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    Importance of Geometric Design

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    NiteshKrJha
    The geometric design of highways considers dimensions and layout such as alignment, sight distance, and intersections. Design aims for optimum efficiency, maximum safety, and reasonable cost. A designer must consider both new highways and improving existing routes to meet traffic needs. Elements like width, sight distance, curves, and intersections depend on design speed and other factors like topography, traffic characteristics, and environmental conditions. Design hourly volume is used instead of peak hour traffic for more practical design.

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    Importance of Geometric Design

    Uploaded by

    NiteshKrJha
    234 views13 pages
    The geometric design of highways considers dimensions and layout such as alignment, sight distance, and intersections. Design aims for optimum efficiency, maximum safety, and reasonable cost. A designer must consider both new highways and improving existing routes to meet traffic needs. Elements like width, sight distance, curves, and intersections depend on design speed and other factors like topography, traffic characteristics, and environmental conditions. Design hourly volume is used instead of peak hour traffic for more practical design.

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    The geometric design of highways considers dimensions and layout such as alignment, sight distance, and intersections. Design aims for optimum efficiency, maximum safety, and reasonable cost. A designer must consider both new highways and improving existing routes to meet traffic needs. Elements like width, sight distance, curves, and intersections depend on design speed and other factors like topography, traffic characteristics, and environmental conditions. Design hourly volume is used instead of peak hour traffic for more practical design.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    234 views13 pages

    Importance of Geometric Design

    Uploaded by

    NiteshKrJha
    The geometric design of highways considers dimensions and layout such as alignment, sight distance, and intersections. Design aims for optimum efficiency, maximum safety, and reasonable cost. A designer must consider both new highways and improving existing routes to meet traffic needs. Elements like width, sight distance, curves, and intersections depend on design speed and other factors like topography, traffic characteristics, and environmental conditions. Design hourly volume is used instead of peak hour traffic for more practical design.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Importance of Geometric Design

    Importance of Geometric Design


     The geometric design of a highway deals with the dimensions and
    layout of visible features of the highway such as alignment, sight
    distance and intersection.
    Optimum efficiency- Maximum safety- Reasonable cost
     The geometrics of highway should be designed to provide
    optimum efficiency in traffic operations with maximum safety at
    reasonable cost.

     The designer may be exposed to either planning of new highway


    network or improvement of existing highways to meet the
    requirements of the existing and anticipated traffic.
    12500

    PCU/
    day

    2500
    2015 Year 2035
    Improving Geometric Elements in Stages

     Improving in stages is very difficult and more expensive

     Design geometric features at the initial stage itself considering


    future traffic scenario

    For example, in 2015 the road may be designed for 80 kmph.


    But the designer has to consider for 120 kmph as the road may
    be upgraded in future. Accordingly Sight distance, super-
    elevation etc are to be designed.
    Elements of Geometric Design of Highways
    Width of pavement
     Cross section elements Formation and land
    Surface characteristics
    Cross slope of pavement
    SD available in horizontal curve
     Sight distance consideration SD available in Vertical curve
    SD available at intersections
     Horizontal alignment details Super-elevation
    Transition curves

     Vertical alignment details

     Intersection elements
    DESIGN CONTROL CRITERIA
    Design Factors

     The geometric design of highways depends on several design


    factors which control the geometric elements are:

    Design Speed

    Topography

    Traffic Factors

    Design hourly volume and capacity

    Environmental and other factors


    Design Speed

    Most important factor

    Decided based on overall requirement of highway

    In India depends on category of road design speed


    assigned (NH/SH/MDR/ODR/VR)

    Design speed varies with topography


    Design Speed

    Every geometric elements depends on speed

    For example,
    Pavement surface characteristics
    Width & side clearance
    Sight distance requirements
    Radius of curve
    Super-elevation
    Summit or valley curve
    Topography

    Design Speed of NH/SH

    Plain Terrain 100 Kmph

    80 Kmph Rolling Terrain

    Mountainous Terrain 50 Kmph


    Traffic Factors

    Different
    vehicles have
    different
    characteristics
    like height,
    weight, braking
    nature etc.
    Design Hourly Volume

    Flow fluctuate with time

    Off-peak versus Peak

    Uneconomical to design for PH traffic

    Reasonable traffic value called design hourly volume

    DHV for urban 8-10% ; for rural 12-18%


    Environmental & Others

    Factors such as aesthetics, landscaping, noise


    pollution and other local conditions should be given
    due consideration in the design of road geometrics

    Grade-separated intersection for expressways to


    achieve higher speed standards

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