
currently. Even now the existing robots are not satisfactorily used to rescue the
child from bore hole. For this reason, a morphological chart is designed from
existing and new robot designs. From the morphological chart, various
combinations of rescue robot design are formulated.

2 DESIGN AND SIMULATION G. Nithin, In the past few years, there have been several accidents of children falling into
OF BORE WELL RESCUE G. Gowtham, abandoned bore wells in India. Abandoned bore wells that have turned into
ROBOT - ADVANCED G. Venkatachalam and S. death pits for children. The problem is all over India. Rescue teams spend hours
Narayanan and sometimes days in futile attempts to save these little kids. A lot of money is
also spent in these missions. In most cases they are unable to save the kids. Such
events have happened umpteen times in the past, and every time either the
government or the bureaucracy is blamed. The rescue process to save the child
from bore well is a long and complicated process now. The rescue team tries to
approach the victim from a parallel well that take about 20-60 hours to dig. This
complicated process makes 70% of the rescue operations fail. Very few of the
victims have been saved in such accidents.
S. No Title Author Content
3. Smart Bore Ms. P. Suji1 , Ms. B. Shahina Normally we have gone through many incidents of children falling into
well Rescuing Farhin , Ms. N. Sheikh Chandini abandoned borewells. Usually the rescue team dugs a big hole parallel to the
Robot Ramijha and Mr.G. Jayaraman borewell which takes almost 20-60 hrs. Then trained army persons will move
inside the borewell and rescue the victim. In such cases, a very small delay may
also reduce the chances of saving the victim alive. To overcome this issues we
proposed a system, in which the Robot can move inside the bore well and rescue
the child safely. In our project we use Arduino Uno microcontroller which is used
to control the Ultrasonic sensor.
4. Design and B. Bharathi , Now a days child often fall down in the borehole which is left uncovered and get
Construction of B. Suchitha samuel trapped. It is very difficult and also risky to rescue the trapped children. A small
Rescue Robot delay in the rescue can cost the child his or her life. The objective of the project
and Pipeline is to construct and design a bore well rescue robot (i.e to rescue a trapped baby
Inspection Using from bore well). This project is a human controlled robot that gives an insight
ZigBee view of rescuing the baby safely and steps taken to achieve this. The project aims
in designing “Robot to rescue of a child in a borehole” which is capable of
moving inside the pipe according to the user commands given from PC
5. Design and An innovative method is proposed for rescuing a child from a borehole and to
implementation keep the child in conscious state. Children accidentally fall into the borehole
of lab view based which yielded water and subsequently left uncovered. A suitably strong cap of
bore well child bright color to cover the mouth of the borehole will avoid such accidents. It is
rescue robot difficult and also risky process to rescue the trapped child after fallen into the
borehole. In this paper, a robot is designed in such a way that it handles the
trapped child carefully and monitors the child continuously.
Existing system:
Dollar implemented a robotic hand that has the ability to identify object based on
tactile sensor and can extract features from single grasp, the pressure sensors are
also equipped with the robotic hand. This technique can be applied to the robotic
arms involved in the rescue operation of children from bore well. This method is
mainly focused on android based wireless technology it covers the shortest
distance and there is no real-time video

DISADVANTAGES:
• Short distance communication
Proposed system:

• The robotic arm controlled through Bluetooth In our project a proposed system
would be a very dependable solution for such accidents.
• A robotic system can be used to locate the victim and also help to establish
communication with the victim.
• In this paper, we would like to discuss the development of a robotic system. This
system requires Ultrasonic sensor is used to get data of the distance between the
robot wheel and the wall of the bore well.
• Camera module: The main function of camera module is to provide visual
information to the operator.
• DC motors are used to actuate the wheels of the robot. The whole robotic
mechanism must control by user through wired communication. Once the
Microcontroller receives the command form the user it starts controlling the
actuators automatically. The details are displayed on LCD.
Advantages:

• Internet control covers over long distance

• External feature of Image processing techniques
Block diagram:
REQUIRED COMPONENTS:

Hardware used:
• PIC
• Gas sensor
• Motor driver
• Robotic arm
• Bluetooth
• DC motor
• Camera module
Software used:
• Embedded c
• MP lab
BLUETOOTH
• Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over
short distances (using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the ISM
band from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz from fixed and mobile devices, and
building personal area networks (PANs).
• Invented by telecom vendor Ericsson in 1994, it was originally
conceived as a wireless alternative to RS-232 data cables. Bluetooth is
managed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), which has
more than 25,000 member companies in the areas of
telecommunication, computing, networking, and consumer
electronics.
• The IEEE standardized Bluetooth as IEEE 802.15.1, but no longer
maintains the standard. The Bluetooth SIG oversees development of
the specification, manages the qualification program, and protects
the trademarks.
BLUETOOTH
DC MOTOR
• A DC motor is designed to run on DC electric power. Two examples of
pure DC designs are Michael Faraday's homopolar motor (which is
uncommon), and the ball bearing motor, which is (so far) a novelty.
• By far the most common DC motor types are the brushed and
brushless types, which use internal and external commutation
respectively to create an oscillating AC current from the DC source—
so they are not purely DC machines in a strict sense.
• We in our project are using brushed DC Motor, which will operate in
the ratings of 12v DC 0.6A which will drive the flywheels in order to
make the robot move.
DC MOTOR
Gas sensor
•Basically, traditional detection methods which produce systems that sounds
an audio alarm to notify people when there is a gas leakage that is harmful
or poisonous is not very reliable because it is required to obtain accurate
real-time measurements of the concentration of a target gas.
• However, for many centuries, different gas sensor technologies have been
used for different gases detection including semiconductor gas sensors,
catalytic gas sensors, electrochemical gas sensors, optical gas sensors and
acoustic gas sensors.
•The performance characteristic of every sensor is based on some properties
including sensitivity, selectivity, detection limit, response time and recovery
time
Gas sensor:
Ultrasonic sensor
• Ultrasonic sensors generate high-frequency sound waves and
evaluate the echo which is received back by the sensor.
• Measuring the time interval between transmission of signal and
reception of echo to determine the distance of an object.
Web Camera
• Active Web Cam captures images up to 30 frames per second from
any video device including USB cameras, Analog cameras connected
to capture card, TV boards, camcorders with FireWire (IEEE 1394)
interface and from Network cameras.
• When the program detects motion in the monitored area, it can
sound an alarm, e-mail you the captured images, and start
broadcasting or record a video. The program has features to add text
captions and image logos to the images, to place a date/time stamp
on each video frame, and to adjust the frame rate, picture size, and
quality.
 Motor driver:

• L293D is a typical Motor driver which allows DC

motor to drive on both directions. Two DC motors can
be simultaneously controlled in both directions using
the L293D which is a 16-pin IC.
• Its working concept is based on H-bridge. H-bridge is
a circuit that allows the voltage to be flown in both
the direction.
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